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CONTENTS 1 Title of text Contents Grammar reminder References to topics 1 1 Swissair lntensifies Unicef Commitment Collecting money for U nicef Passive voice Charities • Travelling by air • Money • The euro • International organisa tions 2 Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back Boxing courses for bullied pupils Infinitive and -ing structures Sports • Stress at school • Aggression • Building self-confidence 15 3 Good Eggs Dinosaur eggs found Relative clauses Animals • Zoo • Endangered species • Nature parks • Environmental protection 22 4 Drunken wifes smash with police Accident caused by a drunken driver Simple past • Past continuous • Past perfect Driving • Traffic • Accidents • Police • Male/female differences 29 5 Butt seriously this is worth Passive voice Famous people • Being a star • Collecting things • Hobbies 38 fl,500 Selling famous people s things at an auction 6 Dentists painful way to extract

payment Conflict between a dentist and nonpaying clients Causative At the doctor s • Health care • Handling conflicts 45 7 Quick gun check system crawls to a start A new system of checking gun buyers in the USA Present and Past participles Weapons • The right for self-defence • Crimes • Police • Hunting • War and peace 53 READ, READ, READ 9 7 1 Title of text Contents Grammar reminder References to topics 1 8 Thefts are a bad sign for tourists Stealing Irish road signs Simple past • Present perfect Travelling • Tourism • National characteristics • Ireland 9 Teles of the unexpected Unexpected and unnoticed pregnancy Mixed tenses Family planning • Bringing up children • Love and friendship 67 10 Concern over the cyberjunkies whoOD on IT Computer addiction Infinitive of purpose • To make sb do sth Using computers • Various addictions 75 11 The Life Doctor An experiment to break family cliches Reported speech Family

tree • Handling family conflicts • Emotions • Persona! characteristics • Family therapy 84 12 Conversations with virtual granny Living after death through the computer Relatíve clauses • Conditional Information technology • New scientific discoveries • Ethics in science • Life and death 92 13 Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters of the Universe A controversial nativity scene May• Might • Should • Would Christmas and other holidays • Customs • Gift-giving • Shopping • Modern arts • Religion 101 14 Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts EU law to ban tobacco advertising Infinitive and -ing structures • Conditional Smoking • Addictions • Bad habits • Health • Advertising • TheEU 110 60 ■ 8 READ, READ, READ UNIT 1 Swissair lntensifies Unicef Comm itment Before you read Task You can see both sides of an envelope that can be found on Swissair flights. Look at it and match the right caption (a-d) with pictures 1-4 on the

envelope. a) b) e) d) MAKE A DONATION TO UNICEF, PLEASE PUT THE MONEY IN THIS BAG UNICEF AND THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD THANK YOU FROM THE BOTTOM OF THEIR HEARTS IF YOU HAVE FOREIGN CURRENCY LEFT OVER IN YOUR POCKETS AND WOULD LIKE TO AND HAND IT TO THE FLIGHT ATTENDANT Hl!! .N:([,f :D//í;,07/f- Aé Please help the childre11 <?l the world Danke - Thank you - Gracias - Merci Grazie unicef~~ Name- . sw1ssa1r.,~" Task Address Z1p c0de,C1ty,Country Sw1ss Comm1ttee for UNICE::f- Crl-8050 Lw1ch Pt·1onP +·11 1 { 1 : tiL Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. 1. Do you think it is a good idea to collect donations for UNICEF in this way? Why/why not? 2. Have you ever taken part in any charity activity? If so, what was it? 3. What is your opinion of charity? Do you think it is a good way of helping those who need it? READ, READ, READ 9 Read the text Change for Good Swissair lntensifies Unicef Commitment A As of the beginning of October, Swissair,

together with UBS, is expanding its commitment to Unicef within the framework of the program Change for Good. Whereas formerly collections for the children of the world were only carried out on long-haul flights, they will now also take place on short-haul routes. B Thanks to this aid program, over 8 million dollars has been collected by 13 airlines (Swissair passengers alone contributed CHF 900,000 for two years.) The idea behind the campaign is as simple as it is obvious: experience has shown that each international passenger returns to his home country with approximately three francs worth of foreign money coins that cannot be changed back into 5 10 15 his own currency. Instead of having this change land in a drawer somewhere, it can be used to improve the quality of life 20 of children worldwide. C For this purpose, specially marked envelopes have been placed in the seat pockets on short-haul flights (on longhaul flights they are inside the plastic 25 bag that contains your

headphones). You can place any amount of small change in any currency - in these envelopes and hand them to your flight attendant during your trip. The entire amount of the 30 change that is collected is turned over to Unicef, which also supports the charities sponsored by the Swissair Foundation. (Swissair Gazette) Check your understanding Task Choose the best answers to these questions according to the text. Circle a), b) or e). 1. From this October Swissair will a) start its new program Change for Good. b) join the other 12 airlines in the program Change for Good. e) modify the program Change for Good. 2. Experience has shown that people a) easily give as much as 3 francs for charity. b) have about 3 francs in foreign currency when returning home. e) are happy not to take home foreign change. 10 READ, READ, READ 3. a) b) e) You are asked to put any small change in the envelopes. a minimum of three francs in the envelopes. notes and coins in separate envelopes. Task Find the

words in the text which the following words refer to. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. its (line 2) . 5. his (line 18) 2. they (li11C 7) 6. it (line 19) 3. it (line 14) 7. they (line 25) 4. his (li11e 16) 8. them (//ne 29) Vocabulary developmen t Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing verb or noun in the spaces provided. 1. place (/ine 8) 6. land (li11e 19) 2. campaign (li11e 13) . 7. place (//ne 27) 3. experience (/i11e 14) 8. hand (//ne 29) 4. returns (/i11e IS) 9. trip (/i11e 30) 5. change (/ine 19) 10. supports (//ne 32) Task Use the words in the box either as nouns or verbs to fill in the gaps in the following paragraph. Change the form of the words if necessary You will not need 2 of the words. campaign • return • land • hands • trip • experience • change • place • support Ilike animals that is why I . G) the Cats Protection League, which runs a very effective . 0 to protect the

cats rights. Of course you have to be careful to . G) your money in a trustworthy charity but they have got a lot of . @) in how to use the aid in the best way. Some people say charity will not . ® never know where . ® the world and you can your money will or who will lay their . (j) on it, anyway READ, READ, READ 11 Task ln Column A you can find words from the text. fill the gaps in the sentences in Column B with the correct form of each word. Column A Column B 1. INTENSIFY He is learning English on an . course 2. COMMITMENT I asked her what she thought but she refused to . herself 3. EXPAND Nothing can stop their economic . 4. FLIGHT I am . out to Hong Kong tomorrow 5. COLLECT He has got a fine . of paintings 6. CONTRIBUTE Thank you for your . 7. IMPROVE My teacher wrote on my test: This is a great . ! 8. CONTAIN The . of your essay is excellent Task Find expressions in the text which could replace the underlined expressions in the summary.

Write the expressions in the spaces provided Thanks to the program Change for Good, more than (par 1. ················································ B) 8 million dollars has been collected. The collections will be performed (par A) both on short- and long-haul flights 2. ················································ in the future. We know from experience that each international passenger arrives home with about (par B) three 3. ················································ francs worth of metal money (par B). Passengers are asked 4. ················································ to place any quantity (par C) of small change in special 5. ················································ envelopes and to give (par C) them to their

steward or 6. ················································ stewardess (par C) during the trip. The total (par C) sum 7. ················································ of money that is collected is given to (par C) Unicef, 8. ················································ which will use it to improve the quality of life of children 9. ················································ all over the world (par B). 10. ················································ 0 Task Combine each expression in Box A with a preposition in Box B. Fill in the gaps with the completed expressions. You can refer back to the text to see how the expressions were used there. 12 A B instead . (par B) . this purpose (par C) the idea . (par B) thanks .

(par B) as . (par A) . the framework (par AJ of (2 X) to behind for within READ, READ, READ . G) November new rules will be introduced at ten Somerset pubs . ® of a cultural campaign ® the campaign is that there is too much bad language in pubs and something should be done against it . @) putting up with it ®, special swear boxes will be installed and the money collected will be turned over to charity. ® the White Hart pub in Taunton, which has piloted the swear box for half a year, f500 has been raised for a hospital baby unit. Gramma r reminder - Passive voice Task Study the following extracts from the text and change the sentences (1-10) below into the Passive . . collectio11s were 011/y carried out 011 long-haul flights . over 8 mii/ion dal/ars has been collected . coins that ca1111ot be changed back . it can be used to improve the quality of life . specially marked envelopes have been placed . the entire amount is turned over to Unicef 1. Three

snowballs hit the professor 2. Children cannot open these bottles easily 3. His teachers were discussing his oral exam right in front of him 4. Somebody had slipped a love letter under the door READ, READ, READ 13 5. They will collect the fines on Tuesday 6. My son has eaten all the homemade cookies 7. Someone is interviewing Pat at the moment 8. Customers must not use that door 9. The government built a road right outside her front door 10. We will celebrate his birthday on Saturday Follow-up activities 1. Discuss in pairs or small groups which methods of collecting money tor charity are the most effective. Complete the list if necessary • • • • • • • • • • • • Street collection Door-to-door collection Church collection Collection at work Shop-counter collection Television a ppeal Appeal letter Appeal advertisement Raffle tickets Charity event Jumble sale Charity shop 2. Write a paragraph of approximately 80-100 words about a charity campaign that

you approved of/disapproved of very much. Give your reasons for your likes or dislikes. 14 READ, READ, READ UNIT 2 Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back Before you read Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. 1. Have you ever experienced bullying * in your school? 2. What could be done against bullying? 3. How can you help young people gain self-confidence? 4. Why are Japanese sports such as aikido or karate so popular these days? 5. What do you think of boxing? Task Write the names of the different kinds of sports in the chart below. Some sports may belong to more than one category. Collect more sports to complete the lists. aikido • basketball • boxing • diving • fishing • football • golf • handball • high-jump • horse-riding • hunting • ice-hockey • judo • karate • long-jump • rowing • running • sailing • shooting • skating • skiing • surfing • swimming • throwing the javelin • volleyball • water-polo

• wrestling Water sports * Athletic sports Team sports Winter sports Fighting sports Country sports frightening or hurting a weaker person READ, READ, READ 15 . Read the text •···ev 1< 1?!>0, Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back A A Women-Only boxing club thinks it 1 D The 47-year-old teacher was so impressed has an answer to school bullies - teachthat she subsequently joined the club ing victims how to defend themselves. herself, and now works out and spars B Jayne Mowbray, Britains first female with the 18 other females who attend boxing coach, has opened one of her 5 what is believed to be the worlds first three weekly sessions at the Dunfermboxing club run by women for women. line club to youngsters of both sexes Her 17-year-old daughter also donned who are being bullied. 1/Its something headguard and gloves after watching her we dont advertise," she said, iibut any brother, and has taken boxing as part of kids who have been bullied are

welcome 10 her Duke of Edinburgh Award certifto come along with their parents. The icate. 1/Although boxing gets a bad press, idea isnt to equip them to hit back but what happens here is not about knockto build their self-confidence by showing ing each on the head, or inflicting black them how to hit the punch-bags and eyes and bloody noses", her mother moves in sparring so they can stand up 15 says. 1/Its about learning how to defend for themselves if necessary". yourself but also how to balance yourC More than a dozen bullied teenage boys, self properly and get into shape - I have and a couple of girls, from the surroundlost nearly three stone. It is as much a ing Fife area have been tutored in the social exercise as a physical one. Although noble art by Miss Mowbray, 28, a social 20 he enjoyed it and now knows how to worker. Among the first was the 14box, my son has no desire to take it up year-old son of a primary-school teacher seriously. Hes quiet and more into comin

Dunfermline 1/Apart from other puter studies, which is probably why he things, the bullies twisted his legs round was a victim of bullying ín the first a lamppost, and I decided that was 25 place." enough," his mother said. 1/Im not an E Miss Mowbray said: 1/We see the kids advocate of boxing - I hate to watch it change ín front of our eyes. Some are in on television - but I know Jayne and their first year at high school and are quite trust her judgement. My son had never small, but when they walk out of here thought about boxing until I took him 30 after a few sessions they are 10 feet tall, to Jaynes club, but what she has taught holding their heads high. We are not turnhim has given him rules to live by He ing them into instant fighting machines, now has the confidence to hold his head simply boosting their confidence and high and walk away, knowing he can building their self-esteem. handle himself if things turn nasty. But 35 he hasnt been bullied since." (The

Independent on Sunday) , ;I F 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Check your understanding Task Fill in the gaps in this short summary with words from the text. Use the correct form of the words. Jayne Mowbray is a . G) and a @ She runs a . G) in Dunfermline She seems to be the first female coach who allows . @) to attend boxing courses ln one of her weekly sessions she 16 READ, READ, READ is prepared to tea ch young boys and girls who . According to Miss Mowbray, punching will help young people . and build . . ® 0 ® ®· themselves A primary-school teacher, who otherwise boxing, says that Miss Mowbrays course has . ® her son . @ to live by Besides learning how to defend yourself, you may also get . @ and lose some weight Miss Mowbray says its good to see young people learn to hold . @ Task Find the expressions in the text which the following words refer to. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. it (linc IJ 5. I (li11c 26J 2. who

(li11c 8J 6. her (li11e 44) 3. them (linc !:;) 7. he (li11e 56J 4. his (linc 24) 8. some (/i11c 63J Vocabulary developmen t Task Find the words in the text which have a similar meaning to the expressions below. Write them in the spaces provided EJ 1. woman . (par 2. firm trust . (par B) 3. boxing . (par B) 4. deal with; control 5. afterwards CJ . (par DJ 6. train the body . (par D) 7. put on e g clothes . (par DJ 8. increase; help . (pm E) . (par Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word taken from the text. Use one word for each sentence from the box below. surrounding • advocate of • subsequently • inflicting • balance • desire • boost 1. He is a lifelong environmental protection 2. The new tax system is supposed to domestic production 3. There are several distilleries in the area 4. He decided to quit and start his own business 5. He has always had a strong to get rich 6. How long can you on one foot? 7. He was accused of

a severe wound on his father READ, READ, READ 17 Task ln Co/umn A you can find words from the text. Fill in the gaps in the sentences in Co/umn B with the correct form of each word Column A Column B 1. DEFEND The Great Wall in China was built as a . against nomadic peoples. 2. EOUIP They area leading company in office . 3. MOVES She was a prominent figure of the . to promote womens rights. 4. JUDGEMENT Hes been appointed a High Court 5. IMPRESSED You need to make a good . if youd like to get the job 6. SOCIAL Marketing is a major activity ina consumer . 7. PRESS The . of city life forces many people to move to small villages around Budapest. 8. ENJOYED The band was playing so loudly that it was hardly . Task Complete the phrasal verbs with appropriate prepositions from the box. after • away • in • off (3x) • on • over (2x) • round • through • to • up (2x) 1. have a holiday 2. start a journey 3. 4. CET 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. TAKE 11. 12.

13. 14. perform in a particular situation overcome or master sth avoid regulations without acting illegally make contact by telephone resemble (ones father or mother) in appearance or character make (e.g a dress) narrower or tighter (of an aeroplane) leave the ground and start to fly remove clothes from one s body gain control of a business start sth (e.g a job) occupy a specified space or time accompany sb to a place (e.g the theatre) Task Fill the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs get or take. 1. I think I should this blouse in at the breast 2. Well have to off early in the morning 3. My time is fully up with writing my dissertation 4. The plane had to return to the airport 40 minutes after it had off 5. After the concern over the company, more than 200 people were dismissed 6. Shes never been able to over the death of her parents 18 READ, READ, READ 7. He always his wife out to dinner on the anniversary of their wedding 8. Wed love to

away for a few days after the school year finishes for the kids 9. He is going to up the new position next week 10. How is your son on at school? 11. My granny always made us off our shoes in the hall before we entered her flat. 12. Lawyers have to be good at round regulations 13. Ive phoned a hundred times, but I havent through to him yet Task Fill in the gaps with the words in the box below ifit is necessary. You may need to use the same word more than once. back • by • into • on • out • to • up 1. You make peoples lives easier if you give the rules to live 2. No body has an answer every question 3. Many fathers think boys should be able to hit if they are hurt 4. Many people joined the boxing club in Dunfermline 5. I decided to take a special course in presentation skills 6. I work regularly to keep fit 7. He knocked his opponent the head so hard that he almost died 8. Few people dare to stand for their rights 9. Water turns ice when it freezes Grammar

reminder - lnfinitive and -ing structures Task Study the following extract from the text. Re-write the sentences below using similar structures. Remember that sometimes you can use an -ing structure instead of the infinitive. Wc see the kids change in front of our eyes. (par E) 1. All the neighbours can hear when he sings opera arias in the bathroom 2. The car crashed into the wall Nobody saw it 3. I saw them the other day They were walking hand in hand 4. They quarrelled so loudly !ast night that we could hear them through the wall 5. Her parents didnt notice when she came home READ, READ, READ 19 Task Study the following extract from the text. Re-write the sentences below using similar structures. The teacher and the 18 other fema/es attend what is believed to be the world s first boxing club. (par D) 1 1. Everybody believes that this is the best solution 2. Everybody thinks that he earns a fortune in his new position 3. Parents usually consider him a good maths teacher 4.

People think that top managers have a comfortable life 5. Since he didnt come home after the war, everybody thinks he died at the front 6. Pupils consider maths and physics difficult subjects 7. Everybody believed that Peter had stolen the bicycle Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the infinitive or the -ing form of the verbs given. 1. They taught the kids how (DEFEND) themselves 2. Ive never had enough confidence (TELL) him what I thought 3. I often think about (OUIT) my job and (MOVE) to a new place. 4. It might be difficult to believe, but shes always been an advocate of (WRESTLE). 5. Give her something (DRINK), please 6. Small boys often become victims of (BULLY) 7. Anyone interested in folk traditions is welcome (JOIN) the folk dance club 8. My son has a strong desire (PLAY) the guitar ina band 9. Karate seems to be about (TURN) young kids into fighting machines, some people would say. 10. Id like to take up music lessons and (DANCE) 11. Nobody is

allowed (ENTER) the x-ray room when the light is on 12. Heavy smokers are often unable to give up (SMOKE) even if they want to. 13. I couldnt shout I was too frightened even (SAY) a single word 14. He is a lecturer so hes used to (TALK) to a larger audience 20 READ, READ, READ Follow-up activities 1. Give your opinion about the following statements Work in pairs a) b) e) d) Aggressive behaviour among young people is on the increase. Television bears responsibility for making young kids aggressive. It is impossible to stop aggression in school unless there is severe punishment. Its always the boys who bully the weak. 2. Write a paragraph of approximate ly 120-150 words for the Advice Column of your daily paper. Write your opinion for a mother who is considering taking her 7 yearold-son to a new school because hes been bullied at school for several months 3. Look at the pictures and discuss what they suggest READ, READ, READ 21 UNIT 3 Good Eggs Before you read Task

Write the names of animals in the box under the appropriate heading. bear • lizard • dolphin • snake • salmon • turkey • swallow • donkey • antelope • mosquito • snail • butterfly • crocodile • mouse • duck • carp • lion • parrot • eagle • fox • giraffe • sheep • sparrow • turtle • guinea-pig • octopus Mammals Reptiles Birds Fish Insects Mollusks Discuss the following questions in pairs or Task small groups. 1. Why do you think some ancient animals, eg mammoths or dinosaurs, became extinct a long time ago? 2. Why do you think cartoonists and toy makers so often use the figure of a dinosaur? 3. Do you have a dino toy or mascot? Why do many people have a mascot in their bags or in their cars? 22 READ, READ, READ Read the text ORIGINS Good Eggs A Last week National Geographic and the D The team will return to Auca Mahuevo in journal Nature announced the discovery of March, hoping to recover enough specione of the largest

deposits of dinosaur eggs mens to construct a complete "ontological ever found, including the first fossils of series", a set of embryos representing each embryo skin ever seen by human eyes. stage of dino development. They may find B Titanosaurs - 45-foot-long relatives of the clues about dinosaur behaviour, too, behemoth known as Brontosaurus - laid including whether newly hatched titanothe eggs along a flood plain in what is now saurs could stand on their own four feet Argentína 70 million to 90 million years and fend for themselves. ago. The site was quickly dubbed Auca E Auca Mahuevo is almost certainly the best Mahuevo, after the Spanish for "more record of dinosaur life ever uncovered. Other eggs". fossil beds are threatened by development C Expedition co-leader Luis Chiappe, of the and poachers, but the new site has been American Museum of Natural History, established as a dinosaur reserve, the first in says theyve recovered partial skeletons of Argentína.

"You never know what youII three-dozen embryos, each about 15 inches find the next time you look," says Chiappe. long. But its the exquisitely preserved skin At Auca Mahuevo, it seems, the paleontolothat really excites the scientists, the fossils gists will have a chance to find out. are helping them understand how dinosaurs changed as they grew. (Newsweek The International Magazine) Check your understanding Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) in the boxes provided 1. Scientists had never found more than one dinosaur egg in one deposit previously. 2. The name of the place means "more eggs" in Spanish 3. The dino skin will help find out how dinos changed during the thousands of years. 4. The team would like to find more eggs 5. Scientists have discovered that newly hatched titanosaurs could stand on their own feet. 6. The new site is not threatened by development and poachers 7. The

reserve in Argentína is the first dino reserve in the world READ, READ, READ 23 Task Answer the following questions in no more than 6 words. 1. What was the most significant find of the expedition? 2 What do scientists hope to find out about dinos by studying the fossils? a)----------------------·------··---··------- --------·----·----·---------------------·--·- ------------~---------------------------···---·--------- ------------------·-------------·-----··----- ------------- 3 What is an ontological series? 4 Why does Auca Mahuevo seem to be the best record of dinosaur life? S What does the sentence "You never know what youll find the next time you look" (pm E) refer to? Vocabulary development Task Find the words or expressions in the text which have a similar meaning to the expressions in Co/umn 8. Write your answers in Co/umn A Column A Column B l ------------···-----------------------·-·------------- remains of a prehistoric

animal or plant (par A) 2 ------------··-----------------------··--------------- area beside a river which is occasionally flooded (pm B) 3 ------------------------··---------------------------- framework of bones supporting an animal or a human body (pm C) 4 beautifully, finely (pm C) 5 ----------------------------------··------------------ thing taken as an example of its group/class (e.g for scientific research or for a collection) (par D) 6 -------·--------·----------------··----·-------------- fact, idea, or piece of evidence that suggests a possible answer to a problem (par D) 7 ------------------------------------------------------ break out of an egg (par 8 ----·-------------·-------··---·----------------··---· look after oneself (par D) 9 --··--------------------·------·---------------·-----· person who catches game birds, animals or fish without permission on sb elses

property (par E) 10. ----------------------·----·------------·----···---·-· scientist specialised in studying fossils as a guide to the history of life on earth (par E) 24 DJ READ, READ, READ Task Choose the expression from Column B which most closely agrees with the meaning of the underlined word in the extract in Column A. Circle the appropriate letter. Column A Column B 1. deposit of dinosaur eggs (par AJ a) sum of money put ina bank account b) amount of a substance laid down or left somewhere 2. a relative of the behemoth (par BJ a) somebody or something who is related to another usually by family relation b) not absolute, comparative 3. the site was dubbed (par BJ a) give sb/sth a nickname b) add to or replace the soundtrack of a film ina different language 4. theyve recovered skeletons (par CJ a) find again sth stolen or lost b) return to a normal state of health, menta! condition, etc. 5. each stage of development (par DJ a) platform in the theatre

on which plays are performed b) period or step in the development or growth of sth 6. established as a dinosaur reserve (par EJ a) area of land reserved as a habitat for nature conversation, or reserved for occupation by a native tribe b) sth put aside and kept for later use Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below with the correct form of the words in the box. You can check the meanings in Task 6 deposit • dub • recover • relative • reserve • stage 1. Ive seen a Western film into German and it sounded very funny 2. He made two of $ 200 last week, which the police found very strange READ, READ, READ 25 3. I dont like sitting too close to the Heavy make-up on the actors faces always makes me disillusioned. 4. My mother was born in Transylvania and at Christmas we always visit our there. 5. He is 95 now and doctors say he is not likely to from his pneumonia 6. When I was in America, I visited the Cherokee Indian and I bought some souvenirs in their shops. 7.

At this it is impossible to tel1 whether the government and the strikers can reach a compromise or not. 8. A thick of mud lay on the fields when the flood went clown and it made the land of Egypt exceptionally fertile. 9. They are living in comfort now, at least compared to what they had to endure earlier. 10. No bodies were in the wreck 11. Which city is the Venice of the N orth? 12. The issue of bank notes used to rely on the countries gold Task Fill in the following chart with the correct forms of the given words. Expression in the text Verb Noun Adjective 1. announced 2. preserved 3. excites 4. scientists 5. construct 6. representing 7. threatened 8. established Task Use the correct form of the words in Co/umn A to complete the sentences in Co/umn B. Column A Column B 1. ANNOUNCED When I was young, I wanted to be a TV . 2. PRESERVED My grandmother could make the best apricot . in the world 3. EXCITES She couldnt conceal her . She blushed and then turned

pale. 4. SCIENTISTS They carried out . research on the side-effects of the new drug. 26 READ, READ, READ 5. CONSTRUCT Many people work illegally in the . industry 6. REPRESENTINC They have sent questionnaires to 800 of the teaching profession. 7. THREATENED Politicians often receive . letters and telephone calls 8. ESTABLISHED The local government has decided on the . of a new library. Grammar reminder - Relatíve clauses Task Study the following examples from the text (Column A) and how we can re-write them using a relative clause (Column B). Study the position of the past participle (third form of the verb) in the sentences in Column A. Column A Column B They announced one of the largest deposits of dinosaur eggs cver fo1111d . They announced one of the largest deposits of dinosaur eggs v:·hich had ever bcc11 found . . including the first fossils of embryo skin cvcr scc11 by human eyes. . including the first fossils of embryo skin thm had evcr bcc11 secn by

human eyes. Auca Mahuevo is the best record of dinosaur life cvcr 1111covcrcd. Auca Mahuevo is the best record of dinosaur life that has cvcr bcen 1111covercd. Its the cxquisitc!y prcscrvcd skin that really excites the scientists. Its the skin that has bcc11 prcserved cxquisite!y that really excites the scientists. . whether 11cwly hatched titanosaurs could stand on their own four feet. . whether titanosaurs which had Just hatched could stand on their own four feet. Task Re-write the following sentences. Use an expression with a past participle instead of the relative clauses in italics. 1. The discovery which was announced /ast week caused a great excitement in the world 2. The eggs which were deposited along a flood plain were found by an international expedition 3. The fossils which were recovered along a flood plain in Argentína are 70 to 90 million years old 4. The site which was dubbed Auca Mahuevo is situated near to a river in Argentína READ, READ, READ 27 5.

The embryo skin which they have just found in Argentína will help scientists understand how dinosaurs changed as they grew. 6. The specimens they lzave recovered may enable scientists to construct a complete "ontological series". 7. There are many fossil beds in the world that are tlzreatened by deve/op111e11t t111d poachers 8. The dinosaur reserve which has bee11 11ewlv estab!islzed will attract both scientists and tourists in the future. Follow-up activities 1. Discuss the following questions in small groups a) Does it make any sense to study fossils? Can people learn anything useful from it? Why? Why not? b)Which animal species are threatened by extinction now? What are the reasons? e) What can scientists and ordinary people do to prevent the extinction of animals? d) What organisations have you heard of that protect animals rights? 2. Write a short review (in 120-150 words) of a film or book that features animals or a particular animal. 28 READ, READ, READ

UNIT 4 Drunken wifes smash with police Before you read Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. 1. 2. 3. 4. What means of transport do you know? What are their advantages and disadvantages ? Which is the most/least dangerous way of transport? Why? Why are there so many accidents on the roads? Can you drink and drive in your country? If so, how much is the drink-drive limit? Do you know how it is regulated in other countries? 5. Do you think banning alcohol while driving can decrease accidents? Why? 6. Have you ever driven after drinking alcohol? / Would you drive after drinking alcohol? Task Label the following picture by writing the appropriate number (1-7) in the spaces provided. 1. accident • 2 tyre • 3 roundabout • 4 traffic sign • 5 dual carriageway • 6. northbound carriage way • 7 central crash barrier READ, READ, READ 29 i ,, ,,, e8 Read the text Text 1 Drunken wifes smash with police A A drunk woman drove five miles the wrong

way up the Al and smashed into a police car travelling to an accident at over 100 mph, a court heard yesterday. B Almost three and a half times over the blood alcohol limit after two bottles of wine, she carried on for a further 14 miles on just two tyres, went around a roundabout three times and crashed into a road sign. C But despite expecting to spend Christmas in jail, charity worker Joyce Forbes, 49, walked free from Teesside Crown Court. Text 2 shire, with a clean driving record for 23 years, pleaded guilty to dangerous driving and excess alcohol on July 18. E Judge Tony Briggs accepted a psychiatric report that she was suffering from a depressive illness and alcoholism and put her on probation for two years and banned her from driving for five. (Daily Maii) Wrong-way driver hit police car after party F A woman who got drunk at a party drove five miles the wrong way up a dual carriageway and struck a police car which was travelling at over 100 mph, a court was told

yesterday. G Joyce Forbes, 49, who was almost three and a half times the drink-drive limit, carried on along the Al in North Yorkshire for another 14 miles, ending up on only two tyres, Teesside Crown Court was told. H Forbes, of Thornton-le-Moor, Northalergton, pleaded guilty to dangerous driving with excess alcohol on July 18. She was put on probation for two years, ordered to do 120 hours community service and disqualified for five years. I Peter Makepeace, defending, said Forbes was suffering from depression and alcoholism. She had expected to go to jail 30 D Mrs Forbes, of Northallerton, North York- J Forbes, a fundraiser for Barnardos Homes, had attended a charity night in Sowerby with her 11-year-old daughter. She drank two bottles of wine. K The court heard that she was upset and emotional when her husband arrived to take her home. When she was left alone in the car she set off for home five miles away. L She drove south on the northbound carriageway of the Al. Near Rainton

Services her Ford Escort was clipped by a police Volvo estate heading for the scene of an accident. M The police car hit the central crash barrier and spun around, its driver receiving a whiplash injury. Forbes was eventually arrested after crashing into a traffic sign. (Daily Telegraph) READ, READ, READ Check your understanding Task Put the following statements in chronological order according to what happened. Write numbers 1-12 in the boxes a) Mrs Forbes went around a roundabout three times. b) Mrs Forbes was arrested. e) Mr Forbes went to the party and wanted to take his wife home. d) The court put Mrs Forbes on probation. e) The Ford Escort hit the police car. f) Mrs Forbes drove 14 miles south on the northbound carriageway. g) Mrs Forbes drank two bottles of wine at the charity party. h) The Ford Escort crashed into a road sign. i) Mrs Forbes pleaded guilty to dangerous driving and excess alcohol. j) The police car hit the central crash barrier and spun around. k) Mrs

Forbes drove five miles south on the northbound carriageway. !) Mrs Forbes got angry and left for home alone in the car. 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 s.O 6.0 7.0 s.O 9.0 10.0 0 11. 12.0 Task ln which text(s) can you find the answer to the following questions? Tick the appropriate boxes below and answer in no more than three words where possible. Text 1 Text 2 Both Neither 1. What is Mrs Forbes job? 2. Which road was Mrs Forbes driving on? 3. How fast was she driving before the accident? 4. How fast was the police car driving before the accident? 5. Where was the police car going to before the accident? 6. Was Mrs Forbes hurt in the accident? 7. Was anyone in the police car hurt in the accident? 8. How many times did she go around the roundabout? 9. Where had she drunk the two bottles of wine? 10. What did Mrs Forbes teli her husband at the party? 11. How far does Mrs Forbes live from the place of the party? 12. Had she recently caused other car accidents? READ, READ, READ 31

Vocabulary development Task For each of the underlined expressions from Text 1 find one expression in Text 2 which has a similar meaning. Write them in the spaces provided Text 1 Drunken wife s smash with police Text 2 Wrong-way driver hit police car 1. The police car was travelling to an accident (par A) (par L) . 2. Mrs Forbes was well over the blood alcohol limit. 0Jar B) (par G) . 3. She crashed into a road sign (par B) (par M) . 4. Mrs Forbes was suffering from a depressive illness. (par E) (par !) . 5. The judge banned her from driving for five years. (par E) (par H) . Task Find verbs in the texts which describe the collision of two thing(s) or person(s). Write the verb forms in Co/umn A ln Co/umn B write the thing(s) or person(s) colliding. One has been done for you as example 1. (pm A) Column A Column B . smashed into . a drunk woman & a police car 2. (1Jar B) 3. (tit/e o(Text 2) 4. (par F) . 5. (par L) 6. (par M) 7. (par M) 32 READ, READ,

READ Task Match the expressions in the box with the definitions below. Write them in the spaces provided. report • probation • injury • accident • excess • court • community service • injury • charity • limit • scene • jail 1. more than is needed or allowed 2. ······················································ damage or harm done to a persons body 3. ······················································ organisation for helping the needy 4. the place where an event happened 5. ······················································ place where law cases are held 6. unexpected event which causes damage 7. ······················································ official document prepared by a specialist on a subject 8. organised

work that is done in order to help other people 9. ······················································ greatest or smallest amount allowed or possible 10. ······················ ······························· period of time during which a criminal is not sent to prison bu t is under official su pervision 11 . place where criminals are kept to punish them for their cnmes 12. physical harm or damage to someones body caused by an accident or an attack Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. ln each case choose one verb from the box. Use the correct form of the verbs suffer • put • bon • receive • plead • arrest • accept • expect • order • defend • spin • attend • hear • head 1. They had a quiet wedding - only a few friends it 2. Three policeman minor injuries in the accident 3. Do you from headaches? 4. At first he denied blackmailing

the lord but then he guilty 5. The court did not the specialists report as it was not satisfactory 6. He was from the meetings because he always caused scandals 7. The court will the case in May 8. You cant to learn a foreign language ina week 9. She had been on probation after six months in prison 10. The police the thief and put him in prison 11. The doctor me to stay in bed 12. She didnt have a lawyer but herself successfully in court 13. He was so hungry that he straight for the fridge 14. The roulette players silently watched the wheel round READ, READ, READ 33 Task The words in the box are token from the texts. Group them according to their meaning.Task northbound carriageway • injury • arrest • crash • scene • blood alcohol limit • smash • road sign • court • bon • dual carriageway • police car • spin around • judge • traffic sign • central crash barrier • probation • jail • hit • driving record • drink-drive limit •

disqualify • roundabout • tyre • dangerous driving • community service • struck • clipped • driver • excess alcohol Traffic - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Law Road Accident Car Person Decision Place Traffic law ,. \IH \\\\\H\111111111\ ll\lltltlf111i• 1,\ , , , , , , " " " \\\ " " \\ ,n \l\. \ 34 M. 1 fii oO 1 1 ti/1111 IClf (111 fltJ llt( lltHfllHltllllHt1 11 Hl\ un11 lll\lllllllllllll \\\\\ 1 \( READ, READ, READ Task Fill in the gaps in the following summary. Use one preposition of place or movement for each gap from the box below. on • in (3x) • into (2x) • at (2x) • to • near • away • towards • around (2x) • up • over (2x) • along • from • tor Joyce Forbes got drunk . CD a party . ® Sowerby. Her husband wanted to ® home when she was left alone . the car Her home was only five miles ® but she drove ® the Al. Then she drove five miles the wrong way (j)

the dual carriageway and smashed . ® a police car ® Rainton Services The police car was travelling @an accident @ 100 mph The police car hit the take her home but she was upset and set off . central crash barner and s pun . @ Mrs Forbes carried on . @ the Al @ just two tyres, went . @ a roundabout three times and crashed @ a traffic sign She was almost three and a half times . @ the blood alcohol limit She expected to spend Christmas . @ prison but she could walk free . @ Teesside Crown Court Task Read the following sample sentences and match the prepositional phrases in Co/umn A with the correct definitions in Column B. Write letters a-i) in the boxes provided. 1. She is really the best, she carried off most of the prizes for swimming 2. After striking the police car the woman carried 011 along the Al 3. Jean makes good plans but she cannot carry them throuf!,h 4. Her first, childless marriage ended in divorce 5. We ended off the meal with coffee and brandy 6. The drunken

woman caused an accident, drove on and ended up on only two tyres 7. The civil war set brother aF,ainst brother 8. After the party Mrs Forbes set off for home 9. The government has set up a committee to look into the problem of drug abuse Column A 1. carry off 2. carry on 3. carry through 4. end in 5. end off 6. end up 7. set against 8. set off 9. set up READ, READ, READ Column B □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ a) Finish sth (in a suitable or successful way) b) Finish sth successfully (when it is difficult to do) e) Reach a certain place or situation (which was not the original intention) d) Make sb compete with or be hostile to (a friend, relatíve, etc) e) Begin (a journey, race, etc) f) Continue (doing sth) g) Establish or create (a company, business, institution, course, etc) h) Finish in a particular way i) Win sth 35 Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. ln each case choose one expression from the box. Use the correct form of the verbs carry off • end in

• set against • carry on • end off • set off • carry through • end up • set up 1. Its a difficult job but shes the person to it 2. If you want to catch that train you should far the station immediately 3. He his speech by telling a very funny joke 4. She accused her ex-husband of their children her 5. Tom the gold medal in the tennis championship 6. When he married he left his fathers shop and his own business 7. If you continue to steal, youll in prison 8. I am not boring you, am I? No, no 9. They could not agree, the discussion a quarrel Grammar reminder - Simple past • Past continuous • Past perfect Task Read the following simplified sentences from the article and put the underlined expressions in the boxes below. Comment on the verb forms and use of tenses A drunk woman drove five miles the wrong way up the Al and struck a police car which was travelling at over 100 mph. She carried on far a further 14 miles, went around a roundabout three times

and crashed into a road sign. Forbes had attended a charity night in Sowerby. She drank two bottles of wine Peter Makepeace said Forbes was suffering from depression. She had expected to go to jail Simple past Task Past continuous Past perfect Use Simple past, Past continuous or Past perfect in the following text. It . (BE) G) a lovely day, the snow (FALL) 0 gently. I (SIT) G) in the train compartment and I (FEEL) @) quite happy I (JUST HEAR) ® that I . (WIN) ® first prize ina lottery and I . (THINK) (J) about what to do with the money Suddenly the woman opposite me . (PULL) ® out a gun. 36 READ, READ, READ Follow-up activities 1. The two articles are from the Daily Maii and The Dai/y Telegraph Compare them carefully. Points to consider: • Length of the article • Details included • Language style 2. Act out the hearing in the court Use the information of the articles but you can also invent details. Possible

roles: • • • • • • • • Mrs Forbes Tony Briggs, judge Peter Makepeace, counsel for the defence (lawyer acting for the accused person) Counsel for the prosecution (lawyer who tries to prove that the accused person is guilty) Psychiatrist Policeman who received injury in the accident Policeman who arrested Mrs Forbes Witnesses (guests at the charity night or eyewitnesses at the scene of the accident, etc) 3. Choose from the following: a) Mrs Forbes has to write a report about how the accident happened and what she did before and after the accident. Write this report in 180-200 words on her behalf b) Mrs Forbes writes a letter to her friend about the accident and what happened after that. Write this letter on her behalf in 180-200 words. READ, READ, READ 37 UNIT 5 Butt seriously this is worth f 1,500 Before you read Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. 1. Many people like collecting things Make a list of the things that are often

collected 2. Have you ever collected anything? What? 3. Do you know anyone who collects famous peoples photos or autographs? Talk about him/her 4. How or where can you get, find or buy the things that you collect? 5. What is an auction house? 6. Have you ever been to an auction? If so, what did they sell? 7. Is there anything you would be prepared to pay a fortune for? Whats that? Task Which of the famous people in Column A do you think the items in Column B belong or belonged to? What do you know about these people? Column A 1. Elton John 2. John Lennon 3. Madonna 4. Jimi Hendrix 5. Muhammad Ali 6. King Charles I Column B a) underwear b) cigarette e) a pplica tion farm d) hair locks h) drugs box i) hat and sun glasses Read the text Butt seriously this is worth E1,500 A A London auction house wants to sell you a cigarette butt for f:1,500. Any newsagent will sell you a whole cigarette for 17 pence. So why the huge mark-up? The butt on sale was smoked by John Lennon. 38 Next month

the cigarette end - attached to a piece of paper signed by the Beatles and with a sample of Lennons hair attached - will go under the hammer at Bonhams. The Lennon butt is merely the READ, READ, READ latest piece of bizarre ephemera on offer to eager customers. If someone achieves fame or infamy - someone else will want to buy their old exam papers, cushions, even their ashtrays. And respected auctioneers - who once dealt only in masterpieces - are happy to satisfy the demand. John Vincent presents some recent auction items. B ö Elton Johns hat and sun glasses f 600, Bonhams Memorabilia offered for sale by two former housekeepers was branded "discarded rubbish" by the singer. Eltons straw boater and a pair of Polaroid sun glasses went for f600. ö e Madonnas underwear f 9,200, Christies The black satin bustier worn by the singer on her 1987 Whos That Girl tour did well at auction, as did much Madonna memorabilia. A plastic bottle of her Evian water - adorned by a

trace of lipstick - went for f 500. ö D Jimi Hendrixs drugs box f 5,050, Bonhams This black lacquered Chinese-style box was used by Hendrix to stash his drugs at the flat he shared with long-time girlfriend Kathy Etchingham in Brooke Street, Holborn. An oriental prayer mat from the bottom of the couples bed made f3,910, a Bokhara woven rug went for f2,990 and two psychedelic printed velvet cushion covers - made by wife of the Animals lead singer Eric Burdon fetched fl,495. - 0 E Muhammad Alis cigarette f 1,365, Christies New York This gnarled-looking Winston was snatched by the boxer now known as Muhammad Ali from the mouth of boxing historian Hank Kaplan in 1961, and then autographed "Cassius Clay". At the same sale, a pair of the boxer s old training wraps (used to protect his fists) were snapped up for f400, one of his mouthguards made fl,450, and a water bottle fl,580. ö F John Lennons application form f 2,500, Christies South Kensington A teenage John Lennon

applied to Liverpool College of Art. He had to fill in a Ministry of Education form and sign it. A few decades later, this humdrum piece of paper sold for more than the annual value of todays student loan. A more obvious keepsake - a pair of Lennons spectacles - was recently sold by Bonhams for E2,070. (Evening Standard) Check your understanding Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false or not stated according to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided 1. Auctioneers prefer selling these items instead of old masterpieces 2. The text suggests that John Vincent is an auctioneer 3. Elton John thought that his hat was rubbish 4. Madonnas belongings have been sold at auctions since 1987 5. Jimi Hendrix and his girlfriend had an oriental prayer mat in front of their bed 6. Jimi Hendrix probably liked carpets and rugs 7. John Lennon wanted to be an artist 8. The writer suggests that these items are not really valuable READ, READ,

READ 39 Task Answer the following questions in no more than 3 words. 1. What is Bonhams? 2. What did Elton John think of his hat and glasses? 3. What does Madonna like drinking? 4. What did Muhammad Ali write his autograph on? 5. What did Eric Burdons wife make for Jimi Hendrix? 6. How much is the student loan a year now? Vocabulary development Task The expressions in Co/umn A are taken from the text. Match them with expressions of similar meaning in Co/umn B. Write letters a-1) in the boxes provided. Column A Column B 1. mark-up (par AJ 2. sample (par AJ 3. ephemera (par AJ 4. infamy (par AJ BJ stash (par DJ fetch (;Jar DJ snatch (par EJ decade (par FJ 5. discard (par 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. humdrum (par 11. loan (par FJ FJ 12. keepsake (par FJ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ a) increase in price b) sum of money that sb borrows from another person or a bank e) hide/store sth safely and secretly d) a period of ten years e) things that are used or enjoyed

for only a short time and then forgotten f) put out the hand suddenly and take sth g) ordinary, dull h) specimen/one of a number or part of a whole that shows what the rest is like i) small present which will make you remember the giver j) infamous behaviour/wickedness k) throw away because it is not wanted 1) be sold for a price 40 READ, READ, READ Task There are two words in the text which both match the descriptions below. Which are they? 1.The remaining part of a cigarette after someone has smoked it. (par A) 2. Covering for the head (par B) 3. A device that we use to improve our sight. (par B, F) 4. A small piece of carpet (par D) 5. To write ones name clown (par E, F) 6. To be sold at a certain price (There are four words for this ín text ! ) Task Fill the gaps in the sentences below with a word from the box. adorned • cushions • customers • demand • eager •fist• item • mat • respected • straw boater 1. We the walls with flowers and evergreens

2. There is such a big for some of the newest models in the car market that 3 . sometimes have to wait a couple of months to get their cars 4. If you go out, put on your to protect yourself against the sun 5. Each has a number in the catalogue which you have to refer to if you want to order an article. 6. My friend struck the thief in the face with his and he fell clown 7. She has no chairs in her living-room Instead, there are on the floor to sit on 8. Her father was a highly scholar He wrote several books on this subject 9. Many people are to buy famous peoples things 10. The on the bathroom floor looks awful I think we should buy a new one Task Q Fill in the gaps with a word from the box. You can use the same word more than once. tor • in • on • to • under • with • up 1. A little slip of paper was attached the notebook with his name and telephone number on it. 2. The company her husband works for deals spare parts for motor car industry READ, READ, READ 41

3. He has offered his sailing boat sale 4. You have to apply the Ministry of the Interior if you want to get a passport 5. The things special offer were displayed ín the great hall 6. Would you please fill this registration from, please? 7. Whats your best offer old customers? 8. I cant afford to rent a flat on my own I have to share it another student 9. She had concerts ín fifteen different countries her first tour 10. By the time we got there, the cheapest articles had been already snapped 11. Madonnas bustier went more than 9,000 at the auction 12. Several drawings by Picasso will go the hammer at Christies tomorrow Grammar reminder - Passive voice Task Find the passive sentences in the text which express the same ideas as the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Elton John branded the hat and the glasses "discarded rubbish". Muhammad Ali snatched the cigarette from the mouth of Hank Kaplan. They snapped up the boxers old training wraps for $400. Jimi

Hendrix used the box to stash his drugs in it. Bonhams sold Lennons spectacles for f2,070. Task Use information from the text to complete the following sentences with a passive verb + an agent. 1. The auction house will sell a cigarette end which 2. They attached the butt to a piece of paper which 3. Elton said the glasses and the hat which were rubbish 4. Madonnas plastic bottle, which , went for f 500 5. A satin bustier which sold for almost f 10,000 6. The cushion covers which were very bright colours 7. An application form which was also sold at Christies Task Re-write the following sentences using a passive verb structure. Remember that you can use passive voice in all tenses and with modals, too. 1. When my aunt died we sold all her paintings at an auction 2. Somebody paid $79 million for a Renoir at Christies 3. Nobody has ever recovered the old photos and letters 42 READ, READ, READ 4. You can still find a lot of nice furniture in English country houses 5.

Auction houses sell very few masterpieces these days 6. Eric Burdons wife made two cushion covers for Hendrix 7. Young children weave most of the carpets and rugs in some countries 8. They have done a lot of tests to find out ifit is really as old as they say 9. The auctioneer says he is not sure that they will buy all the items 10. We must offer the house for sale if we want to pay all our debts 11. You should paint the walls before you move in Follow-up activities 1. The following items were sold at auctions in Britain or in the US a) Order them according to how much they were sold for. (You can check the correct order in the key.) b) Discuss in small grou ps • what kind of people would probably buy these items. • which of these items would fetch the highest price at an auction in Hungary. Cive your reasons • if you would like to buy any of the items. The footballer Eric Cantonas strip A tin replica of the 1966 World Cup A painting by van Gogh A stale slice of the

Duke of Windsors wedding cake Dr Crippens watch * * Dr Crippen was hanged for poisoning his wife and cutting up her body. READ, READ, READ 43 2. Read the following text a) Discuss in small groups what you think about John Reznikoff who spends a fortune on such things. b) Write a letter of 150-200 words to Mr Reznikoff and tel1 him what you think about his collection. London auction houses sometimes sell very special artefacts. In recent years, for example, they have sold hair from several famous people such as Charlotte Bronte (f420), Beethoven (f4, 140), Byron (f4,620) or John Lennon (f715). The worlds largest hair collection belongs to John Reznikoff, an American, who owns hair from US presidents George Washington, John Adams and Abraham Lincoln as well as monarchs like Henry IV or Napoleon Bonaparte. His latest buy is a lock of Charles Is hair, which fetched f 3,910 at the auction. 44 READ, READ, READ UNIT 6 Dentists painful way to extract payment Before you read

Task 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. How often do you go to a dentist? How did you choose the dentist you go to? What do you like about him/her? Why are people afraid of dentists? How could stress be reduced ina dentists surgery? Have you ever had any bad experience with dentists? What was it? What are the advantages/disadv antages of going to a private dentist? How would you interpret the cartoon below? /:IJCNTiST:/ <@ WA 71 ® 4 } r Task Match the following expressions from the text (Column A) with the correct definitions in Co/umn B. Write letters a-g) in the boxes provided ColumnA Column B 1. debt collector □ a) the only thing that might be able to help you, when every other possibility has failed 2. watchdog b) someone who owes money to someone 3. breach □ □ 4. confidentiality □ d) person/company whose job is to collect money which should have been paid back 5. debtor e) the amount left 6. last

resort □ □ 7. balance □ g) an act of breaking a law, promise, agreement or relationship READ, READ, READ e) person/organizatio n responsible far making certain that companies maintain particular standards and do not act illegally f) the fact that someone is trusted with private information or secrets which s/he keeps 45 Read the text Dentists painful way to extract payment Brian Lironi A A Dundee dentist has posted a list of Tay Bridge if he likes but he is not getting a patients who owe him money in his surpenny. He charged me E40 to have a metal gery window in an attempt to shame them pin put in my tooth and I only had E36 on into paying up. me. I intended to go back with the balance B Dr Ernie McAree publicly named 50 people but my tooth fell out befare I got the with outstanding debts for dental treatment chance. It cost me more money to visit another dentist to repair the botched job after warning letters and the threat of debt that he had made of my tooth.

There is no collectors failed to get them to pay. Yesterday he defended the list and claimed that everyway he is getting any more money out of me." one named had been given ample opportunity to clear their debts. But a health watchdog F Mr McDonald added: "His behaviour is criticised Dr McAree for breaching patient ridiculous. A lot of those people genuinely confidentiality and promised to report the wont be able to pay their bill. His list list to the General Dental Council. wont do his reputation any good whatsoever." C The Rev Tom Tait, chairman of Tayside Health Council, said: "I feel that to publish G Dr McAree is renowned within the dental a list of so called debtors ina dentists surprofession far using controversial hypnosis gery is a shocking breach of patient confitechniques to relax patients who are frightdentiality." ened of injections or dentists surgeries. He Since the list of debtors was posted in has addressed seminars across the UK and the

surgery window in Beauly Avenue, and in America on hypnosis techniques. in the waiting room at his Finlarig Terrace H He has also defended charging patients E5 for unkept appointments. "Unkept appointsurgery, five patients have agreed to clear their debts. ments cost every dental practice in the D Dr McAree said: "Everyone on that list has country thousands of pounds every year. The E5 charge makes very little difference been given two letters asking them to pay up. And they were all told I would refer financially but it provides an incentive far their debt to a collection agency. The list is people to keep appointments." my last resort. If people dont want to pay I Yesterday, a spokesman for the General far their dental treatment, I dont want Dental Council declined to comment as a complaint had not been received. He said: them coming to my surgery. Five people from the list have paid up so far." "There is nothing in our guidelines that E Buta farmer patient

who is named on the refers to a dentist displaying a list of his list hit out at Dr McAree. Douglas debtors to the public. It is unorthodox but McDonald, 65, of Ann Street, Dundee, it is not illegal. If any patients have an objection they can write to us and we will refused to pay the E4 balance for treatment when his tooth fell out days after receiving put it through our complaints procedure. treatment. He thought the debt had been There are 30,000 dentists practising in written-off until he was told about the list. Britain and we have never come across "He can put my name on his list. ln fact, he anything like this." can put my name along the length of the (Scotsman) 46 READ, READ, READ Check your understanding Task Choose the best answers according to the text. Circle a), b) or e) 1. McArees list contains the names of those who havent paid him a) any money. 6) a larger sum. e) a larger sum after warning. 2. was/were against posting the list a) The health watchdog

6) The chairman of the Health Council e) Both the watchdog and the chairman 3. Five patients from the list have a) already been warned twice to pay. b) promised to collect the money and pay. e) paid their debts. 4. McDonald says he wont pay because McAree a) charged too much. 6) did a bad job. e) has forgotten to write off the paid debt. 5. McDonald a) wouldnt care if he saw his name on the Tay Bridge. b) will post McAree s name on the Tay Bridge to damage his reputation. e) got angry when he saw his name posted on the Tay Bridge. 6. Hypnosis techniques a) made McArees treatments very expensive. b) were criticized at seminars by McAree. e) were applied by McAree. 7. McAree charged the patients f5 a) for the application of hypnosis techmques. 6) if they didnt come to the appointment. e) if they didnt come or cancelled appointments. 8. According to the spokesman, the General Dental Council a) guideline says: doctors should never display their patients names. b) will investigate the

issue immediately. e) have not received any complaint in this issue yet. Vocabula ry developm ent Task Use verbs from Box A and nouns from Box B to make verb+noun partnerships that fit into the gaps in the sentences below. Use the appropriate form of the words A B to clear • to breach • to receive • to keep • to provide • to charge patients • confidentiality • incentive • treatment • appointmen t • debts 1. I think doctors should never ever their patients 2. Private clinics according to a fixed price list 3. He was taken to hospital and for the shock he had suffered 4. You are late again! Cant you ever any ? 5. She will only be able to her when she wins on the lottery 6. The year-end bonus would a good for people to work harder READ, READ, READ 47 . , :: ~~1 Task For each of the underlined expressions in Column A find one expression in the text which has a similar meaning. Write them in Column B Column A Column B 1. .

(parC) 2. } . a dentist has posted a list (par A) . (par 1) 3 . the threat of debt collectors (par B) . (par D) 4 . to clear their debts (par B) . (par D) 5 . ample opportunity (par B) . (par E) 6 . a farmer patient refused to pay (par E) . (par 1) 7. complaint had not been received (par 1) . (par 1) Task Complete the lists of nouns from the text by forming noun forms of the words in the box below. You can form more than one noun from some words to act • royal • novel • to move • to create • bankrupt • certain • patient • to imprison • biology • infant • to exhibit • to sail • tolerant 1. treatment, appointment, , 2. collector, debtor, , 3. collection, reputation, objection, , 4. dentist, , 5. confidentiality, , 6. agency, , 7. difference, , Task O Complete the phrasal verbs with appropriate prepositions from the box. out (2x) • up (2x) • off (2x) • over • back 1. 2. to give sb the money that you owe them PAY

3. 4. to accept that a debt will not be paid WRITE 5. 6 48 to write sth in a final farm using notes that you have made to criticise sth or sb strongly HIT 7. 8. to bring good results; to be successful to attack or criticize sb who has attacked or criticized you to become loose and drop FALL to hit ones foot against sth when walking and fall READ, READ, READ Task Use the verbs pay, write, hit or fal/ in the following sentences. Change the form of the verbs if necessary. 1. Her baby teeth are starting to out 2. The World Bank is being urged to off debts from developing countries 3. ln tonights speech, the minister is expected to back at critics who have attacked her handling of the crisis. 4. Eventually they up, but only after receiving several reminders 5. The Medical Association yesterday out at government cuts in healthcare services. 6. Have you up that re port yet? 7. All her hard work off in the end, and she finally passed the exam 8. I rushed for the door

and over in the hallway Task Fill in the gaps in the following summary. Use one word for each gap from the box below. You can use one preposition more than once across • after • at • back • for • in • of • off • on • out • through • to • with Mr McAree, a dentist has displayed a list of patients . G) the window who havent paid . 0 the treatment. Mr McDonald, his former patient, who is . G) the list, hit . @) ® the dentist. He says he wanted to go . ® 0 the money . ® the treatment but as his treated tooth fell . ® he thought his debt had been written ····················®· Dr McAree is renowned . @ using hypnosis to relax patients who are frightened . and also . 1) surgeries charging patients . @ unkept appointments The spokesman . @ the General Dental Council said he had never come @ anything like that and the guidelines dont refer . @ such cases either He added if any objection arrived they

would put it . @ their complaint procedure READ, READ, READ 49 Task Match the words in Column A with the appropriate group of words of similar meaning in Column 8. Write letters a-h) in the boxes provided Column A 1. attempt 2. shame 3. defend 4. ample 5. provide 6. incentive 7. comment 8. practise Column B □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ a) protect, guard, preserve, safeguard b) notice, remark, point out e) motivator, bonus, inducement d) furnish, supply, allow for e) rehearse, exercise, do f) effort, try, endeavour g) disgrace, dishonour, pity h) plentiful, abundant, copious, plenteous Task The words in the box are taken from the text. Group them according to their meaning. painful • to extract • dentist • patient • surgery • pay up • debt • dental treatment • warning letter • debt collector • to clear debts • health watchdog • debtor • patient confidentiality • waiting room • collection agency • balance • tooth • to receive treatment

• to write off • to charge • to cost • dental profession • bili • hypnosis technique • to relax • injection • appointment • dental practice • financially • to practise Health 50 Payment READ, READ, READ Grammar reminder - Causative Task Study how get is used in the following extract from the text. Arrange the words below into sentences. Debt collectors fai/ed to get them to pay. 1. dont Nicole get the why come to to party you ? 2. this couldnt I the car get start to morning 3. got he his his him help with to homework sister 4. understand never will get him to you 5. get you you your a could Christmas parents buy horse to for ? 6. away some get after friends look dog to while we we our are will Task Study the following simplified extract from the text. Rewrite the sentences using the Causative construction and omitting the words underlined. I had a meta! pin put in my tooth. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I pay a firm of window cleaners to wash my windows every

month. They arranged for the police to arrest the man. That tooth is giving you a lot of trouble; you should ask the dentist to extract it. They couldnt find a house to suit them so they will employ builders to build a new one. The shoemaker is repairing my shoes for me. If you hate cleaning fish why dont you pay the fishmonger to clean them in the shop? Follow-up activities 1. a) Discuss in pairs or small groups whether you refuse or accept Dr McArees idea to put his debtors names in the surgery. b) Act out a dialogue between Dr McAree and Mr McDonald in which you discuss the conflict over non-payment. READ, READ, READ 51 2. Choose from the following: a) Write a letter of complaint of approximately 80-100 words to the General Dental Council because Dr McAree put your name on the list. Give reasons why you didnt pay and what you think about displaying the list of non-paying patients. b) Write a letter of approximately 80-100 words to Dr McAree on behalf of one of his debtors,

who had been his patient for a long time and had been on very good terms with him until his/her name was put on the list. 52 READ, READ, READ UNIT 7 Quick gun check system crawls to a start Before you read Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. 1. Who can own a gun in your country? Why do you think authorities check the background of people who would like to buy a gun? Do you know anyone who owns a gun? Who is it? Why does he/she need the gun? Do you think people have the right to own a gun? Why? Why not? How can people defend themselves against a mugger? What do you think of hunting? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Read the text Quick gun check system crawls to a start By Gary Fields A A new national system that was sup- 1 firearms. Reasons far disqualification posed to reduce criminal background range from felony convictions to domeschecks on gun buyers from five days to tic abuse. five minutes has gotten off to a slow E The system, which will run 17 hours a start

this week, causing lost sales and 5 day seven days a week, replaces the 1994 frayed nerves. Brady Laws five-day waiting period and B Licensed gun dealers around the country background check far handgun purchases. complained they had trouble getting That law stopped about 250,000 handthrough to the FBI phone bank that was gun sales. supposed to begin the checks. And when 10 F About 5,000 phone calls actually came some dealers did manage to get through, through the system by late afternoon. the computer system had stopped workFBI spokesman Paul Bresson said 3,300 mg. sales were approved, 12 were denied and C "Were the largest wholesaler and dealer the rest needed more research. Bresson in the state of Indiana, and today we 15 said the holiday shopping and hunting have not been able to sell one shotgun seasons made it a tough first day. because the lines are all busy," said Doug "Hopefully well be able to move forKiesler, owner of Kiesler Police Supply ward without the

problems we encounInc. in Jeffersonville, Ind Kiesler said he tered today," he said. usually sells about 25 shotguns a day 20 G The National Rifle Association said it this time of the year. would file a lawsuit to stop the FBI from D The system was designed to quickly keeping the background records far six check buyers at the USAs 105,000 fedmonths. erally licensed dealers against computer lists of people disqualified from owning 25 (USA TODAY) READ, READ, READ 30 35 40 45 53 Check your understanding Task Decide in each case which of the two statements is true according to the text. Circle a) or b) 1. a) A new national system was introduced to stop criminals from buying guns b) A new national system was introduced to shorten the checking period. 2. a) Many gun dealers said they could not use the FBI phone bank because the lines were busy 6) The computer system stopped working because some dealers got through. 3. a) The USAs 105,000 federally licensed dealers are against

the computer lists b) Cun buyers are checked if they are on the computer list of disqualified people. 4. a) 250,000 sales were denied from 1994 until now 6) There were altogether 250,000 handgun sales from 1994 until now. 5. a) At this time of the year gun dealers usually sell more guns than usual b) Bresson said that they could do 5000 background checks on the first day. 6. a) The National Rifle Association think that it is illegal to keep the records for six months 6) The National Rifle Association think that a new law is needed to stop the FBI from keeping the records for six months. Task What do the following numbers refer to in the text? Match the numbers in Column A with the items in Column 8. Write letters a-1) in the boxes provided. Column A 1. 5 2. 5 3. 25 4. 5. 54 105,000 17 Column B □ □ □ □ □ a) the new checking system will work so many days per week 6) the approximate number of guns sold per day by Kiesler e) the number of gun sales that were not

permitted under the old checking system d) the new checking system will work so many hours per day e) the new checking procedure is supposed to take not more than so many minutes READ, READ, READ 7 □ f) the number of phone calls on the first day that reached the FBI phone bank 7. 1994 □ g) the number of gun sales that were not permitted on the first day of the new system 8. 250,000 □ h) checking the background of gun buyers took so many days in the old system 9. 5,000 □ i) the number of gun sales that were permitted on the first day of the new system 10. 3,300 □ □ □ j) number of gun dealers with a federal licence 6. 11. 12 12. 6 k) the FBI is planning to keep the records for so many months 1) the year when the Brady Law came into force Vocabulary development Task Find the words or expressions in the text which have a similar meaning to the expressions in Co/umn B. Write the expressions in Co/umn A Column A Column B 1. (tit/e) a) move

slowly (with the body on or close to the ground or on hands and knees) 2. ~ar~ 3. ~ar~ b) expected to 4. (par B) d) trader who has permission to sell firearms 5. (par DJ e) preventing sb from doing sth because he has broken a rule or is not able enough 6 . (par DJ c) examination or investigation f) serious crime 7 . ~ar~ g) declaring that a person is guilty of a crime DJ 9. (par DJ h) of the home, household or family 8 . (par 10 . (par E) i) bad use or treatment of sb or sth j) buying sth 11. (par F) k) chasing and killing of wild animals as a sport 12 . (par G) 1) type of gun Task Some words have more than one meaning. Choose the expression from Column B which most closely agrees with the meaning of the word in italics from the extract in Co/umn A. Circle the appropriate letter Column A Column B 1. CAUSE (par A) a) make sth happen b) aim or principle that is supported The introduction of the new system caused many lost sales. 2. FRAYED (par A) The

slow start caused lost sales and frayed nerves. READ, READ, READ a) strained and irritated b) worn 55 .•~ 3. LINE (par C) a) long, narrow mark b) telephone connection We couldnt sell anything because the lines were busy. 4. REST (par F) The rest of the calls needed more research. a) the remaining part of sth b) period of sleep or ina eti vi ty 5. TOUCH (par F) The holiday shopping made it a tough first day. a) severe b) difficul t 6. ENCOUNTER (par F) Mr Bresson said they encountered many problems on the first day. a) meet sb unexpectedly b) meet or face sth unpleasant or difficult 7. KEEP (par G) They will file a lawsuit to stop FBI from keeping the information for 6 months. a) continue to have b) manage (eg. a shop) Task The words in the table are token from the text. Fill in the table with the correct forms of each word given. Verb Noun Adjective national reduce criminal lost nerve dealer manage complain owner supply design reason replace approve deny record

56 READ, READ, READ Task You can find words from the text in Co/umn A. fill in the gaps in Column B with the correct form of each word. Column A Column B 1. NATIONAL The Bank of England was . in 1946 2. REDUCE Newspapers are talking about tax . , but I dont really expect anything like that . 3. CRIMINAL 4. LOST . is a far greater problem in the USA than in Britain Youll . your chance for promotion if you refuse to wear a tie 5. NERVE Its natural that actors are . before the first night of the play 6. COMPLAIN If you dont want to exchange the faulty goods, Ill make a . against you with the manager 7. OWNER The factory became under new . last year 8. SUPPLY We are one of the biggest . in the plastics industry 9.REPLACE There is a shortage of language teachers at schools so its rather difficult to get a . while she is away 10. APPROVE She married John without her parents . when she was 18 There was an official . that there would be any change in income taxes from

next year. 11. DENY 12. RECORD Our cassette . has gone wrong three times in the last six months. Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing verb or noun in the spaces provided. 1. check (li11c 3) 2. line (/inc 17) 7. abuse (line 28) . 3. supply (linc 18) 8. purchase (/ine 32} 9. research (linc 39) 4. design (linc 22} 10. move (line 42) 5. reason (/inc 26) 11. file (linc 46) 6. range (/inc 27) 12. record (/ine 47) Task Use the words in the box either as nouns or verbs to fill in the gaps in the following sentences. Change the form of the words if necessary abuse • check • design • file • line • move • purchase • range • reason • supply 1. We have been them with raw materials far more than 15 years 2. When we married we a big house and weve been paying the mortgage ever smce 3. She is very good at She can convince you of anything she wants to 4. Ill be very busy at the weekend I have a lat of homework from

my students to READ, READ, READ 57 5. A from the town into the country is always a big decision 6. Sandra works for a cosmetics company She says packaging and are as important as the product irself. 7. Drug often results in young people dying of overdosing 8. The streets were with cars and it was impossible to find any parking space 9. We decided to open an account with this bank because they offer a wide of services to their corporate clients. 10. Could you get me the personal on our new employee, please? Grammar reminder - Present and past participles Task Study the following expressions token from the text. The participles function as adjectives in these examples. Present participle: waiting period (par E) shopping and hunting seasons (par F) Past participle: fost sales (par A) frayed nerves (par A) licensed dealers (par B) Task G) Match the participles in Co/umn A with the words in Co/umn B to form expressions. Column A 1. feeding 2. lost 3. hiding 4. split 5.

running 6. ageing/aging 7. waiting 8. well-paid 9. broken 10. written 11. unemployed Task Column B □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ a) place b) water e) society d) list e) marriage f) bottle g) property h) personality i) job i) people k) examination Complete each of the following sentences with an expression from Task 11. 1. The number of has been slowly decreasing for the last two years. 2. At the college the students are expected to take an oral and a(n) in English if they want to get their degrees. 3. ln London hundreds of umbrellas are taken to the office every day. 58 READ, READ, READ 4. We live in a(n) , which will cause a lot of problems for the following generations. 5. The reason why young people are not very eager to get married these days might be that they can see too many . around them 6. There is a long for heart transplantation Many people are waiting for donor organs 7. Even with good qualifications it is difficult to find a(n) in Eastern

Europe unless you speak one or two foreign languages. 8. It was not difficult to find a in the mountains in those days 9. I suggest you should buy a plastic It wont break even if the baby throws it clown a hundred times. 10. On the farm where I lived we didnt have electricity or gas, we didnt even have . It was a hard life indeed 11. You can never rely on someone with a(n) At one moment he might behave in one way and at the next moment in a totally different way. Follow-up activities 1. Discuss in pairs what the picture below suggests 2. Write a letter of approximately 120-150 words to an advice column in which you explain why you think the police should ( or should not) be allowed to use a gun more freely. 3. Discuss the following questions in small groups. a) Police officers are quite stupid if they refuse to have guns with them. b) Everybody should have the right to own a gun to defend his life and property. e) People who refuse army service for reasons of conscience are

hypocrites. d) Hunting is a noble sport. READ, READ, READ 59 UNIT 8 Thefts are a bad sign for tourists Before you read Task 1. 2. 3. 4. Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. Have you ever been abroad? If so, where? Which countries would you like to visit? Why? Is Ireland a popular tourist destination in your country? Why?/Why not? What do you know about lreland? (Think of language, culture, arts, history, climate, pubs, etc.) Task Fill the gaps in the extracts from a travel brochure with the words below. Decide which attraction is the most appealing to you. literature • pubs • walking • shopping • music • food • cycling A) . : Take to the open road and enjoy the magnificent Irish countryside from the saddle . B) There are several . festivals throughout the summer and you will always be in store far a treat with an lrish fiddle when visiting the pubs in several rural towns . C) With traditional crafts and award winning designers, . in Ireland

offers unpar- alleled choice . D) . : Escape on foot; enjoy endless walking options either alone or as part of a group E) Ireland has recently slipped quietly into a new role as a must-visit destination far . lovers The basic building blocks are the excellent ingredients F) lrish . are a part of life in lreland It s where the lrish socialize G) With faur Nobel . prizewinners in the last century, Irelands literary pedigree is world renowned . 60 READ, READ, READ Read the text Thefts are a bad sign for tourists Alan Murdoch A An outbreak of roadside kleptomania has had been receiving complaints from fraught left unknown numbers of tourists wanderoverseas visitors baffled by the country s ing the lrish countryside with nowhere lack of a sense of direction, so to speak. to go. D Prime targets for the light-fingered dealers B The current vogue for lrish pubs across providing signs for pub interiors are counEurope, the United States and now even as ties such as Cork, Galway,

Kerry and far away as Peking, has seen attractive old Donegal, where endless quiet cross-roads iron road signs - pointing towards quaint mean no shortage of unusual names from and obscure destinations - become prized Ballydehob to Ballinferriter and Glendecorative artefacts in Irish bars from columbkille/Gleann Cholm Cille. California to Northern Italy. E Kerry is perhaps the most targeted area. C But the disappearing placenames have creAccording to road supervisor Gearoid ated major headaches for local authorities. MacGearailt the problem has been apparSome officials suspect that the growth of ent for the past five or six years. hundreds of new Irish pubs is the prime F "Theyre looking especially for the oldcause of the disappearance of singlename fashioned cast-iron ones. If theyre up "finger signs" at a cost of E60 each. A youre in trouble," he said. spokesman for the Department of the Environment in Dublin confirmed they (The lndependent) Check your

understanding Task Decide if the following statements are true or false or not stated in the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided. 1. Irish road signs are popular decorations of overseas Irish pubs 2. Mostly the old wooden road signs are stolen 3. Most of the stolen road signs are in Irish pubs in California and northern Italy 4. The cost of setting up a new road sign is E60 5. It is mainly the local people who complain about the thefts READ, READ, READ i - 1 . 1 : J j 61 6. The road signs are used as decorations both inside and outside the pubs 7. Some shops will soon sell old-fashioned road signs to meet the need 8. The authorities have set up a special team to check crossroads 9. Kerry may have the most crossroads and funny placenames ín Ireland 10. Most of the road signs have been stolen ín the !ast five or six years Vocabulary development Task Choose 2 words from the box to make compound words taken from the text.

Fill the appropriate compound words in the gaps below. head • roads • country • seas • end • name • over • break • cross • side (2x) • place • out • ache • less • road 1. The English looks at its best ín spring 2. He has lived for many years 3. I sat clown by the and cried 4. When was the of the second world war? 5. At the first a policeman stepped into the road and stopped us 6. What is the origin of this ? 7. She took an aspirin to relieve her 8. The hours of waiting seemed Task The words in the box are nouns from the text. Decide which 4 words CANNOT be used as verbs and write these 4 words in the spaces provided. sign • pub • cause • cost • lack • sense • target • county • name • area • problem • trouble The 4 words that cannot be used as verbs: 1 . 2 ·································· 3 4 Task Choose words from the box of Task 5 and use them as verbs to fill in the gaps in the

following sentences. Change the form of the word if necessary 1. They their child John 2. Please, your name here 3. Money for the project is still 4. Although she didnt say anything, I that she didnt like the idea 5. It more to live in the city 62 READ, READ, READ 6. Im sorry to you, but could you tel1 me the time? 7. Smoking can lung cancer 8. The paper is specifically at young people Task The words in the box can be used both as nouns and adjectives. Use the same word twice in a matching sentence. Change the form of the word if necessary official • quiet • iron • local • interior 1. Nowadays are made of plastic and high-tech metal, there arent any . part s in it 2. I have got a lot of ideas of what a domestic should look like, but it is very difficult to furnish a(n) . room without windows 3. A(n) of high rank set forth the statement of the government. 4. It might be dangerous to go to a(n) pub because the . tend to be suspicious of strangers 5. He

tried to keep but his steps sounded like small pistol shots in the . of the forest Task Q Find the words in the text which match with the definitions below. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. (par A): go from place to place without any special purpose 2 . (par B): fashion 3 . (par B): attractively odd and old-fashioned 4. (par B): not well-known, not easily seen or understood 5. (par B): place to which sb/sth is going or being sent 6. (par C): (more) important, great(er) 7. (par C): official organization or government that has the power to make decisions 8. (par C): person who speaks on behalf of a group 9. (par C): conditions, circumstances, etc. affecting peoples lives 10 . (par C): worried or anxious 11. (par D): most important, fundamental 12 . (par D): be in the habit of stealing (esp. small) things 13 . (par E): region of the earths surface; district of a city, etc 14 . (par F): (situation causing) worry, pain, difficulty, danger,

etc READ, READ, READ 63 Task Complete the chart with the correct forms of each word given and use the appropriate form in the sentences given below. Verb Noun Noun (person) Adjective theft attractive decorative create growth confirm complaint visitor suspect shortage 1. He took two links out of the chain to it 2. What was the weather like on your holiday? Oh, I cant 3. Im sure he will never get married, he is a bachelor 4. She is very ; she writes and paints 5. The saying Set a to catch a means that a criminal is the best person to catch another criminal 6. Our rooms need painting and wall-papering Do you know a good ? 7. Babies who are small at birth faster 8. He is a prime in the murder case Task The words in the box are taken from the text. Fill the gaps in the story with the expressions from the box. baffled • headache • suspect • pub • road sign (2x) • destination • trouble • local • obscure • sense of direction • shortages • fraught

• unusual • endless • countryside • roadside • overseas • quaint • placenames . CD always make . ® whenever I am on a(n) . @ tour, especially in Hungary where there area lot of @ names. Once I was driving through the . ® was wonderful but I had ® lost Hungarian Great Plain. The my way and did not even . (J) where I was I was tired and had a rather bad . ® 64 so I really wanted to get to my . ® Then I saw a READ, READ, READ ······················· . ® saying "Pihenőhely" away, which looked . !S 5 km (fD and . @ enough to be a Hungarian village But it was neither on my map nor five kilometres away from the sign. I quite forgat about it so I felt really . G] to come across the same . GJ again much later because I usually have got a good @ The third "Pihenőhely" sign many kilometres farther on . (f~ me so much that I stopped at a . @ @ to ask where on

earth the village called Pihenőhely was. It was not easy either for the @ Hungarians or for me to overcome the vocabulary . @ but I could learn at last that the exotic- looking name Pihenőhely simply means rest area in Hungarian. Grammar reminder - Simple past • Present perfect Task Read the following simplified sentences from the article and answer the questions. 1. An outbreak of kleptomania has left unknown numbers of tourists wandering the Irish countryside (par A) 2. The vogue for Irish pubs has seen old road signs become prized decorative artefacts (par B) 3. The disappearing placenames have created major headaches for local authorities (par C) 4. The problem has been apparent for the past five or six years (par E) 5. A spokesman for the Department of the Environment confirmed (par C) • Why is Present perfect used in sentences 1-4? • Why is Simple past used in sentence 5? • Why is Present perfect used in the most sentences in the article Thefts area bad sign

far tourists? Task Read the two readers letters from a newspaper. Put the verbs in brackets either in Simple past or Present perfect. Letter 1 I have three friends who never seem to be able to manage their money. Always broke, always on the borrow. I (NOT GO) (1) out much since my boyfriend . (DIE) (2) so I have quite a bit saved and they know it So far they . (BORROW) (3) close on f:3,000 from me I (BE) (4) hurt to hear that they are going on holiday to Spain when they still owe money. I . (NOT HAVE) (5) a holiday for years and it would have been nice to have been invited. Especially as it is on my money that they are going What should I do? READ, READ, READ 65 Letter 2 I . (JUST COME) (6) back from a fantastic three-week holiday and today . (BE) (7) my first day back at work. I (FEEL) (8) virtually suicidal at the thought of having to come back in tomorrow and the next day and the next day. Basically I want to spend the rest of my life on holiday. How can I get over

this feeling? Follow-up activities ~ 1. Read the two readers letters in Task 12 Discuss in pairs or small groups what advice you would give to those who wrote the letters. Report your suggestions to the class. 2. a) Write a composition of 100-120 words about your favourite theme pub or the most interesting/strangest theme pub you have ever seen. b) You spent a week in Galway county in lreland and you often got baffled because of the lack of proper road signs. Write a letter of complaint (80-100 words) to the local authorities. 66 READ, READ, READ UNIT 9 Tales of the unexpected Before you read Task 1. 2. 3. 4. What Make What What Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups. do people think of teenage pregnancies? What do you personally think of it? a list of suggestions about how to reduce the number of teenage pregnancies. problems will a teenage mother have to face? do you think about the drawing below? Task The following words are taken from the text.

Check if you understand them before you read the text. PREGNANCY state or period of having a baby developing in the womb ANAEMIC PERSUADE NAUSEA THROWUP READ, READ, READ make having too few red cells in the blood feeling of sickness or disgust feeling of sickness after drinking too much alcohol eject food from the stomach through the mouth BE ON THE PILL take pilis to prevent pregnancy 67 Read the text Tales of the unexpected Emma Cook A When Helen Essex tells her story, she s 1 aware that her experience may be met with a degree of scepticism, especially from female quarters. But like 12-year-old Jenny Teage, 11 Britains youngest mother", 5 she says she was quite unaware of her pregnancy. "Its the women whove been pregnant that dont believe me," says Helen, 22, rather resignedly. Like them, I always used to think that a woman must 10 instinctively know if shes pregnant, but now I think, until it happens to you, you just dont know how youll feel." B

Ten months ago Helen graduated from York university and started a new job 15 with a media company. One evening she came home complaining of stomach cramps and tried to sleep them off. The pain increased and her father suspected appendicitis. He persuaded her to go to 20 casualty and five hours later she gave birth to Holly. "I just hadnt noticed I was anaemic anyway and never had regular periods. I was stuffing my face dur- .r ~ . ~ · . ·.·· ing finals and put the weight gain clown to that - though I only put on about half a stone anyway. At about six months, I went swimming with my mum and she didnt notice." C There was some nausea, but that was not unusual. 11 Ive always felt queasy ín the morning. I threw up about five times, but I put it clown to bad hangovers. I did get the odd stomach flutter, but if you dont think youre pregnant, it does not feel like a baby And Id just been on the Pill, so I didnt notice much difference ín the size of my breasts." D

When Helen was in hospital, the nurses told her that around one in ten mothers experience 11 concealed pregnancy", at least for several months. Most experts would say such cases are rarer - even though it seems that everyone has a friend of a friend who knows of one. 25 30 35 40 45 (The Independent on Sunday) Check your understanding Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false or not stated according to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided. 1. The article is about Britains youngest mother ] 2. Helen thinks that some people will not believe her story ] 3. Her father suspected that she was pregnant ] 4. She ate a lot during the final period of her pregnancy - ] 5. She didnt put on too much weight ] 6. She threw up five times because she had drunk too much alcohol 7. Nurses say ten percent of the women do not notice pregnancy for some months -=-J ] 8. Nurses know about more unnoticed pregnancies

than doctors 68 READ, READ, READ Task Find the possible symptoms of pregnancy that the text mentions. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. ······································································· 2. ······································································· 5. ····················"•··"·········"···········"·············· 6. 3. 7. ······································································· 4. ······································································· 8.

······································································· Task Find the expressions in the text which the following words refer to. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. she (linc 1J 5. them (linc 18J 2. that (li11c 8J 6. that (/i11c 26) 3. them (li11c 9J 4. it (linc 12J 7. it (linc 36J 8. one (line 46J Vocabulary development ,f•·· Task Find a word or expression in the text which could replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences. Write the words in the spaces provided. 1. I didnt realise that I had hurt her (par AJ 2. To what extent were you involved in smuggling illegal goods? (par AJ 3. The suggestion was not favoured in the highest political circles. (par AJ 4. Both his sons took their academic degrees in law (pm BJ 5. He went to see the doctor complaining of a strong twisting pain in his stomach. (par BJ 6. Food prices have been continuously rising for

the last ten years. (par BJ 7. He had to postpone his last exams at the university because of his illness. (par BJ 8. Everybody who had eaten from the fruit soup felt sick a couple of hours later. (par CJ 9. She has hidden all his love letters under the chest of drawers. (par DJ 10. Its very unusual for him to arrive late It hardly ever happens to him. (par DJ READ, READ, READ 69 Task ln Co/umn A you can find simplified sentences from the text. Circle the appropriate letter in Co/umn B to indicate the meaning of the underlined word. Column A Column B 1. "Women dont believe me," says Helen rather resignedly. (par A) a) sarcastically b) patiently e) stoically 2. I have always thought women instinctively know if they are pregnant. (par A) a) intuitively b) immediately e) emotionally 3. Since the pain didnt cease, her father told her to go to casualty. (par B) a) a doctor b) emergency ward e) relaxation 4. Helen got an odd stomach flutter, but she didnt think she

was pregnant. (par C) a) pressure in the stomach b) feeling of fullness e) quick irregular movement 5. A lot of mothers experience concealed pregnancy, at least in the first months (par D) a) hidden b) secret e) smallish Task The expressions in Co/umn A are token from the text. Fill in the gaps in the sentences in Co/umn B with the correct form of the words in Co/umn A. You may not have to change the given form. Column A Column B 1. UNEXPECTED The average life . in Hungary is much less than in Japan. 2. UNAWARE He said the words without being . of what they really meant. 3. SCEPTICISM People in the Middle Ages were not . about the truths of religions. 4. RESIGNEDLY She accepted the bad news with . as if she had expected it. 5. GRADUATE He invited his father, who he hadnt met for ages, to the . ceremony. 6. COMPLAIN People working at the customer services have to be very good at dealing with . 7. SUSPECT The paper says the police have arrested the . in the murder

case. 8. EXPERT Our department has accumulated a lot of . over the last few years. 70 READ, READ, READ Task Fill in the gaps with the words in the box below. You may have to use the same word more than once. from • of • off • on • to 1. Helen says she was not aware her pregnancy 2. Ifit hadnt happened me, I wouldnt believe it 3. She graduated university a year ago 4. When she was not well, she tried to sleep it 5. She had been complaining stomach problems for a few months before she went to see the doctor. 6. She was not married when she gave birth her first baby 7. Be careful not to put too much weight during your pregnancy Task You can find extracts from the dictionary in the boxes. Use the extracts to replace the underlined expressions in the sentences below. PUT aside a) place sth to one side, b) save money to use later down land (e.g a plane) sth down to to consider that sth is caused by sth else in/into devote time, energy to sth off postpone

or cancel (e.g a meeting) on (weight) grow fatter out a) stop burning, b) produce sb out upset, cause annoyance to sb sb through connect a person sb up provide accommodation for sb away a) discard sth as useless, b) fail to make use of it oneself into begin to do sth energetically off manage to get rid of sth sth up a) vomit, b) resign from sth THROW 1. The house is so large that its not a problem to provide a few people accommodation for a couple of days. READ, READ, READ 71 2. The fire brigade fought all night to stop the fire on the farm 3. We had to postpone the interviews because the human resources manager got ill 4. She is a difficult customer indeed Its really difficult to get rid of her 5. He was so enthusiastic that he immediately started work with full energy 6. Helen thought that her sickness was caused by drinking too much 7. The factory produces more than 3,000 bicycles a day 8. He could use none of the opportunities in his life 9. If you

d like to travel to Thailand for a holiday, you should save up some of your salary 10. He is working hard to improve his English 11. His rudeness made me really upset Grammar reminder - Mixed tenses Task G) Complete the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Her story sounds so incredible that many women (refuse) to believe it 2. I think I never (hear) a story like that 3. She often (feel) queasy when she was pregnant 4. Most people (eat) much more than usual when theyre nervous 5. She got seriously ill after she (be) on a slimming diet for six months 6. After she (graduate), she (start) a new job with a media company. 7. You can never tel1 in advance whether you (like) a job or not 8. I just (decide) to quit and find a new job 9. She says they (get) married after the baby is born 10. She never (be) to hospital before her baby was born 72 READ, READ, READ Task Choose the best alternative a-c) to complete the sentences below. 1.

a) b) e) There is no cloud ín the sky. It be a lovely day will is going to would 2. a) b) e) I . a lat of English recently am learning learn have learnt 3. a) b) e) I . to clean my room, but I didnt have time am going would go was going 4. a) b) e) By the time the police arrived, all the paintings . away were taken had been taken have been taken 5. a) b) e) We . each other since we metin a holiday camp at the age of six have known had known know 6. a) b) e) We . about him when he entered just talked were just talking had just talked 7. a) b) e) I . about it far months, but I still cant decide was thinking am thinking have been thinking 8. He is against smoking now, but he 40 cigarettes a day when he was a young man. a) was smoking b) used to smoke e) had smoked 9. a) b) e) Its cold. I the windows will shut shut am going to shut 10. All the people who the chocolate cake fell ill a) had been eating b) has eaten e) had eaten READ, READ, READ 73 Follow-up

activities 1. Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups a) Is there an ideal age far having a baby? b) Women tend to give birth at a later age these days. What are the reasons? e) Does it have any advantages or disadvantages to have very young parents or to have elderly parents? d) Why is it good or bad to be an only child? e) Why is it good or bad to have brothers or sisters? f) What do you think of family planning and abortions? 2. Write a letter of 150-200 words to your pen-friend in which you introduce your family. Explain to your friend why you like/dont like to be an only child/to have brothers or sisters. 74 READ, READ, READ UNIT 10 Concern over the cyberjunkies who OD on IT Before you read Task Read the following statements (The warning signs) • Decide to what extent they are true far you. Compare your findings in small groups and try to find out who is the most/least dependent on computers. • Use them to describe someone you know/read about who is

really dependent on computers. Complete the list of warning signs if necessary. The warning signs a) b) e) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) You spend hours looking far infarmation, when you intend to spend a few minutes You lie to friends about the time spent on your PC You suffer physical problems from sitting at a monitor far hours at a time You are looking farward to your next online session You often feel youre just one step away from finding the infarmation you have been seeking You get a thrill from adopting an anonymous persona You find it easier to talk to people online than face to face You check your e-mail compulsively You skip meals, classes and appointments to go online You experience mixed feelings of euphoria and guilt from spending so much time on your PC Task Check if you understand what the following expressions mean before you read the text. overdose, too much of something (especially drug) taken or given at one time CYBERJUNKIES READ, READ, READ IT Infarmation Technology

people addicted to computers (from the word: junky = a narcotics addict) 75 Read the text Concern over the office cyberjunkies who OD on IT Chris Barrie on the managers who OD on IT A Forget smack. The drug of the moment being used by millions day and night, is legal, and costs little more than the price of a phone call. B Managers stay late at the office to use it. There are growing fears for the health of children who already encounter it. And 75 per cent of people polled about its dangers warn that the addiction is getting worse. C Information is the drug and the new generation of dataholics are the addicts. A survey carried out by Reuters suggests thousands of people are becoming addicted to information and that many crave more of it to the detriment of social and family life. The survey of 1,000 people in the UK, US, Germany, Ireland, Singapore and Hong Kong shows that 53 per cent of managers "crave" information, with 54% admitting to a high when they find the

right data. D One in three managers believe their colleagues are obsessed with gathering information, while three-quarters believe information can become addictive. Nearly three-quarters say they have less job satisfaction and suffer greater tension with their colleagues due to overdoses of information, while two out of every five are so 76 1 E 5 F 10 G 15 20 H 25 30 addicted that they look for work-related information even when on holiday. More than half the managers said they could not cope with the amount of information they were sent, and nearly half work longer hours or take work home in an effort to keep up. Doctor Mark Griffith, a senior lecturer specializing in addiction at Nottingham Trent University, said the Internet may be responsible. Competitive pressures and job insecurity made people feel they had to stay up-to-date at all costs. Net use could produce similar changes in the body "as occurs with pathological gamblers, including heightened adrenalin,

endorphin and cerebral spinal fluid." Doctor Griffith said a woman has been found guilty of neglecting her small children as she spent all her time surfing the net. Another woman slept with her PC. Cyberjunkies are advised to go on-line only at certain times of day, to avoid onscreen junk maii and to strive to cut clown time at the computer. And they must recognise the limitations of the technology. 35 40 45 50 55 (Guardian) READ, READ, READ Check your understanding Task Put items a-f) into one of the boxes according to the text. The main topic of the article a) b) e) d) e) f) What is mentioned in the article Not mentioned in the article Using the net in classrooms Concrete examples of overuse The costs of using the net U sing the net in offices Recommendations to cyberjunkies Office life before computers Task According to the text, match the items in Co/umn A with the pieces of information about net use in Co/umn B. Write letters a-1) in the boxes provided

Column A Column B 1. 75¼, of polled people □ a) feel extremely happy when finding the info. 2. The Reuters survey suggests people □ □ □ b) worry about losing their jobs. 3. 54% of managers 4. One in three managers 5. Three quarters of managers 6. Two out of five managers 7. More than half the managers 8. Nearly half the managers 9. According to Griffiths, people □□ □ □ □ 000 e) think the tendency is bad. d) think their colleagues collect more and more data. e) work more due to too much info. f) have more conflicts with their colleagues. g) take time away from private life. h) might fail to do their most important duties. i) arent so happy with their jobs any more. j) cant relax out of work. k) can produce physical symptoms. 1) get more info than manageable. READ, READ, READ 77 Vocabulary development Task Look at the dictionary extracts below. Choose the definition which most closely agrees with the meaning of the word in the text. Circle

a), b) or e) 1. CONCERN (tit/e) a) A company or enterprise: The finn has grown i11to a lzuge concern. 6) A feeling of worry: Concern for !tis safety is grow111g. e) Thing that is important or interesting to sb: The safety of the ship is the captain 1s concern. 2. SMACK (/ine I) a) A loud kiss: She gave him a smack 011 the cheek. 6) Slight taste of sth: I could tastc a smack ofgarlic. e) Heroin (slang): How long has she bee11 011 smack? 6) To come together in a group: A crowd had gathered to hcar her speak. e) To understand sth: I never really gathcrcd why lze left his job. 5. TO PRODUCE (li11e 44) a) To make sth: Francc produces a great deal of v:•ine for export. 6) To cause a reaction or result: The prime ministcr1s remark produced a11 a11gry rcsponse. e) To bring sth out from somewhere and show it: He suddenly produccd a k11ife (rom his pockct. 3. HIGH (linc 21) a) A high place or region: Thcy stood 011 higlz mzd observed thc cou11trysidc. 6) A high level or degree: Su111111cr

tc111pcrat11rcs rctzched an a!l-time higlz. e) An euphoric condition induced by or as if a drug (slang): Excrcisc givcs }DU a high. 4. TO GATHER (linc 24) a) To collect several things: Vc e,athercd our 6. BODY (linc 45) a) The physical structure that forms a person or animal: Shc rubbcd sun lation ovcr hcr cntlre bodv 6) A group of people working as a unit: A gov- ernment body is invest(e,ating the problem. e) A separate object or mass: The distancc betwcen the two bodies i11 spacc was mcasured dailv things togethcr and left quickly. Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing verb or noun in the spaces provided. 1. costs (/ine 3) 7. work 1 (line 36) 2. stay (line 5) 8. work 2 (line 36) 3. fears (line 6) 9. costs (linc 43) 4. survey 1 (line 13) . 10. use (/ine 44) 5. survey 2 (line 17) 11. changes (line LJ4) 6. shows (line 19) 12. mail (line 55) . Task Choose words from the box and use them either as nouns or verbs to

fill in the gaps in the following sentences. Change the form of the word if necessary cost • stay • fear • survey • show • work • use • change • maii 1. Why dont we go to Edinburgh on Saturday and see a ? 2. He was pale and weak after the lengthy hospital 3. Going on the expedition gives me a chance to all the training Ive had 78 READ, READ, READ 4. Dont forget to these letters 5. It a lot to buy a house in this part of London 6. They 500 householders and found that 40% of them had dishwashers 7. She to speak in his presence 8. It is not regarded as one of his more memorable 9. That was twenty years ago and things have since then Task Fill in the chart with the correct forms of the given words from the text. Verb Noun Noun (person) Adjective(s) addict believe obsessed sa tisfaction suffer lecturer competitive pressure gambler guilty Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. addict •

believe • obsessed • satisfaction • suffer • lecturer • competitive • pressure • gambler • guilty 1. Shes been a since she survived a terrible car accident 2. the button to start the machine! 3. They have 31 flavours of ice-cream - enough to everyone! 4. I attended a series of on Greek philosophy at the university 5. Im sure he did it, was written all over his face 6. The problem with video games is that theyre 7. Its difficult for a small shop to with the big supermarkets READ, READ, READ 79 8. A new drug may give new hope to thousands of hay-fever 9. She can only think of what and how much she eats; dieting has become an with her. 10. He had to borrow money to pay off his debts Task Find words in the text which could replace the underlined expressions in the sentences. Change the form of the word if necessary and write it in the spaces provided. 1. ·············································· 2.

·············································· 3. ·············································· 4. ·············································· 5. ·············································· 6. ·············································· 7. ·············································· 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. On their way home they met (par B) a woman selling flowers. Many young children have a strong desire far (par C) attention. This tax cannot be introduced without damage (par C) to the economy. The star was addicted to heroin and died of too many drugs (par D) in Los Angeles. He doesnt give enough care to (par G) that poor dog - he never takes him far walks or gives him any attention. 6. I try to stay

away from (par H) supermarkets on Saturdays - theyre always so busy 7. She tries very hard (par H) to improve her performance Task (D Complete the phrasal verbs with appropriate prepositions from the box. down • on • in • up • back • off 1. 2. to prevent a feeling, etc from being expressed; to restrain sth KEEP to continue (doing something) 3. to move or progress at the same rate 4. to reduce the quantity of something 5. 6. Task CUT to interrupt sb/sth to cause a person/place to become separate ® Use the verbs keep or cut in the following sentences. 1. I was just talking to Jan, when Dave in 2 . on past the church; the stadium is about half a mile further on 3. Many villages have been off by the heavy snow 4. The doctor told him to down his consumption of fat 5. She was unable to back her tears 6. I cant up with all the changes in computer technology 80 READ, READ, READ Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. Use one word for each gap

from the box below. for • at (2x) • out • with (2x) • to (3x) • in (2x) • of 1. He is addicted TV soa p operas 2. Nigel is carrying research on early Christian art 3. Shc was very involved with sport s at college 1 .•••• the detriment of her studies. 4. Why are people so obsessed moneyc 5. The teams success was largely due her efforts 6. Thc police are looking clues 7. thcir efforts to reduce crime the government expanded the police force 8. It must be difficult to cope three small children and a job 9. We are going to a restaurant that specializes seafood 10. She insists on eating certain times of day 11. The train driver was guilty negligence 12. Security during the presidenes visit must be maintained all costs Task Complete the words in the box below with the right form of the suffix and fill in the gaps in the text below. shop • football • chocolate • work • diesel • data -oholic -(a)holic Alcoholic refers to a person who is addicted

to alcohol. The suffix -oholic or ~l/ho/ic is added to other words to refer to various kinds of addiction. The commonest of these is . G), who is someone unable or unwilling to stop working. A person who craves chocolate is a . 0 and a person who shops compulsively or very frequently 1s a . ®, whereas someone who cannot do without loads of information is a . @) The -o!tolic suffix is often used to generate new words far humorous effect. Far example, a driver unwilling to leave his car behind has been described as a . ®· it has been said of the Rangers manager Dick Advocaat that he is a . READ, READ, READ ln addition, ®· 81 Grammar reminder - lnfinitive of purpose • To make sb do sth Task Study the following extract from the text. Combine the pairs of sentences below into one using the lnfinitive. Mmiagers stav !ate at the ofTice to use lt. 1. I am buying paint I want to paint my hall door 2. They got up very early They wanted to get to the top of the hill

before sunrise 3. He opened the lions cage He intended to feed the lions 4. She put a scarecrow up in the field She wanted to frighten the birds 5. The workmen left red lights near the hole They wanted to warn motorists 6. We had no cups but he gave us coconut shells He said we could drink out of them Task Study how make is used in the following extract from the text. Arrange the words below into sentences. Competltlve pressure and job tnsecurlty made people feel tltey had to stay up to date at a/! costs. 1. morning start couldnt my I car this make 2. mind will my me nothing change make 3. your make water onions eyes 4. face laugh enough just make his me seeing is to 5. eighty photograph look makes the about me 6. the several but rang make hear couldnt I times anyone doorbell 82 READ, READ, READ Follow-up activities 1. Read the Help Desk Jokes and discuss the questions below a) Are people more computer literate nowadays? b) Would you like to work at a computer help desk? c)

Have you heard/experienced similar funny cases? So many people have called to ask where the "any" key is when "Press any key" flashes on the screen that the company is considering changing the command to "Press Return Key". 11 Customer: My sound card is defective and want a new one. Tech Support: "What seems to be the problem?" Customer: "The balance is backwards. The left channel is coming out of the right speaker and the right channel is coming out the left. lts defective." Tech Support: You can solve the problem by moving the left speaker to the right side of the machine and vice versa." A customer called to say he couldnt get his computer to fax anything. After 40 minutes of troubleshooting, the technician discovered the man was trying to fax a piece of paper by holding it in front of the monitor screen and hitting the "Send" key. Tech support: At 3:37 a.m I received a frantic phone call from a new user of a

Macintosh Plus. She had gotten her entire family out of the house and was calling from her neighbour s. She had j ust received her füst system error and interpreted the picture of the bomb on the screen as a warning that the computer was going to blow up. 2. Write a paragraph of approximately 80-100 words about how you use computers lnclude the following points. Far what purposes When you use it Any signs of addiction READ, READ, READ What you take time away from 83 UNIT 11 The Life Doctor Before you read Task Look at the following cartoon from the Guardian about the Lennard family of Bedford. Fill in the gaps with the pronouns from the box while reading the captions You can use one pronoun more than once. I • my • he • him • his • she • her • they • them • their • themselves REASONS WHY A FAMILY WONT 3PEAK TO EACH OTHfR . Task Make the Lennard family tree by filling in the ovals with nemes from the cartoon. 84 READ, READ, READ Task Discuss the

following questions in pairs or in small groups. 1. What makes the cartoon funny (wording, drawing, situation, etc)? 2. Who is Mr Appleby? 3. Why doesnt Anon (Anonymous) want to give his real name? 4. What is the family problem that the cartoon exposes? 5. How do you think Anons family reacted when they saw the cartoon? 6. How would you react ina similar situation? 7. How would you try to solve a problem like this? 8. What advice would you give to the Lennards? 9. What family cartoons do you know? What are they about? Read the text The Life Doctor Eleanor Bailey A Does your family stereotype you? Are you always the sensible coper or the emotional one who needs to be looked after? Psychotherapists think that we and our families unwittingly collude to create an emotional stuck-in-the-mud. B ln this new book Should You Leave? American psychiatrist Peter Kramer, cites an occasion when psychotherapist Murray Bowen broke his family emotional "triangles" so people could be

themselves. During a family crisis he deliberately alienated family members who normally took his side He wrote contradictory letters. They met for a weekend where everything exploded but Bowen held firm. And it worked. By one person breaking the pattern consistently, the others were able to take different roles. The needy sis- READ, READ, READ ter became autonomous, the feuding brothers stopped. It revolutionised family therapy. C To test this out we asked a passive, responsible coper to be a tantrum thrower for a week. Anne, 27, (no, of course, its not her real name; how could she upset her mother?) says: "From an early age, my sister was the temperamental genius and indulged. There is this unspoken belief that my mother is a huge musical talent too, but that her children stifled her. My father does everything for Mum. My brother and I go round every Sunday to avoid upsetting her. Not my sister They give her money, she goes round when she wants and treats my father like a taxi

service. She throws tantrums if she does not get her own way." 85 D Day one No family contact. Normally I ring my mother every day. I dont Weird E Day two to four Still no contact. If I didnt ring would I never speak to my mother again? Is she dead on the kitchen floor? Begin to notice how I might have been helping my mother be needy. F Day ft·ve My sister rings me in tears. An orchestral job has been cancelled. Instead of saying "there there, therell be another one soon", I say "you might never work again!" And throw a fit (I practised earlier). She stops crying, gets angry and gets off the line. My mother rings me. She has heard from my sister. How could I be so thoughtless? I should be supportive. I put the phone clown on her. Wow I feel scared and powerful at the same time G Day six The big one. For the first time in my adult life I miss Sunday lunch. No explanation, I just dont turn up. My father rings up He reasons with me (like always)

"Youre upsetting your mother," I say "but what about you Dad? Are you upset? Wouldnt you rather skive off too and go fishing?" This a first too, asking my father what he thinks. He is thrown He says "Thats not the point.", but I can tel1 hes tempted Maybe hell rebel too! H Day seven My mother rings me up. She is not hysterical She says, "are you all right?" My mother has never asked me this before. For some reason, I become tearful. Another first. My mother is quite nice really She says, "You dont have to come round on Sundays, you know." I am amazed (The Independent) Check your understanding Task · Decide if the following statements are true or false or not stated in the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided. 1. All the members of the family meet every Sunday 2. Ann and her sister quarrelled a lot as children 3. Ann s sister usually does what the others tel1 her to do 4. Ann is always the first

person her sister calls up if she has a problem 5. Anns sister is a musician 6. On day six Ann calls her parents to say that she cannot go to Sunday lunch 7. Ann thinks her father would like to go fishing instead of the family lunch 8. The shock therapy seems successful on the last day Task According to paragraph C who could have said the following sentences? Write the letters F (father), M (mother), B (brother), S (sister) or A {Anne) in the boxes provided. 1. Hella Is that you? Im sorry I cant come round this weekend I have so much to do 2. What a career I could have made! 3. Its difficult but Ill come I know how worried she would be 4. Thanks a lot! Ill try to give it back as soon as I can 86 D D D D READ, READ, READ □ □ □ 5. Why is Ann late? We usually arrive at the same time 6. Of course, of course As you want it 7. By the way, could you give me a lift tonight? Task On day five Ann says she feels scared and powerful at the same time. Match the days with how Ann

might have felt according to what she said using the words from the box. worried • surprised • determined • strange ( !) on day one. (2) on day two to four. Ann felt . scarcd mzd powcrfúl on day five . (3) on day six. (4) on day seven. Task An expert from the lnstitute of Family Therapy gives advice to those who would like to try out the new therapy. Match the sentence beginnings in Column A below with the correct endings in Co/umn B. Column A Column B 2. Think through the likely consequences, as □ □ b) . it happens e) . dont do it during a big life-changing event 3. Be careful with radical steps because . □ d) . you decide on a change of behaviour e) . even a tiny change may make a big difference 4. You can test the water by □ □ □ f) . having an as if conversation 1. Timing is very important; 5. Say to a particular person, 6. That way they are not so shocked when . 7. But be consistent if 8. It is easy a) . different families will have

different responses g) . to give in h) . what would happen if I behaved like this? □ □ Vocabulary developmen t Task Find the following extracts in the text and guess from the context what the underlined parts might mean. Choose a), b) or e) 1. Thcre is this 1111spoken be!ief that my mother is a musical talent too but that her children stifled her. (par C) a) her children spoiled her too much b) she couldnt make a career because of having children e) her children are even more talented than her 1 READ, READ, READ 2. She throws tantrums if slze doesn t get her own 1 way. (par C) a) has sudden, noisy outbursts of bad temper b) angrily throws everything a t the others e) quickly says a lot of unpleasant things to the others 87 3. a) b) e) <1011/d11t you rather skive off too and go ftshl11g? (par G) tel1 the truth openly at last forget about my mothers hysteria go away and not do the unpleasant duty Task For each of the expressions in Column A find one expression in the

text which has a similar meaning. Write them in Column B Column A Column B 1. a genius (par C) . ~arQ 2. to throw a tantrum (par C) . (f?ar F) 3. in tears (par F) ············································· ···························•0fflrffl 4. earlier (17ar F) ············································· ···························•0fflrffl 5. to get off the line (par F) . (pdr F) 6. be supportive (f?ar F) . (par B) Task Decide which expression matches each row of examples. Write them in the spaces provided. indulged by • scared of • upset by • tempted by • thrown by • amazed at 1. sbs beauty, a result, anything unbelievable, 2 . a remark, a question, anything disturbing, You can be 3 . ghosts, dogs, darkness, anything fearful, 4 . laziness, nice clothes, the devil, anything persuasive 5 . your

parents, husband/wife, anyone who !ikes you 6 . unpleasant experiences, bad news, anything worrying Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. Use one expression tor each sentence from the box below. indulged by • scared of • upset by tempted by • thrown by • amazed at 1. The speaker was completely the interruption. 2. They are making a fool of themselves. 3. We were the change in his appearance. 4. We were the delicious-looking food. 5. They were the poverty they saw abroad 6. He is his parents too much Its bad for his character 88 READ, READ, READ Task Find verbs in the text which could replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences. Write the appropriate form of each verb in the spaces provided. 1. The drug is quite safe, it has been tried to see how well it works several times. . (par C) 2. A good boss should not suppress new ideas . (par C) 3. Try to make efforts not to have accidents . (par C) 4. An officer must

know how to handle his men . (par C) 5. I suddenly became aware of a fat man sitting in the front row. . (par E) 6. He was not present at the meeting! . (par C) 7. Sony I didnt want to make you feel worried and unhappy (17ar C) 8. He strongly protested against his strict upbringing Task . (par C) Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word from the box. with • about • up (2x) • round (2x) • down • off • on 1. Ring the airport and find out when the plane takes off 2. Why dont you come to my flat this evening? 3. It is very impolite to put the phone somebody 4. What going to the dance with me on Saturday? 5. Dont get the line! I am still talking 6. Im going to my parents later 7. The missing boy turned an hour later 8. We all know how difficult it is to reason a fanatic person Task Twelve adjectives have been substituted by their noun forms in the following summary. Strike thro1:1gh these nouns and write the appropriate adjective forms above

them. Choose from the suffixes below to make the adjectives One has been done tor you as an example. -al • -less • -ive • -ful • -ible • -y • -ous passíve Ann is a passivity, response, autonomy person who decides to break the family pattern. Her mother has always been considered a music talent and her sister the temperament genius. One day Ann s sister rings and tells her in a tear voice that she has lost an orchestra job. She expects Ann to be support but Ann is very thought. Her sister gets anger and Ann feels power Next Sunday without any explanation she misses the family lunch but her mother is not hysteria. READ, READ, READ 89 Task Complete these lists by forming the adjective forms of each of the words in this list. expression • tame • cheese • child • nature • truth • rely • effect • ambition • beauty • s/eep • triend • norm • access -al -1ve -less -ful -able/ible -y -ous Task · · Fill in the gaps in the extract with one of the

linking expressions from the box below. norma/ly • that • but • and • too • instead ot • tor some reason • trom an ear/y age • tor the tirst time . G) I wanted to have pets parents. . ® ® I never told my I thought . @ they wouldnt like pets and I didnt want to upset them . @ I avoided reasoning, . ®· So . (J) asking for a pet, I decided to wait. I am 21 now, and . ® in my life I have got a nice, fat kitten. My parents came round to my flat the other day . ® said: We always wanted a pet! Why didnt you teli us you liked them? I was amazed ! Grammar reminder - Reporfed speech ·tJ:·.~<i · ~/,-S}, ";,,0;.J Task Read what Anons relatives (Task 1) tell him and how he reports it. Then change the direct speech into reported speech in the sentences below. • Edith: I wont phone up your brother because he doesnt phone me. • My mother (Edith) said she wouldnt phone up my brother because he didnt phone her. • Edith: Jennifer said

something very hurtful to me on the phone. • Edith said that Jennifer had said something very hurtful to her on the phone. 90 READ, READ, READ 1. Harry said to his wite, Im going to see my mother this evening it I can get away trom the office a little earlier. Have you any messages for her? Harry said to his wife that . 2. Why dont you go and push a baby-carriage? the taxi-driver said to the other driver angrily Youre not fit to drive a car. The taxi driver asked . 3. If you really think I said that about you, said Charles, Im not surprised that youre angry with me. But I assure you I did not Charles said that if . Follow-up activities 1. Read paragraphs F-H in the text The Life Doctor Act out the following dialogues Add as mony details as you want. • Day five: Ann and her sister • Day five: Ann and her mother • Day six: Ann and her father • Day seven: Ann and her mother 2. Summarise what the text The Life Doctor is about Discuss the following questions in pairs

or small groups. a) b) e) d) Do you agree that families stereotype family members? Why? What is your stereotyped role in your family (if any)? Can family members take different roles if somebody breaks the pattern? Why? What do you think about Anns experiment with her own family? 3. Write a composition of 150-200 words about what happened in Anns family after the experiment. 4. Read the following readers letter and write a reply of 100-150 words about what she should do. Despite 10 years of trying, plus some very unwelcome tips and sarcastic comments from certain members of my family, I am still unable to transfer milk from a bottle to a cup without getting it all over the floor. Is it just me, or is there some deep, dark conspiracy going on? Either way, can you help? I am at my wits end. MM (aged 12), London READ, READ, READ 91 UNIT 12 Conversations with virtual granny Before you read Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. 1. Make a list of some of

the functions of computers 2. Make a list of ten jobs in which people use computers Which functions of computers do these people use? 3. How can a computer be abused? 4. Have you heard of any crime that was committed with the help of a computer? 5. Do you have a computer at home? What do you use it for? 6. What does virtual reality mean? (You ca11 {t11d {111 expl{l/1mio11 /11 the Kev) 7. Look at the picture below and try to guess what the text is about Task The words in Column A are taken from the text. Match them with the expressions in Column B which have a similar meaning Column A 1. immortality 2. anima tion 3. footage 4. posthumous 5. interaction 6. tracking 92 Column B □ □ □ □ □ □ a) expect that sth will happen b) great enjoyment e) film or part of a film d) brought back to life again e) happening after death f) film in which drawings or puppets appear to move READ, READ, READ 7. anticipate 8. relish 9. appeal 10. resurrected 11. artificial intelligence 12.

screen legends D D D D D D g) attractiveness or interest h) following the marks or the movements of sth i) communicating or co-operating with each other j) living far ever, never dying k) capacity of machines to simulate intelligent human behaviour l) film stars Read the text Conversations with virtual granny Clive Cookson looks forward to an animated life after death 1 1 (Extract) You died 10 years aga. Sadly, the best 1 efforts of 21 st century medical technology could not keep you alive beyond the age of 120. But friends and relatives can stíl! interact with you, or rather with a hyper-realis- 5 tic computer animation of you, thanks to your "virtual immortality". The computer has processed all the available photographs and video footage taken during your lifetime, all the recordings of 10 your voice and much of what you wrote, including a long personal testament written far your electronic afterlife. It now has the essence of your looks, voice and character and can

chat realistically to anyone about 15 current events, from family gossip to international politics. Some people will be excited by the prospect of this sort of posthumous existence, some will be horrified - but no one 20 should dismiss it merely as science fiction. Computer scientists are making such rapid progress with human interactions that they are talking about virtual immortality as a serious prospect far the future. 25 "I think its a neat idea," says David Hogg, professor of artificial intelligence at Leeds University. "You could give the computer videos of granny, taken befare she died, and shed be able to talk back to you 30 as if she were alive." Hogg is one of those working "to equip a virtual human being with the ability to READ, READ, READ interact in a natural way". With his Leeds colleagues Neil Johnson and Aphrodite Galata, he has taught a computer to simulate convincingly one of the simpler farms of interaction: shaking hands. If you

shake hands with an imaginary partner, the Leeds computer will fill in the missing person on its screen. Although that may seem simple, the researchers had to work out an extremely complex algorithm (mathematical process) to enable the computer to "learn" the movements of handshaking by analysing video sequences of real people shaking hands. To supplement this work on gestures, the Leeds researchers recently moved on to the more challenging task of teaching a computer to simulate and respond to facial expressions, working with Chris Taylor at Manchester University who has developed a computerised face tracking system. While virtual immortality far the masses lies decades in the future, movie stars will not have to wait so long. Indeed, the Hollywood studios are already anticipating with relish the box office appeal of new films featuring resurrected screen legends such as Marilyn Monroe and Bruce Lee. 35 40 45 50 55 60 (Financial Times) 93 Check your understanding

Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false or not stated according to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided 1. The text suggests that 21 st century medicine may extend human life [- --] 2. If the computer can process enough data, it can create an animation of people [ 3. People can interact with each other after their deaths 4. The computer has a testament which regulates electronic afterlife 1 5. People will probably feel differently about virtual immortality 1 I 6. David Hogg finds the idea of virtual immortality unpleasant 7. David Hogg has recorded video sequences of real people shaking hands 1 8. Simulating facial expressions is more difficult than simulating gestures 1 9. The Hollywood Studios expect new Marilyn Monroe films to make a lat of money Task Answer the following questions in no more than five words. 1. What is virtual immortality? 2. What information does the computer need to be able to

animate a person? a) . ~ . e) . d) ····························································································································································· 3. What can an animated person talk about? a)····························································································································································· b) . 4. What are the people at Leeds University working on? 5. What did they need to teach the computer how to shake hands? 6. How can Chris Taylor contribute to the project? 7. Why do studios want to make new films with resurrected screen legends? 94 READ, READ, READ

Vocabulary development Task Underline the words in the text which end in -ment or -ion. Study what they mean in the text. Task Complete the following table by either the verb or the noun made from the given words. Verb Noun (-ment) Noun (-ion) interact animation excite equ1p simulate movement express develop anticipate resurrect Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word from the table in Task 6. 1. Men often do not want to their feelings explicitly 2. The for the new laboratory cost much more than we had expected 3 . games often help students to prepare for real life situations 4. Living in a big city offers a lot of to young people 5. A good general can what the enemy will do 6. Many scientists would like to a vaccine for AIDS 7. Roger Rabbit is a film that blended and film together 8. She was so frightened that she couldnt 9 . in Christianity is the event when Jesus came alive again three days after he was killed. 10. Human beings can with each

other by gestures and facial expressions, too READ, READ, READ 95 Task Look at the lists of words and complete the sentences below with either the adverbs or the adjectives. Adjective Adverb Adjective Adverb sad realistic mere sadly realistically merely convmcmg extreme recent convincingly extremely recently 1. He pu blished two new thrillers 2 . we dont seem to have much chance of winning the scholarship 3. She told a very story and we all believed it 4. Wed like to move next week, but we will have to wait until June 5. Im sorry but Im afraid I cant help 6. We thought it was painted by Gaugain, but in fact, it was a reproduction 7. lt was a accident that he found out the truth 8. The novel includes descriptions of how miners lived in the 19th century. 9. Im sorry, but Ive got some news for you 10. You must speak more if you want to make them buy the product Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing verb or noun in

the spaces provided. 1. process (line 8) 5. progress (line 23) 2. chat (line 15) 6. shake (li11e 38) 3. gossip (li11e 16) 7. screen (li11e 40) 4. prospect (line 19) 8. relish (line 60) . Task Use the words in the box either as nouns or verbs to fill in the gaps in the following sentences. face • gossip • process • progress • prospect • relish • screen • shake • supplement 1. Routine office jobs have no for me 2. A of the head means no in most European cultures 3. Most students their grants by working at the weekends or in their holidays 4. You cant accept your position and you cant improve it if you dont the facts füst 5. The window was broken and we used a to keep the cold off 6. Mankind seems to have made very little since the beginning of civilisation 7. The of finding a new job might be difficult for people in their forties 8. You shouldnt believe all the youve heard from your old aunties 9. How fast does the new computer the data? 96 READ,

READ, READ Task The words in Co/umn A have more than one meaning. Tick the meaning in Co/umn B to indicate the meaning these words have in the simplified sentences. Column A Column B 1. EFFORT Even the best efforts of 21st century technology cannot keep you alive for ever. a) use of strength and energy b) energetic attempt, struggle 2. REIATIVE Friends and relatives will be able to interact with you. a) comparative, being in relation to sth else b) person who is related to another 3. AVAIIABLE The computer has processed all the available photos. a) that can be used or obtained b) free to be seen or talked to 4. TESTAMENT I t has processed your testament which you wrote for your electronic afterlife. 5. ESSENCE The computer has the essence of your looks, voice and character. 6. CURRENT The computer can chat about current events. a) thing that proves that sth is true b) legal document in which a person tells what he wants to happen to his property after his death a) most

important quality of sth b) extract of a plant, drug, etc. a) happening now b) movement of water, air, electricity, etc. 7. EXISTENCE Some people will like the possibility of posthumous existence. a) state of existing b) way of living 8. DISMISS No one should dismiss this possibility as science fiction. a) remove sb or send sb away b) consider sb/sth not worth thinking about 9. NEAT Mr. Hogg says it is a neat idea a) tidy, arranged in an orderly way b) fine, splendid 10. ARTIFICIAL David Hogg is a professor of artificial intelligence. a) made by man, imitating sth natural b) affected, insincere 11. RESPOND Researchers try to teach a computer to respond to facial expressions. a) give a verbal or written answer b) act in answer to sth, behave in a similar way 12. MASS Immortality for the masses lies decades in the future. a) quantity of matter without a regular shape b) (the masses) general pu blic READ, READ, READ 97 Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences

with a word from Task 11. Use the correct form of the words. 1. Many Scottish people believe ín the of ghosts 2. I asked hím about his mother, but he didnt 3. You should turn to a lawyer if you think you have been unfairly 4. It is difficult to swim against the 5. I am far a job interview from 15 th March 6. They made every to help, but unfartunately, they couldnt 7 . pearls often look like real ones, and they are very expensive, too 8. She has very nice, writing Its easy to read 9. Could you buy some vanilla far the cake? 10. Truth is always 11. A of snow broke away and started an avalanche 12. When he heard the news, he wrote another Task Fill in the gaps with the words in the box below. You can use the same word more than once. at • back • beyond • in • to • with 1. A trip to the USA was belief when I was a young man 2. Thanks the bad weather, they had cancelled the faotball match 3. You shouldnt talk to your mother, Katie 4. She tried to smile a

natural way, but she couldnt 5. The patient responded very well the treatment 6. I studied history and arts university 7. Not all the soldiers were equipped guns and winter clothes 8. Could you fill this farm, please? 9. Can we move on the next question? 10. ln Africa people interact each other ín a different way Grammar reminder - Relative c/auses • Conditional Task Study the following extracts from the text (Column A) and how we can re-write them using a relative clause (Column B). Column A Column B The computer has processed all the photographs taken during your lifetime. The computer has processed all the photographs whích/that were taken during your lifetime. 98 READ, READ, READ You could give the computers videos of granny, takrn before she died. You could give the computers videos of granny 1dziclz/tlzat were/lzad been take11 before she died. Mr Hogg is one of those working "to equip a virtual human being with the ability to interact ina natural

way". Mr Hogg is a researcher who is workiltg "to equip a virtual human being with the ability to interact ina natural way". Hollywood Studios are anticipating the box office appeal of new films featuri11g resurrected screen legends. Hollywood Studios are anticipating the box office appeal of new films 1diich/tlzat fet1t11rc resurrected screen legends. Task Re-write the following sentences. Use which, that or who in your sentences if necessary. 1. The computer will process a persona! testament written for your electronic afterlife 2. The computer will use an algorythm worked out by a team of mathematicians 3. The computer analysed video sequences of real people shaking hands 4. They will use a computerized face tracking system developed by Chris Taylor from Manchester 5. New films using the animation of Marilyn Monroe may hit the box office in the near future 6. Many people are horrified by the progress made by computer scientists in recent years Task

Complete the following conditional sentences using the verbs in brackets. 1. If you shake hands with an imaginary partner, the Leeds computer (FILL) in the missing person on its screen. 2. If they use Taylors computerized face tracking system, the computer (RESPOND) to facial expressions. . 3. If the computer processes all the data about a person, it (BE ABLE) to chat realistically. 4. If they could make new films using animations of film stars, they (NOT PAY) so much to living actors. 5. If I were responsible for research, I (NOT GIVE) any money for such purposes READ, READ, READ 99 6. lf people were not interested, there (BE) no research 7. If they spent less money on projects like virtual immortality, they (CAN SPEND) more on saving peoples lives. 8. If they had used a computerised warning service, many people (SURVIVE) the tsunami in South Asia. 9. If people had received information intime, they (LEAVE) the seaside before the tsunami arrived. 10. lf they manage

to raise enough funds, they (DEVELOP) a new marine observation system Follow-up activities 1. Discuss the following questions in small groups • How does the Internet change our lives? • Printed books will soon be viewed as objects of art since people will rather use the computer ,f they need information or if they want to read fiction. Do you agree? • Computers will destroy human relationships. Do you agree with this statement? • What do you think of battery operated toys such as the one described below? Just Add Walking Somc virtual pcts requ1re constant button-pressing to keep them alive. Nintendos new Pokémon Pikachu just needs a daily walk to maintain the happiness of the tiny character that livcs inside the yellow device, which kids can attach to their pants like a pager. A built-in pedometer keeps track of how far youve travelled and converts your steps into ·watts", food for your pet Pikachu, a roly-poly gerbil-like creature. This pet has legs (Newsweelc) 2.

Your American friends ask you if they could send a Pokémon Pikachu ( described above) to your 10-year-old child/brother/sister as a birthday present. a) lf you like the idea, write a letter (in 120-150 words) of thanks in which you explain why you think it will be a good present for a kid. b) lf you dont like the idea, write a letter (in 120-150 words) to them and try to persuade them to choose something else as a present. Explain to them why you dont want your child/brother/sister to have a toy like that. 100 READ, READ, READ UNIT 13 Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters of the Universe Before you read Task Look at the pictures below and discuss in what ways your family Christmas is similar to/different from what you can see in the pictures. Task 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups. What is the nativity scene? Who and what can usually be seen ina nativity scene? Where and when can nativity scenes be seen? What was/is the purpose of

nativity scenes? What do you associate the nativity scene with? READ, READ, READ 101 Read the text Artist in travesty of the nativity scene asks: whats so offensive? Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters of the Universe By Kate Ginn A As nat1v1ty scenes go, it is perhaps a G Miss Wilson said: I see absolutely noth- touch on the modern side. The infant Jesus sports a punk hairstyle with a love heart on his face and his mother Mary is a Sindy doll. Barbies haver overhead dressed as angels and her long-time companion Ken is Joseph. The Wise Men are Masters of the Universe toys, while leopards, cows and three outsize kittens complete the picture. The scene, designed by two artists, was due to go on display to hundreds of schoolchildren at Strood library in Kent tomorrow. But last night, after Church leaders and councillors complained that it was in bad taste, it was banned. Keith Ferrin, deputy leader of Kent county council who ordered its removal, said: I feel it may be offensive

to some people and therefore it will not now go ahead. The Archdeacon of Rochester, the Ven Norman Warren, said: Some of the values associated with the toys might not be ones we would want to encourage. London-based artists Julia Wilson and Liz Kent were commissioned by the library and put the nativity together far f:100, using second-hand dolls. A second display was also made, featuring Captain Scarlet. ing offensive about our work. We are just trying to expand the Christian ideal of the nativity by making it more appealing to a modern audience. It shows the nuclear family, the depravation, but the magica! way all this turns out all right in the end. It is unusual but meant to be humorous. H But Kent County Councils art and libraries committee chairman Derek Dolding said: I really feel that it is not for adults to impose their interpretation on a traditional tale. I will be looking into how this came about. I John Banner, vicar of Holy Trinity Church in Turnbridge Wells, said: It is

like Father Christmas turning up in a limousine wearing a business suit. Due reverence should be paid to the Christ child and I dont think anything is gained by giving him a modern haircut. I think this is all in very bad taste. J The local authority said it was acting on concerns raised. It was quite a modern exhibition and some might appreciate it but other people might be offended, said a council spokesman. The last thing we want to do is offend people at Christmas. (Daily Maii) B C D E F 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Check your understanding Task Choose the best answers to these questions according to the text. Circle a), b), e) or d). 1. gave the artists the job of making a nativity display in the library a) The county council b) The library e) Church leaders d) It is not stated who 102 READ, READ, READ 2. decided not to allow the displaying of the nativity scene a) The local authority 6) The !i6rary e) Church leaders d) The childrens parents 3. a) 6)

e) d) The artists were given f100 . as payment far making the display. to cover the costs of the second-hand toys. as payment and to cover the costs. but it is not stated ifit is payment or costs or both. 4. Which ONE statement is NOT true? The artists say they wanted to a) be provocative to warn people of todays false values. 6) make a funny display. e) make Christianity more attractive to the people of today. d) display Christianity in a broader sense. Task Read what the following people say about the nativity display. lndicate if they like or dislike it or if their persona! opinion is not stated. Tick ( ✓} the appropriate boxes. Likes Dislikes Not stated 1. Kei th Ferrin 2. Norman Warren 3. Julia Wilson 4. Derek Dolding 5. John Banner 6. Council spokesman 7. Kate Ginn (the author o(the artic/e) Task Find the words in the text which the following words refer to. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. (/i11e 4) his 2. (li11e 6) her 3. (li11e lb) it 4. (line 16) it 5.

(li11c 18) its 6. (li11c 25) ones 7. (li11c 34) it 8. (línc 52) him 9. (li11c 54) it 10. (li11c 56) it READ, READ, READ 103 Vocabulary development Task Find the expressions from the text which match with the definitions below. Write them in the spaces provided. 1. (par B): make (sth) whole or perfect 2. (par E): give support, confidence or hope to sb 3 . (par F): give sb the job of doing sth 4. (par G): attractive, charming or interesting 5. (par G): group of people who gathered together to hear or watch sb/sth 6 . (par H): person in charge of a committee or meeting 7 . (par H): try to make people accept opinions, beliefs, etc as a rule or model to copy 8 . (par H): story, especially one involving adventure or magic Task Look at the two verb+noun partnerships below and guess their meaning from the context or check it in the dictionary. Then complete the two lists of verb+noun partnerships using the nouns in the box. to pay reverence to raise

concerns Due re1 ere11ce shou/d be paid to the Christ clzild. (par 1) Tlze loca/ authority s11id it was acti11g 011 concerns raised. (par J) 1 respects • doubts • affention • suspicion • a visít • a fuss • lip-service • fears to pay to raise . reverence . concerns Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with nouns from the box of Task 7 to make pay+noun or raise+noun partnerships. 1. He pays to feminism but his wife still does all the housework 2. Its certain mummy will raise when she learns you have broken her best vase 3. I live in the neighbouring village It would be nice if you paid me sometime 4. I paid very little to what I heard 5. The latest scientific discoveries raise about earlier theories 6. His tearful family came to pay their !ast 7. Nobody knew who had stolen the money but her strange behaviour raised 8. The increase of crime raised among the population 104 READ, READ, READ Task Look at the dictionary extracts below.

Choose the definition which most closely agrees with the meaning of the word in the text. 1. SPORT (par EJ a) Physical activity done for exercise or amusement: She plays a lot of sport. b) A particular game or pastime: Hockey footba/1 and te1111is area/! sports. e) Amusement, fun: do sth for sport say sth ín sport, ie not seriously d) Have or wear sth proudly for others to see: She s17orted a dia111011d rinF,. e) Play about, amuse oneself: Dolphins were sporting about i11 thc water. 1 1 2. DUE (ptlr CJ 3. DUE (par IJ a) Owed as a debt or obligation: Have they becn paid thc 111011ey due to thcm? b) Requiring immediate payment: My rc11t is11 t duc ti!! Monday. e) Scheduled, arranged, expected: The train is duc (ie scheduled to arrive) in five minutes. d) Suitable, right, proper: After duc co11sideratio11 thcv madc a decision. 1 4. ORDER (par DJ a) Give order to, command: The doctor ordered me to stay in bcd. b) Request sb to bring food, drink, etc in a hotel, restaurant, etc: Fve

ordered a steak. e) Put (sth) in order, arrange: I must lzave time to order my thoughts. 5. WAY (;Jar GJ a) Place for walking, travelling, etc along: a way across the fields b) Rou te (to be) taken in order to reach a place: the best quickest etc way from A to B e) Method or style of doing sth: What is the best way to clean tlzis? d) Particular aspect of sth: She helped us i11 every possible way. 1 1 6. MEAN (par GJ a) Signify sth: What does this v;•ord 111ea11? b) Intend sb/sth to be sb/sth: She was never meant to be a teacher. e) Unkind, nasty: !t was 111ea11 of vou to eat a// the food. d) Midway between two extremes, average: the mean annual temperature 7. ACT (par JJ a) Do sth, perform actions: The time far talkinF, is past ,re must act at once. b) Do wha t is expected of one as an official person: The políce refi1sed to act irithout morc evide11ce. e) Perform a part in a play or film: W!to is actinF, Hamlet? 1 8. CONCERN (;1ar JJ a) Worry, anxiety: There is no

co11siderable con- cern far their safety. b) Thing that is important or interesting to sb: What are your main co11cer11s as a writer? e) Company, business: the F,iant German chemical co11cer11 Hoechst 1 Task Match each underlined phrasal verb with an expression of similar meaning from the box below by writing a)-e) in the boxes on the right. Then use the phrasal verbs to complete the sentences below (1-5). a) examine sth • b) prove to be sth • e) happen • dJ take place • e) arrive It may be offensive to some people and it will not go ahead. (par DJ . the magica! way all this turns out all right in the end (par GJ I will be looking into . . how this came about (par HJ It is like Father Christmas turning up ina limousine wearing a business suit. (par IJ READ, READ, READ □ □ □ □ □ 105 1. Can you tel1 me how the acciclent ? 2. His clisappearance is being by the police 3. We invitecl her to clinner but she cliclnt even bother to 4. Despite the bacl weather

the garclen party will 5. If the clay to be wet we may have to change our plans Task The verbs in the box are taken from the text. These verbs + a preposition can make phrasal verbs. Find one verb for each box which can be used with the given prepositions and meanings. come • go • look • turn 1. 2. 3 . 4 . after Take care of oneself/sb forwarcl to Expect sth with pleasure through Examine or reacl sth quickly up Search for (a worcl or fact) in a clictionary or reference book clown Refuse sbs request or offer clown Acljust (a cooker, raclio, etc) to recluce the heat, noise, etc out Procluce over Do business worth (a specifiecl amount) to Go to sb/sth for help, aclvice, etc across Meet or fincl sb/ sth by chance back Become popular, successful or fashionable again rouncl Visit sb or a place up Be mentionecl or cliscussecl, arise for Choose sth off Make a suclclen, loucl noise, be sounclecl off Become unfit to eat or clrink, go bacl out

with Spencl time with sb ancl have a romantic relationship with hím Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. ln each case choose one expression from the box. Use the correct form of the verbs come across • come back • come round • come up • go for • go off (2x) • go out with • look after • look through • look forward to • turn down • turn out • turn over • turn to 1. The subject in conversation 2. The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm 3. Who will the chilclren while their mother is in hospital? 106 READ, READ, REAI: 4. The tactory 900 cars a week 5. Terry has been Sharon far six weeks 6. We are so much seeing you again 7. She her notes before the examination 8. He asked Jane to marry him but she him 9. Miniskirts are starting to 10. The more depressed he got, the more he drink 11. I an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning 12. Dont drink this milk It has 13. The company f 150 million a year 14. Why dont you to my

flat this evening? 15. I think IIl the fruit salad Task Find the expressions in the text which could replace the underlined expressions in the following letter. Write the words in the spaces provided 1. ············································ 2. ············································ 3. ············································ 4. ··········································· 5. ············································ 6 . 7. ··········································· 8. 9. ············································ 10. ······ ····································· 11.

············································ 12. ································· 13. ······················· Dear Est/wr, Two days a:JO I w-Ntt to tit.e, ül:muy w/m,-e, I saw two WOutel-ú with- a, /.ot oj used G) (jW,f F) toys a.rowul ~ . Atjirst I fowui it stYa11je, t/wi: grownrupi (2) (fWJ H) wen pfayi#j wit/.i toys but I realised they were, ~ a, ~ @ (fWJ j). Half a;-i lwur Úúe.r I saw tluy were, Út, fac.t ~ @) (fWJ F) a, /Ultwity sceKe,. TM duid ® (jW,f B) je,us /uul a, fwt,K na.irsty/,e, @ (fWJ I) a.l1Á MtUJ WtU a, Ciltdy ddL-! Her /2.usbaJ-Ul (jJ (fWJ B), Josepfi WM a, Km toy a.l1Á tite, three, Wue, Mm we.re, Maders oj t/2e, Urliv-erse, toys! AMj el,, ( Ba.rbws) were, naitjutj abov-e, them,@ (fWJ B) a.l1Á a, /ot oj t°l a.Jtiuw/4 were, arowui tneu{, lt WtU Y&Úlf~ @ (fWJ y) l1t, tit.e, ~ I toLd my Mf,(,U(, about t/2e, scelth s/u, tlwtks it u upµiWtg @ (jW,f D)

aJUl peopú slwuLd fMY ~ @ (fWJ I) to C/uütialti.ty A~way, it u r&ÚIJ cmy e,xtraordiluuy@ (fWJ g). Couw al1Á see, it Lov-e, P.S: Sop/-iie, urtjortUJUJ.1:e/y you, wil1 MOt be, ab/,e, to see, it I lw11-ejust 1-i-eard tlwi: t/2e, dupfay luu be,mforbiddeJi@ (fWJ C). rttdrawit far yot0 OK? READ, READ, READ 107 Task Compare Sophies drawing with paragraph B of the article and find the 3 differences. Write them in the spaces below 1. ····························································································································································· 2.

····························································································································································· 3. ····························································································································································· Task ln Column A you can find words from the text. Fill the gaps in Column B with the correct form of each word. Column A Column B 1. COUNCILLOR The local . is in charge of repairing roads 2. TO COMPLAIN It is a common . that children lack discipline 3. TO BAN There was no . on smoking cigarettes 4. VALUE They could give . help and practical advice 5.

TO EXPAND He studies the . of gases 6. TO GAIN One mans loss is another mans . 7. AUTHORITY I have . him to act for me while I am away 8. EXHIBITION The young painter has . his work in several galleries 9. TO APPRECIATE Please accept this gift in of all you have done for us 10. TO SPEAK He made a very boring after-dinner . Grammar reminder - May • Might • Should • Would Task Study the following simplified sentences from the text. Use may, might, should or would in the sentences below. ! feel it may !1e offen5ive to 5ome people . (par D) Some of the value5 a550ciated with the toy5 might not be one5 txe would wa11t to e11co11mge. (11t1r E) Duc revercncc should be paid to Chri5(5 child . (par I) lt wa5 quite a modern exhibition and 50111e might appreciate it but othcr people might be of(ended. (17ar }) 1 1 1 1 1 1. She rather earn less money than spend extra time at work 2. He said that you make five copies 3 . we camp in your field, please? Of course, you

but you mustnt light open fires. 4. If you believed their excuses, you be a fool 5. She have caught the early train If so, shell be here at any moment now 6 . anyone ask for me, please say that Ill be back in an hour 7 . you make some tea, please? 8. For the little extra itll cost, we just as well stay for another night 108 READ, READ, READ Follow-up activities 1. a) Discuss in pairs or in small groups what you think about the display and how people reacted to it. b) Hold an open council meeting about banning or allowing the display. Use the information in the article but you can also invent details. Possible roles: • Representative of the library • Leader of county council • The artist(s) • Vicar • Representative of parents • Other 2. a) Write a letter of complaint to the local council against the display, which you heard would be on display in a few days time. Give your reasons for rejecting the idea of a display of this kind. (100-150 words) b) Write a letter

to the local newspaper in defence of the display and protest against banning it. Give your reasons why it should not have been banned (100-150 words) e) Write a composition describing what you think about banning pieces of art referring to the particular case of the nativity scene. (150-200 words) d) Reply to Sophies letter in Task 14. Give your opinion on what she wrote about Describe an exhibition/displa y/performance you have recently seen and liked/ disliked very much. (150-200 words) READ, READ, READ 109 UNIT 14 Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts Before you read Task 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups. What do you know about the history of smoking? How does nicotine affect the human body (heart, lung, brains, skin, voice, fertility, tasting)? How does smoking affect non-smokers? Why do many young people start smoking? Why is it difficult to give up smoking? List the methods/techniques how people may try to quit smoking. What

advice could you give to people who would like to quit smoking? Task Check if you understand what the following expressions mean before you read the text. ban (v) (orbit( order not to do sth terms (11) a pcriod o( tim e csp. o( a formai agrcc111e11t reiterate ~ ~ (v) say again several timcs abstain (v) rcfúsc to takc part (11) ordcr directive wlzich gives gencml or dctailcd i11structio11s blatantly (adv) obviously and without caring subsidize (v) to give moncy to an industry which nccds help 110 READ, READ, READ Read the text Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts By Toby Heím EU correspondent ín Brussels 1 EUROPEs health ministers voted last night to ban tobacco advertising throughout the EU after agreeing that Formula One motor racing could be exempted far eight years. Under the deal, reached after a day of frantic negotiations in Brussels, newspapers and magazines will be allowed to continue advertising tobacco products far the next faur years. Tessa Jowell, the

public health minister, described the outcome as a "very good deal far public health". She said:" We have got the protection we are seeking and the flexibility far Formula One and we are delighted." Padraig Flynn, the EU commissioner far social affairs, described it as a huge day far the health of the European Community. After 12 hours of talk, the 15 ministers agreed the package allowing countries three years to implement a general ban on tobacco advertising, after the law comes into effect next year. Newspapers will be allowed a further year befare they have to end advertising. Sponsorship of sporting and other events can continue far two more years, giving them a five-year exemption. Formula One benefits from an additional clause giving events organised "at world level" a further three-year period of grace. Ms Jowell had made an initial bid far Formula one to be exempted far 10 years. ( ) Under the terms of the directive, tobacco advertising will be

allowed only at the point of sale of specialist magazines. Germany and Austria were the only two countries to vote against the ban. Denmark and Spain abstained. Spain had earlier thrown the complex arithmetic of voting into chaos by withdrawing support far the move and announcing it would abstain. EC officials said this would wreck the deal. READ, READ, READ During angry scenes at the Council of Ministers building, Germany, Europes largest cigarette producer, was being accused of backstage deals with Madrid. One theory was that Spain was offered guarantees by Bonn that it would not push far reductions in the huge sums of EU aid to Spain during negotiations on expansions of the community in return far Madrids last minute switch. The move by Spain meant that unless Britain and Greece - which was also threatening to vote against - could be won round, the directive would fall. ln order to win Greeces support, the Luxembourg presidency agreed to ease proposed restrictions on advertising

in front of shops that sell tobacco products. The German health mm1ster, Horst Seehofer, reiterated Bonns opposition to the proposed ban, which he said was "blatantly contradictory", with the EUs payment of more than a billion dollars a year to subsidise tobacco production. ( ) Ms Jowell had argued that unless Formula One was given a lengthy period to find nontobacco sponsorship, the sport would simply move to Asia with the loss of thousands of jobs in Britain and other EU states. Luxembourg also revised a section of the directive designed to prevent companies marketing cigarettes and other products, such as clothes, drinks or perfumes, under the same name. The move aimed to prevent other companies fallowing the lead of Marlboro and Camel, which have established clothes lines in order to promote their cigarettes. (Daíly Telegraph) 111 Check your understanding Task lndicate in the chart how each country voted on the issue of banning tobacco advertising. Complete the

chart using information from the text Country Voted yes Didnt vote Voted no Austria Britain Denmark Germany Greece Luxembourg Spain Task Complete the following sentences with a figure from the text. 1. There is/are year(s) until the law on tobacco advertising comes into force 2. Member countries will have year(s) to implement the ban 3. Magazines and newspapers will have to stop advertising cigarettes in years time 4. Advertising at sports events will be allowed for year(s) after the general ban is introduced 5. World events will be exempted for year(s) Task Answer the following questions in no more than eight words. 1. Why was it important to give an exemption to Formula One? 2. Where will they allow tobacco advertising after the full force of the law comes into effect? 3. What caused uncertainty at the end of the negotiations? 4. Why does Germany oppose the ban? 5. What might have made Spain change its opinion at the !ast minute? 6. How did they try to influence

Greeces opinion/decision? 7. What does the German Health Minister think about the ban? 112 READ, READ, READ 8. Why was it important to keep Formula One in Europe? 9. How can tobacco companies promote their brands without advertising cigarettes? Vocabulary development Task Fill in the chart with the correct forms of the given words from the text. Verb Noun(s) Noun (person) Adjective advertise negotiation protection additional initial restriction propose presidency expans1on rev1se prevent promote Task Fill the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. expansion • initiative • negotiation • presidency • promote • propose • protection • restriction • revise 1. There will be a election in the US next year 2. Driving is to 130 km an hour on the highway in Hungary 3. The on cutting marketing costs has been rejected 4. To get the job you must be motivated and must show 5. No compensation will be paid unless they wore

clothes 6. If you are expected to with people from South America, it is highly advisable to learn about their culture. 7. The company has its trading activities into the neighbouring countries 8. Several had to be made to the plan 9. ln Japan is related to seniority READ, READ, READ 113 Task Match the words in Co/umn A with the definitions in Co/umn B by writing 1-9 in the boxes provided. Some words have more than one meaning One is done for you Column A 1. outbreak 2. outcome 3. outfit Column B □ □ □ a) the outer areas of a town b) person visiting a hospital far treatment but not living there e) set of clothing or equipment used far a special purpose 4. outskirts [I] d) effect or result 5. outlet □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ e) sudden and violent breaking out 6. outline 7. outlook 8. outpatient 9. output f) a way out, e. g far water g) quantity of goods produced h) line which shows shape i) what seems likely to happen j) a shop k) view on which one

looks out 1) the infarmation produced from a computer m) the main points, e. g far an essay or lecture Task Use the following linking expressions to combine the half-sentences in Columns A and B. The sentences are jumbled ColumnA 1. Nicotine is an addictive poison Column B WHICH a) you can reduce the risk of heart disease. 2. Tobacco smoke is packed with poisons THAT b) they can affect the quality of your life. 3. These diseases are not always fatal BUT 4. Carbon monoxide is released 5. Smokers are more likely to die 6. Sidestream smoke also contains harmful substances 7. You will enjoy faod much more 8. You should stop smoking immediately WHEN BEFORE e) it is not filtered. d) you can really taste again. e) makes the heart beat faster. f) tobacco burns. AS BECAUSE g) they retire. h) can damage the heart and blood vesSO THAT sels. Task Fill the gaps with the words in the box below. You may have to use the same word more than once. against • at • tor • from •

into • of • on • with 1. The ban advertising will not come farce this year 2. Padraig Flynn agrees the public health minister that it was a good deal 3. Sporting events will be exempt a few more years 114 READ, READ, READ 4. Advertising will be allowed the point of sale only 5. Some countries voted the ban for economic reasons 6. Germany has been accused concluding a private deal with Spain 7. The ban is contradictory some other EU decisions 8. Formula One can benefit the flexibility of the package Grammar reminder - lnfinitive and -ing structures • Conditional Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the appropriate form of the verbs given. You will have to use either the infinitive or the -ing form of the verbs 1. Newspapers and magazines can continue tobacco products for a few more years. (PROMOTE) 2. Luxembourg agreed restrictions on advertising (EASE) 3. The agreement will allow tobacco companies their products at Formula One (ADVERTISE) 4.

They want to prevent companies clothing products under the 6rand names of cigarettes. (LAUNCH) 5. Germany and Austria decided no to the 6an (SAY) 6. Luxembourgs proposal aimed Greeces support (WIN) 7. When the law comes into full force, it will allow only at the point of sale (ADVERTISE) 8. Gcrmany was accused of a 6ackstage deal with Spain (MAKE) 9. Many people think they should end alcoholic drinks as well (ADVERTISE) 10. Some countries were threatening against the ban at the very !ast minute (VOTE) Task 1. a) b) e) Choose the best alternative a-c) to complete the sentences below. Unless Britain and Greece could be won round, the directive . fall would will should 2. If Formula One given enough time to find sponsorship, the sport would move to Asia. a) wouldnt be 6) wasnt e) hadnt been 1 3. a) 6) e) If Greece . against the proposal, the deal could have been wrecked voted had voted would vote READ, READ, READ 115 4. a) b) e) If car racing moves to Asia, Britain .

many jobs loses will lose would lose 5. a) b) e) Many people wish they . smoking had never started could never start never started 6. a) b) e) If his wife hadnt supported him, he . smoking couldnt have given up wouldnt be able to give up wouldnt have been able to give up 7. a) b) e) Some people think fewer young people . if cigarettes were more expensive would smoke smoked can smoke 8. a) b) e) I wish anti-smoking campaigns . more successful would be were can be Follow-up activities /:~ . · · 1. Give your opinion about the following statements Work in small groups a) b) e) d) Children are more likely to smoke if their parents do. N icotine is addictive like alcohol or drugs. Civing up smoking is a matter of will-power. Advertising is often unethical because it tries to manipulate people. 2. Write a paragraph of approximately 120-150 words for the Readers Page of your daily paper. Tell them if you agree or disagree with the opinion below Give your reasons. DeaY .

IrvyuterM.j í paperyou, 1uoted the, rtare#Wt± of the, p-okMUú:Uf,, oj a, tob~ COt11fMY wlw raid to the, r~rter: ,,Ifyou, baii, tob~ advertuutj, you, dwuld baii, advertuutj clwcoúu:e, aJUl rweei:r or aLco/wűe, druth tU weft. T/uy Me, aúo badfor lte.:iitl-v ,, I t/ti,;c,k . 116 READ, READ, READ 3. Look at the advertiseme nt below Discuss in pairs or in small groups what it suggests and if you find it effective. 4. Find an advertiseme nt in a magazine Discuss the following questions in small groups. • What product does it advertisec What information can you find in the advertisemcnt ahout the productr~ • Who/What target group is the advertisement aimed atC:• How does the advertiser try to promote sales in this advertisement c • Do you find it effectivec • How can you improve the advertisement c READ, READ, READ 117 KEYS UNIT 1 1 Swissair lntensifies Unicef Commitmen t Task 1 le • 2a • 3d • 46 2 Task 3 le • 26 • 3a Task 4 1. Swissair • 2

collections • 3 idea • 4 passenger • 5 passenger • 6 change • 7 envelopes • 8 envelopes Task 5 1. noun • 2 noun • 3 noun • 4 verb • 5 noun • 6 verb • 7 verb • 8 verb • 9 noun • 10 verb Task 6 1. support • 2 campaign • 3 place • 4 experience • 5 change • 6 land • 7 hands • Not used: return, trip Task 7 1. intensive • 2 commit • 3 expansion • 4 flying • 5 collection • 6 contribution • 7 improvement • 8. content Task 8 1. over • 2 be carried out/take place • 3 approximately • 4 coins • 5 amount • 6 hand • 7 flight attendant • 8 entire • 9 turned over • 10 worldwide Task 9 1. As of • 2 within the framework • 3 The idea behind • 4 instead of • 5 For this purpose • 6. Thanks to Task 10 1. The professor was hit by three snowballs 2. These bottles cannot be opened easily by children 3. His arai exam was being discussed right in front of him by his teachers 4. A love letter had been slipped under the door 5.

The fines will be collected on Tuesday 6. Ali the homemade cookies have been eaten by my son 7. Pat is being interviewed at the moment 8. That door mustnt be used by customers 9. A road was built right outside her front door by the government 10. His birthday will be celebrated on Saturday UNIT 2 Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back Task 2 Water sports Athletic sports diving rowing sailing surfing «wimming water-polu READ, READ, READ high-jump long-jump horse-riding running throwing the iavelin Team sports Winter sports basketball football handball ice-hockey volleyball water-polo ice-hockey skating skiing Fighting sports Country sports aikido boxing judo karate wrestling fishing golf horse-riding hunting shooting 121 Task 3 1. boxing coach/social worker • 2 social worker/boxing coach • 3 boxing club • 4 females/girls/ women • 5. have been bullied/are being bullied • 6 defend • 7 their self-confidence/self-esteem • 8. hates • 9 given/taught •

10 rules • 11 into shape • 12 their heads high 2 Task 4 1. Women-Only boxing club • 2 youngsters • 3 (bullied) kids • 4 son of a primary-school teacher • 5. primary-school teacher • 6 primary-school teachers daughter • 7 son of a primary-school teacher • 8. kids Task 5 1. female • 2 confidence • 3 sparring • 4 handle • 5 subsequently • 6 work out • 7 don • 8 boost Task 6 1. advocate of • 2 boost • 3 surrounding • 4 subsequently • 5 desire • 6 balance • 7 inflicting Task 7 1. defence • 2 equipment • 3 movement • 4 judge • 5 impression • 6 society • 7 pressure • 8. enjoyable Task 8 1. away • 2 off • 3 on • 4 over • 5 round • 6 through • 7 after • 8 in • 9 off • 10 off • 11 over • 12. up • 13 up • 14 to Task 9 1. take • 2 get • 3 taken • 4 taken • 5 took • 6 get • 7 takes • 8 get • 9 take • 10 getting • 11. take • 12 getting • 13 got Task 10 1. by • 2 to • 3 back • 4

- • 5 up/- • 6 out • 7 on • 8 up • 9 into Task 11 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ali the neighbours can hear him sing opera arias in the bathroom. Nobody saw the car crash into the wall. I saw them walk/walking hand in hand. We could hear them quarrel/quarrelling !ast night. Her parents didnt notice her come home. Task 12 1. 2. 3 4. 5. 6. 7. This is believed to be the best solution. He is thought to earn a fortune in his new position. He is considered to be a good maths teacher. Top managers are thought to have a comfortable life. He is thought to have died at the front. Maths and physics are considered to be difficult subjects. Peter was believed to have stolen the bicycle. Task 13 1. to defend • 2 to tel1 • 3 quitting moving • 4 wrestling • 5 to drink • 6 bullying • 7 to join • 8. to play • 9 turning • 10 dancing • 11 to enter • 12 smoking • 13 to say • 14 talking 122 READ, READ, READ UNIT 3 Good Eggs Task 1 Mammals Reptiles Birds Fish lnsects

Mollusks bear dolphin donkey antelope mouse lion fox giraffe sheep guinea-pig lizard snake crocodile turtle turkey swallow duck parrot eagle sparrow salmon carp mosquito butterfly snail octopus 3 Task 3 1. F • 2 T • 3 F • 4 T • 5 F • 6 T • 7 F Task 4 1. The skin of a dino embryo 2. a) How they developed b) Their behaviour. 3. A set of embryos representing development 4. Its not threatened by development/poachers / It has been made a reserve 5. Development or poachers may destroy it / The place may be destroyed Task 5 1. fossil • 2 flood plain • 3 skeleton • 4 exquisitely • 5 specimen • 6 clue • 7 hatch • 8 fend for oneself • 9. poacher • 10 paleontologist Task 6 1b • 2a • 3a • 4a • 56 • 6a Task 7 1. dubbed • 2 deposits • 3 stage • 4 relatives • 5 recover • 6 reserve • 7 stage • 8 deposit • 9. relatíve • 10 recovered • 11 dubbed • 12 reserve Task 8 Expression in the text 1. announced 2. preserved 3. excites

Verb Noun announce announcer, announcement preserve preserve, preservation excite excitement, excitedness excited, exciting science, scientist scientific 4. scientists Adjective 5. construct construct constructor, construction constructive 6. representing represent representative, representation representative 7. threatened threaten threat threatening, threatened 8. established establish establishment READ, READ, READ 123 Task 9 1. announcer • 2 preserve • 3 excitement • 4 scientific • 5 construction • 6 representatives • 7. threatening • 8 establishment 3 Task 11 1. The discovery an1101111ccd /ast week caused a great excitement in the world 2. The eggs deposited a/ong a flood plain were found by an international expedition 3. The fossils recovcred a/ong a f!ood 11/ain /11 Argentina are 70 to 90 million years old 4. The site d11bbed Auca 1vlahueo is situated near to a river in Argentína 5. The embryo skin found /11 Argentina will help

scientists understand how dinosaurs changed as they grew 6. The rcco1ered specimens may enable scientists to construct a complete "ontological series" 7. There are many fossil beds threatened by development and poachers in the world 8. The 11cwlv estt1b/ished dinosaur reserve will attract both scientists and tourists in the future 4 UNIT4 Drunken wifes smash with police Task 2 Task 3 lg • 2c • 31 • 4k • 5e • 6j • 7f • 8a • 9h • 10b • 1 li • 12d 124 READ, READ, READ 1 Task 4 Text 1 Text 2 Both 1. What is Ms Forbes job? ✓ charity worker/fund ra1ser 2. Which road was Ms Forbes driving on? ✓ A1 3. How fast was she driving before the accident? ✓ 4. How fast was the police car driving before the accident? ✓ 5. Where was the police car going to before the accident? ✓ 100 mph ✓ 7. Was anyone in the police car hurt in the accident? ✓ ✓ the driver three 9. Where had she drunk the two bottles of wine? ✓ a charity

night/ a party/Sower by 10. What did Ms Forbes tel1 her husband at the party? ✓ 11. How far does Ms Forbes live from 1. the place of the party? 12. Had she recently caused other car accidents? 4 to an accident 6. Was Ms Forbes hurt in the accident? 8. How many times did she go around the roundabout? Neither ✓ 5 miles ✓ No (clean driving record) Task 5 1. heading for • 2 drink-drive limit • 3 traffic sign • 4 depression • 5 disqualified Task 6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. (par A) (pm B) (tit/e of Text 2) (par F) (pm L) (par M) (pm AJ) Column A Column B smashed in to crashed into hit struck was clipped hit crashing into a drunk woman & a police car she & a road sign wrong-way driver & police car a woman & a police car her Ford Escort & a police Volvo estate the police car & the central crash barrier Forbes & a traffic sign Task 7 1. excess • 2 injury • 3 charity • 4 scene • 5 court • 6 accident • 7 report • 8 community

service • 9. limit • 10 probation • 11 jail • 12 injury READ, READ, READ 125 Task 8 1. attended • 2 received • 3 suffer • 4 pleaded • 5 accept • 6 banned • 7 hear • 8 expect • 9. put • 10 arrested • 11 ordered • 12 defended • 13 headed • 14 spin Task 9 Traffic - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - Law 4 Road Car Accident Person Decision Place northbound carnageway road sign dual carnageway traffic sign central crash barrier roundabout police car tyre driver injury crash scene smash spin around hit struck clipped judge arrest ban probation disqualify community serv1ce court jail Traffic law blood alcohol limit driving record drink-drive limit dangerous driving excess alcohol Task 10 1. at • 2 in • 3 for • 4 in • 5 away • 6 towards • 7 up/along • 8 into • 9 near • 10 to • 11. at • 12 over • 13 around • 14 along/up • 15 on • 16 around • 17 into • 18 over • 19 in • 20. from Task 11 1i • 2f • 36

• 46 • 5a • 6c • 7d • Se • 9g Task 12 1. carry through • 2 set off • 3 ended off • 4 setting against • 5 carried off • 6 set up • 7. end up • 8 Carry on • 9 ended in Task 13 Simple Past Past Continuous Past Perfect drove, struck, carried on, went, crashed, drank was travelling, was suffering had attended, had expected Task 14 1. was • 2 was falling • 3 was sitting • 4 was feeling • 5 had just heard • 6 had won • 7 was thinking • 8. pulled 126 READ, READ, READ UNIT 5 Butt seriously this is worth f 1,500 Task 3 1. NS • 2 F • 3 T • 4 NS • 5 F • 6 T • 7 T • 8 T Task 4 (suggested answers) 1. An auction house 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. They were rubbish. Evian mineral water. A (Winston) cigarette Two cushion covers. Less than f2,500. Task 5 1a • 2h • 3e • 4 j • 5k • 6c • 71 • 8f • 9d • 10g • 11 b • l 2i Task 6 5 1. butt/cigarette end • 2 hat/boater • 3 glasses/spectacles • 4 mat/rug • 5.

sign/autograph • 6 sell for/go for/make/fetch Task 7 1. adorned • 2 demand • 3 Customers • 4 straw boater • 5 item • 6 fist • 7 cushions • 8. respected • 9 eager • 10 mat Task 8 1. to • 2 in • 3 for • 4 to • 5 on • 6 in • 7 to/for • 8 with • 9 on • 10 up • 11 for • 12 under Task 9 1. Memorabilia offered for sale by two farmer housekeepers was branded "discarded rubbish" by the smger. 2. This gnarled-looking Winston was snatched by the boxer now known as Muhammad Ali from the mouth of boxing historian Hank Kaplan . 3. a pair of the boxers old training wraps (used to protect his fists) were snapped up for f400 4. This black lacquered Chinese-style box was used by Hendrix to stash his drugs 5. a pair of Lennons spectacles - was recently sold by Bonhams for f2,070 Task 10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. was smoked by John Lennon. was signed by the Beatles. were offered for sale by the housekeepers is/was adorned by a trace of lipstick was

worn by Madonna on a tour in 1987 were made by Burdons wife was filled in and signed by Lennon Task 11 1. When my aunt died all her paintings were sold at an auction 2. $79 million was paid for a Renoir at Chrisites 3. The old photos and letters have never been recovered 4. A lot of nice furniture can still be found in English country houses 5. Very few masterpieces are sold at auction houses these days 6. Two cushion covers were made for Hendrix by Eric Burdons wife 7. Most of the carpets and rugs are woven by young children in some countries 8. A lot of tests have been done to find out ifit is really as old as they say 9. The auctioneer says he is not sure that all the items will be bought 10. The house must be offered for sale if we want to pay all our debts 11. The walls should be painted before you move in READ, READ, READ 127 Follow-up 1 A painting 6y Van Gogh - $82 million A tin replica of the 1966 World Cup - f:254,500 A stale slice of the Duke of Windsors wedding cake -

f:16,500 Dr Crippens watch - fl0,300 The foot6aller Eric Cantonas strip - f2, 185 UNIT 6 Dentists painful way to extract payment Task 2 ld • 2c • 3g • 4f • 56 • 6a • 7e Task 3 la • 2c • 3c • 46 • 5a • 6c • 76 • Se 5 6 Task 4 1. 6reach confidentiality • 2 charge patients • 3 received treatment • 4 keep appointments • 5. clear de6ts • 6 provide incentive Task 5 1. pu6lish • 2 displaying • 3 collection agency • 4 pay up • 5 chance • 6 declined • 7 o6jection Task 6 1. movement, imprisonment • 2 actor, sailor • 3 action, creation, exhi6ition • 4 royalist, novelist, 6iologist, exhi6itionist • 5 royalty, certainty • 6 6ankruptcy, infancy • 7 patience, tolerance Task 7 1. up • 2 off • 3 off • 4 up • 5 out • 6 6ack • 7 out • 8 over Task 8 1. fall • 2 write • 3 hit • 4 paid • 5 hit • 6 written • 7 paid • 8 fell Task 9 1. in • 2 for • 3 on • 4 out • 5 at • 6 6ack • 7 with • 8 after/for

• 9 out • 10 off • 11 for • 12 of • 13. for • 14 for • 15 for/of • 16 across • 17 to • 18 through Task 10 1f • 2g • 3a • 4h • 5d • 6c • 76 • Se Task 11 Health: painful, to extract, dentist, patient, surgery, dental treatment, health watchdog, patient confidentiality, waiting room, tooth, to receive treatment, dental profession, hypnosis technique, to relax, injection, appointment, dental practice, to practise Payment: pay up, de6t, warning letter, de6t collector, to clear de6ts, de6tor, collection agency, 6alance, to write off, to charge, to cost, 6ill, financially Task 12 1. Why dont you get Nicole to come to the party- 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I couldnt get the car to start this morning. He got his sister to help him with his homework. You will never get him to understand. Could you get your parents to 6uy you a horse for ChristmasWe will get some friends to look after our dog while we are away. 128 READ, READ, READ Task 13 1. I have my windows washed

every month 2. They had the man arrested 3. That tooth is giving you a lot of trou6le; you should have it extracted 4. They couldnt find a house to suit them so they will have a new one 6uilt 5. I am having my shoes repaired 6. If you hate cleaning fish why dont you have them cleaned in the shop? UNIT 7 Quick gun check system crawls to a start Task 2 16 • 2a • 36 • 4a • 5a • 6a Task 3 le/h • 2h/e • 36 • 4j • 5d • 6a • 71 •Be• 9f • lOi • llg • 12k Task 4 1. crawl • 2 supposed to • 3 check • 4 licensed gun dealer • 5 disqualification • 6 felony • 7 conviction • 8 domestic • 9 a6use • 10 purchase • 11 hunting • 12 rifle 6 Task 5 la • 2a • 36 • 4a • 56 • 66 • 7a Task 6 7 Verb Noun Adjective nationalise nation national reduce reduction lose crime criminal criminal loss loser fost nerve deal dealer manage manager management complain complaint complainant own owner ownership supply supply supplier

design design designer reason READ, READ, READ reason nervous managerial reasona6le 129 replace replacement approve approval deny denial record record recorder recording Task 7 1. nationalised • 2 reductions • 3 Crime • 4 lose • 5 nervous • 6 complaint • 7 ownership • 8. suppliers • 9 replacement • 10 approval • 11 denial • 12 recorder Task 8 1. noun • 2 noun • 3 noun • 4 verb • 5 noun • 6 verb • 7 noun • 8 noun • 9 noun • 10 verb • 11. verb • 12 noun Task 9 1. supplying • 2 purchased • 3 reasoning • 4 check • 5 move • 6 design 7 abuse • 8 lined • 9. range • 10 file Task 11 1f • 2g • 3a • 4h • 5b • 6c • 7d • 8i • 9e • 10k • 11 j 7 Task 12 1. unemployed people • 2 written examination • ? lost property • 4 ageing society • 5 broken marriages • 6 waiting list • 7 well-paid job • 8 hiding place • 9 feeding bottle • 10 running water • 11. split personality 8 UNIT 8

Thefts are a bad sign for tourists Task 2 A) Cycling • B) music • C) shopping • D) Walking • E) food • F) pubs • G) literature Task 3 1. T • 2 F • 3 NS • 4 T • 5 F • 6 F • 7 NS • 8 NS • 9 T • 10 T Task 4 1. countryside • 2 overseas • 3 roadside • 4 outbreak • 5 crossroads • 6 placename • 7 headache • 8. endless Task 5 1. pub • 2 county • 3 area • 4 problem Task 6 1. named • 2 sign • 3 lacking • 4 sensed • 5 costs • 6 trouble • 7 cause • 8 targeted Task 7 1. irons iron • 2 interior interior • 3 official official • 4 local locals • 5 quiet quiet Task 8 1. wander • 2 vogue • 3 quaint • 4 obscure • 5 destination • 6 major • 7 authority • 8. spokesman • 9 environment • 10 fraught • 11 prime • 12 light-fingered • 13 area • 14 trouble 130 READ, READ, READ Task 9 Verb Noun Noun (person) Adjective steal, thieve theft thief stealing, stolen attract attraction decorate

decoration decorator decorative create creation creator, creature creative grow growth grower growmg, grown confirm confirmation complain complaint complainant complaining visit visit visitor visiting, visited suspect suspicion suspect suspic1ous shorten shortage attractive confirmed short 1. shorten • 2 complain • 3 confirmed • 4 creative • 5 thief thief • 6 decorator • 7 grow • 8. suspect Task 10 1. Placenames • 2 trouble • 3 overseas • 4 unusual • 5 endless • 6 countryside • 7 suspect • 8 headache • 9 destination • 10 road sign • 11 obscure/quaint/ 12 quaint/obscure • 13 fraught • 14 road sign • 15. sense of direction • 16 baffled • 17 roadside • 18 pub• 19 local • 20 shortages Task 12 1. havent gone • 2 died • 3 have borrowed • 4 was • 5 havent had • 6 have just come • 7 was • 8. feel/felt 8 9 UNIT 9 Tales of the unexpected Task 3 1. F • 2 T • 3 F • 4 NS • 5 T • 6 F • 7 T

• 8 T Task 4 1. Being anaemic 2. Missing of periods (irregular periods) 3. Eating more than usual (Stuffing your face) 4. Weight gain 5. Nausea/feeling queasy 6. Throwing up 7. Odd stomach flutter 8. Size of breasts Task 5 1. Helen Essex • 2 the women whove been pregnant • 3 the women whove been pregnant • 4 pregnancy • 5 stomach cramps • 6 stuffing my face • 7 stomach flutter • 8 such a case READ, READ, READ 131 Task 6 1. wasnt aware/didnt know • 2 degree • 3 quarters • 4 graduated • 5 stomach cramps • 6. increasing • 7 finals • 8 queasy • 9 concealed • 10 rare Task 7 1c • 2a • 36 • 4c • 5a Task 8 1. expectancy • 2 aware • 3 sceptical • 4 resignation • 5 graduation • 6 complaints • 7 suspect • 8. expertise Task 9 1. of • 2 to • 3 from • 4 off • 5 of • 6 to • 7 on Task 10 1. put a few people up/put up a few people • 2 put out the fire/put the fire out • 3 put off/put the interviews off • 4. throw her off •

5 threw himself into work • 6 put her sickness clown to drinking too much • 7. puts out/puts 3,000 6icycles out • 8 threw away (all the opportunities) • 9 put aside/put some of your salary aside • 10. putting harci work into improving • 11 put me out Task 11 1. refuse • 2 have never heard • 3 felt • 4 eat • 5 had 6een • 6 graduated/had graduated - started • 7. will like • 8 have just decided • 9 will get • 10 had never 6een Task 12 lb • 2c • 3c • 46 • 5a • 66 • 7c • 86 • 9a • 10c UNIT 10 Concern over the office cyberjunkies who OD on IT Task 3 Main topic: d • Mentioned: 6, e, e • Not mentioned: a, f 9 10 Task 4 1c • 2g • 3a • .d • 5i f • 6j • 71 • Be • 96, h, k Task 5 16 • 2c • 3c • 4a • 56 • 6a Task 6 1. ver6 • 2 ver6 • 3 noun • 4 noun • 5 noun • 6 ver6 • 7 ver6 • 8 noun • 9 noun • 10 noun • 11. noun 12 noun Task 7 1. show • 2 stay • 3 use • 4 maii • 5 costs • 6 surveyed •

7 feared/fears • 8 works • 9 changed Task 8 Noun Noun (person) Adjective(s) addiction addict addictive/ addicted believe belief believer believ a ble/believing o6sess obsession obsessive obsessed satisfy satisfaction Verb 132 satisfactory/satisfying/ satisfied READ, READ, READ suffer suffering sufferer suffering lecture lecture/lectureship lecturer lecturing compete competition competitor competitive press/ pressurize pressure gamble gambling pressing/ pressed/ pressurized gambler gambling guilt/guiltiness guilty Task 9 1. believer • 2 Press • 3 satisfy • 4 lectures • 5 guilt • 6 addictive • 7 compete • 8 sufferers • 9. obsession • 10 gambling Task 10 1. encountered • 2 crave • 3 detriment • 4 overdose • 5 neglects • 6 avoid • 7 strives Task 11 1. back • 2 on • 3 up • 4 down/back • 5 in • 6 off Task 12 1. cut • 2 Keep • 3 cut • 4 cut • 5 keep • 6 keep Task 13 1. to • 2 out • 3 to

• 4 with • 5 to • 6 for • 7 ln • 8 with • 9 in • 10 at • 11 of • 12 at Task 14 1. workaholic • 2 chocoholic • 3 shopaholic • 4 dataholic • 5 diesel-holic • 6 football-holic Task 15 1. I am buying paint to paint my hall door 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. They got up very early to get to the top of the hill before sunrise. He opened the lions cage to feed the lions. She put a scarecrow up in the field to frighten the birds. The workmen left red lights near the hole to warn motorists. We had no cups but he gave us coconut shells to drink out of. Task 16 10 1. I couldnt make my car start this morning 2. Nothing will make me change my mind 3. Onions make your eyes water 4. Just seeing his face is enough to make me laugh 5. The photograph makes me look about eighty 6. I rang the doorbell several times but couldnt make anyone hear 11 UNIT 11 The Life Doctor Task 1 1. she • 2 him • 3 I • 4 her • 5 he • 6 his • 7 they • 8 him • 9 My • 10 them • 11 their

• 12. themselves Task 2 1. Edith • 2 Shirley (or Anon) • 3 Anon (or Shirley) • 4 Roger • 5 Jennifer • 6 Penny READ, READ, READ 133 Task 4 1. F • 2 NS • 3 F • 4 NS • 5 T • 6 F • 7 T • 8 T Task 5 1. S • 2 M • 3 A (or B) • 4 S • 5 B • 6 F • 7 S Task 6 1. strange • 2 worried • 3 determined • 4 surprised Task 7 le • 2e • 3a • 4f • 5h • 66 • 7d • 8g Task 8 1b • 2a • 3c Task 9 1. a talent • 2 to throw a fit • 3 tearful • 4 before • 5 to put the phone clown • 6 to take his side Task 10 1. amazed at • 2 thrown by 3 scared of • 4 tempted by • 5 indulged by • 6 upset by Task 11 1. thrown by • 2 scared of • 3 amazed at • 4 tempted by • 5 upset by • 6 indulged by Task 12 1. tested • 2 stifle • 3 avoid • 4 treat • 5 noticed • 6 missed • 7 upset • 8 rebelled Task 13 1. up • 2 round • 3 clown on • 4 about • 5 off • 6 round • 7 up • 8 with Task 14 A1111 is II

J9él5si,·itf passive, :CS/98/lse responsible, ,wteHemv autonomous pcrso11 who dccides to /ireak the (amily J11lltcr11. Her mother has always /1een considered a Hffl-5-+f- musical talent and hcr sistcr thc telll/9CM11w1t temperamental gc11i11s 011c day Anns sister rings and tel!s her i11 a 1-etiH- tearful loice that slze has fost an e,,cJ,e,/,"tl orchestral /0/1 Slze cxpccts Ann to be 5-t+f9"J9&ff supportive IJ//t Ann is very ~ thoughtless Her sister gets 6!-Hf;C-1 angry and A1111 feels ~ powerful. Next Sundav without any explanat/011 she misses thc (amily lu11ch /Jut lzer mother is 1101 l1ysteri&1 hysterical. Task 15 11 -al -ive -less -ful -able/ible -y -ous natural, norma! expressive, effective childless, friendless truthful, beautiful reliable, accessible cheesy, sleepy famous, ambitious Task 16 1. from an early age • 2 but • 3 For some reason • 4 that • 5 Normally • 6 too • 7 instead of • 8. for the first time • 9 and Task 17 1. Hany said to

his wife that he was going to see his mother that evening if he could get away from the office a little earlier. He asked her if she had any messages for his mother 2. The taxi driver asked the other driver angrily why he didnt go and push a baby-carriage He added he was not fit to drive a car. 3. Charles said that if I/she (etc) really thought he had said that about me/her, he was not surprised that I/she was angry with him. But he assured me/her that he had not 134 READ, READ, READ UNIT 12 Conversations with virtual granny Task 1 6. Virtual reality is an environment created by computer that looks like reality to a person in it Task 2 1 j • 2f • 3c • 4e • 5i • 6h • 7a • 86 • 9g • 10d • l lk • 121 Task 3 1. T • 2 T • 3 F • 4F • 5 T • 6 F • 7 NS • 8 T • 9 T Task 4 1. Animated life after death 2. a) photos • b) videos • e) tapes (recordings of ones voice) • d) written material 3. a) family gossip • b) international politics 4. Teaching

computers to interact naturally 5. A complex algorythm 6. With computerized face tracking 7. They want to make money Task 6 Verb Noun (-ment) Noun (-ion) i11teract interaction animate animation excite excitement equip equipment simu!ate move simulation movement express deve!op express1on development anticipate anticipation resurrect resurrection Task 7 1. express • 2 equipment • 3 Simulation • 4 excitement • 5 anticipate • 6 develop • 7 animation • 8. move • 9 Resurrection • 10 interact Task 8 1. recently • 2 Sadly • 3 convincing (realistic) • 4 realistically • 5 extremely • 6 merely • 7. mere/sad • 8 realistic • 9 sad • 10 convincingly Task 9 1. verb • 2 verb • 3 noun • 4 noun • 5 noun • 6 verb • 7 noun • 8 noun Task 10 1. relish • 2 shake • 3 supplement • 4 face • 5 screen • 6 progress • 7 prospect • 8 gossip • 9 process READ, READ, READ 135 12 Task 11 16 • 26 • 3a • 46 • 5a • 6a

• 7a • 86 • 96 • 10a • 116 • 126 Task 12 1. existence • 2 respond • 3 dismissed • 4 current • 5 availa6le • 6 effort • 7 Artificial • 8 neat • 9. essence • 10 relatíve • 11 mass • 12 testament Task 13 1. 6eyond • 2 to • 3 6ack • 4 in • 5 to • 6 at • 7 with • 8 in • 9 to • 10 with Task 15 1. The computer processes a persona! testament which/that was/has 6een written for your electronic afterlife. / The computer will process a persona! testament (which/that) you wrote/have written for your electronic afterlife. 2. The computer will use an algorythm which/that was worked out 6y a team of mathematicians 3. The computer analysed video sequences of real people who were shaking/shake hands 4. They will use a computerized face tracking system that/which has 6een/was developed 6y Chris Taylor from Manchester./ They will use a computerized face tracking system (which/that) Chris Taylor (has) developed. 5. New films which/that use the

animation of Marilyn Monroe may hit the 6ox office in the near future 6. Many people are horrified 6y the progress (that/which) computer scientists made in recent years / Many people are horrified 6y the progress that was made 6y computer scientists. Task 16 1. the Leeds computer wi/1 f,/1 in the missing person on its screen 2. the computer wi/1 respo11d to facial expressions 3. it wi/1 be ab/e to chat realistically 4. they would 1101 pay so much to living actors 5. I would 1101 give any money for such purposes 6 . there would be no research 7. they could spe11d more on saving peoples lives 8 . many people would have survived the tsunami in South Asia 9 . they would have left he seaside 6efore the tsunami arrived 10. they wi/1 develop a new marine o6servation system UNIT 13 Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters of the Universe Task 3 16 • 2a • 3d • 4a Task 4 Likes Dislikes ✓ 1. Keith Ferrin 12 13 ✓ 2. Norman Warren 3. Julia Wilson Not stated ✓ 4.

Derek Dolding ✓ 5. John Banner ✓ 6. Council spokesman ✓ 7. Kate Ginn (the author of the article) ✓ 136 READ, READ, READ Task 5 1. infant Jesus • 2 Marys • 3 the scene • 4 the scene • 5 the scenes • 6 values • 7. ideal of nativity • 8 Jesus • 9 the local authority • 10 the exhibition Task 6 1. complete • 2 encourage • 3 commission • 4 appealing • 5 audience • 6 chairman • 7 impose on • 8. tale Task 7 To pay: reverence, respects, attention, a visit, lip-service To raise: concerns, doubts, suspicion, a fuss, fears Task 8 1. lip-service • 2 a fuss • 3 a visit • 4 attention • 5 doubts • 6 respects • 7 suspicion • 8 fear Task 9 1d • 2c • 3d • 4a • 5d • 66 • 76 • 8a Task 10 go ahead - take place (d), turns out - prove to be sth (b), looking into - examine sth (a), came about happen (e), turning up - arrive (e) 1. came about • 2 looked into • 3 turn up • 4 go ahead • 5 turns out Task 11 1. look •

2 turn • 3 come • 4 go Task 12 1. came up • 2 went off • 3 look after • 4 turns out • 5 going out with • 6 looking forward to • 7. looked through • 8 turned clown • 9 come back • 10 turned to • 11 came across • 12 gone off • 13. turns over • 14 come round • 15 go for Task 13 1. second-hand • 2 adults • 3 exhibition • 4 putting together • 5 infant • 6 haircut • 7 companion • 8. overhead • 9 humorous • 10 offensive • 11 reverence • 12 unusual • 13 banned Task 14 1. The infant Jesus doesnt have a flower on his face He has a love heart on his face 2. There arent any sheep but leopards and cows 3. The kittens are not small They are outsized Task 15 1. council • 2 complaint • 3 ban • 4 valuable • 5 expansion • 6 gain • 7 authorised • 8 exhibited • 9. appreciation • 10 speech Task 16 1. would • 2 should • 3 May/Might may/might • 4 would • 5 may/might • 6 Should • 7. Would • 8 might 13 READ, READ,

READ 137 UNIT 14 Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts Task 3 Country Voted yes Didnt vote Voted no ✓ Austria ✓ Britain ✓ Denmark ✓ Germany Greece ✓ Luxembourg ✓ ✓ Spain Task 4 1. one • 2 three • 3 four • 4 two • 5 eight Task 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Because the sponsors are tobacco companies. (At the point of sale) in (outside) shops, in specialist magazines. That Spain decided to abstain. / Spain by withdrawing its support Its Europes largest cigarette producer. A backstage deal with Germany. / Germanys promise to support Spain in return / Its fear of losing EU support. They eased restrictions on advertising outside shops. It contradicts EU support for tobacco industry. Because it provides many jobs. By using the same name for other products. /By establishing clothes lines under the same name Task 6 14 138 Verb Noun(s) Noun (person) advertise advert advertisement advertiser negotiate negotiation negotiator protect protection

protector add addition additive initiate initiative restrict restriction propose proposal proposition Adjective protective additional initiator initial restrictive proposer READ, READ, READ preside presidency expand expansion revise revision prevent prevention promote promotion president presidential expansive rev1ser preventive promoter promotional Task 7 1. presidential • 2 restricted • 3 proposal/initiative • 4 initiative • 5 protective • 6 negotiate • 7. expanded • 8 revisions • 9 promotion Task 8 le • 2d • 3c • 4a • 5f, j • 6h, m • 7i, k • 86 • 9g, 1 Task 9 1 -which - e 5 - 6efore - g 2 - that - h 6 - as - e 3 - 6ut - 6 7 - 6ecause - d 4 -when - f 8 - so that - a Task 10 1. on into • 2 with • 3 for • 4 at • 5 against • 6 of • 7 with • 8 from Task 11 1. promoting • 2 to ease • 3 to advertise • 4 launching • 5 to say • 6 to win • 7 advertising • 8. making • 9 advertising • 10 to

vote Task 12 la • 26 • 36 • 46 • 5a • 6c • 7a • 86 14 READ, READ, READ 139 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The publisher and authors would like to thank the following for their kind permission to use articles and extracts from copyright material: Swissair lntensift"es Unicef Commitment October 1997, Swissair Gazette Boxcrs teach bullied pupils to hit back 04 March 2001 The Independent, 2001 Drunken wifes smash with police 05 December 1997, Daily Mail Wrong-way driver hit police car after party 05 December 1997Telegraph Group Limited, 1997 Butt seriously this is worth f1,500 by John Vincent, 22 July 1997, Evening Standard Dentists painfúl way to extract payment by Brian Lironi, 17 April 1997, Scotsman Quick gu11 chcck system crawls to a start by Gary Fields, 02 December 1998, Copyright 1998, USA TODAY International. Distributed by Tribune Media Services International Thefts are a bad sign for tourists by Alan Murdoch, 03 May 1997The Independent, 1997 Talcs of the

unexpected by Emma Cook, 13 July 1997The Independent, 1997 Concern over the off,ú cyberjunkies who OD on IT by Chris Barrie, 09 December 1997, Copyright Guardian Newspapers Limited, 1997 Thc Life Doctor by Eleanor Bailey, 13 September 1998The Independent, 1998 Co11ersatio11s with virtual gra1111y by Clive Cookson, 04 July 1998, Financial Times Just add walking, 07 December 1998, Newsweek Funk Baby Jesus and the three !vlasters of the Universe by Kate Ginn, 05 December 1997, Daily Maii Euro vote to l1an tobacco advcrts by Toby Heim, 05 December 1997Telegraph Group Limited, 1997 1 1 1 1 The publisher and authors would like to thank Steven Appleby for his permission to reproduce the cartoon "Reasons why a family wont speak to each other" and Peter Lennard for his help. Every effort has been made to trace the owners of copyright material in this book, but we should be pleased to hear from any copyright owner whom we have been unable to contact in order to rectify any errors

or om1ss10ns. A szerzők köszönetet mondanak mindazoknak, akik segítették munkájukat. Köszönetet mondunk középiskolai és főiskolai kollegáinknak az anyagok kipróbálásáért és a tanácsokért, diákjainknak kritikus észrevételeikért és ötleteikért, valamint családunknak a türelmükért és kitartásukért. Akadémiai Kiadó, 2005 az Akadémiai Kiadó Igazgatója Felelős szerkesztő: Pomázi Gyöngyi Vezető szerkesztő: Kiscelli Piroska Termékmenedzser: Sztáryné Benkő Krisztina Tördelés: Élőfej Bt Fedélterv: Co-Libri Stúdió Nyomdai munkálatok: Kaloprint Nyomda Kft., Kalocsa A kiadásért felelős