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ENGLEWOOD SAILING ASSOCIATION, INC. ESTABLISHED 2002 LEARN TO SAIL HANDBOOK An Introduction to Small Boat Sailing Rev. 4/1/18 www.englewoodsailingorg info@englewoodsailing.org 941-681-8190 W elcome to the sailing programs of the Englewood Sailing Association. ESA was founded for the sole purpose of sharing our aquatic resources in a safe and ecologically responsible manner with area youth and their families through sailing. To achieve this goal, we are proud to be working in cooperation with the Sarasota County Parks and Recreation Department and the Englewood YMCA to provide instruction in sailing, water safety and respect for our environment. SKILL 8 9 T Jibing Commands “Prepare to jibe/Ready/Jibing” Controlled jibe Sheeted in, no flying jibe Steering Switch sides Smooth, no round up or oversteer “Prepare to jibe/Ready/Jibing” Windward to windward, timing Sail trim Ease sheet quickly after jibe Tiller hand exchange Behind back, constant contact Points
of Sail Close hauled Close reach Correct heading and sail trim for each point of sail on both tacks Beam reach Broad reach Run 10 11 his booklet is a supplement to our Introduction to Sailing Program. After successfully completing this program you may be eligible to enroll in more advanced programs that are offered by ESA. STANDARD 12 Irons Select tack Current and opposite tack Tiller position Toward new heading while backing Resume sailing Centered when out of no-go-zone Upwind Sailing Steering Consistent, stay in the groove Finding a layline Makes windward mark within 10 feet Sail trim Close hauled Capsize Recovery Single-handed righting Point head to wind Give OK signal Right boat, get aboard, get underway 13 Figure-8 Overboard Recovery Correct turns Safety position 14 Beam Beamreach, reach,55boat boatlengths, lengths,tack tackto to broad broadreach, reach,then headhead up toupclose reach Stopped within 3 feet of mark Rules of the Road First priority Avoid
collision regardless of who’s right Stand-on vs. give-way Correct responsibilities for each Sailboat rules Port/starboard tack, windward/leeward, overtaking, tacking/jibing Sail vs. power Powerboat is give-way (unless working) Sail vs. muscle Sailboat is give-way 17 SMALL BOAT SAILING SKILLS RECORD NAME CLASS DATES SKILL STANDARD 2 3 4 5 6 7 Weather and Tides The Englewood Sailing Association, Inc. is an all volunteer, not for profit 501(c)(3) organization established in 2002. We teach small boat sailing in a safe, fun and educational waterfront environment by sharing our skills, knowledge, and resources with Englewood area youth and adults. The ESA VALUES Light air5 mph Heavy air 15+ 1 Mission Statement N/A Identify wind indicators Three different indicators Identify wind direction Within 10 degrees Know forecast wind and tides Internet or TV Rigging/Derigging/Boat
Parts N/A Name required boat parts ID when named/name when pointed to Safely getting in/out of rack Four to a boat Mast aligned and stepped 2 to a mast, jib halyard padeye lined up Take wraps Reasons for wrapping Rigging correct Downhaul, outhaul, boom vang Installing rudder/daggerboard Rudder on only when in water Clean, sails folded When to rinse sail Knots/Lines FUN – We strive to create a healthy, enjoyable learning experience for all students during their introduction to sailing programs. Enjoyment breeds enthusiasm N/A Bowline Around post Cleat hitch Around cleat Coiling Secured Figure 8 Close to end of line Beach Launch/Landing Select tack to depart on Avoid dock, mangroves Rudder/daggerboard down/up Down w/in 10 yds, no grounding on landing Head-to-wind on landing Within 10 feet of mark Control boat on exit From the bow Steering tiller/extension use Steady course Hold w/in 10 degrees for 30 sec Proper tiller/sheet use Frying pan grip,
sheet-to-tiller Balance Fore-and-aft, no excessive heel SAFETY – All activities emphasize our commitment to safe boating practices while teaching the essential elements of sailboat handling, water safety skills and respect for changing weather conditions. EDUCATION – Our core purpose is teaching the fundamentals of sailing. We provide quality direction, coaching and low cost instruction in small sailboats on Lemon Bay, while at the same time recognizing and emphasizing our responsibility as stewards of the environment. TEAMWORK – Our team of diverse adult volunteers delivers meaningful sailing instruction afloat and ashore with emphasis on teamwork, sportsmanship, open communication, respect and cooperation. Student coaches help novice sailors in the learning process. Safety Position Proper point of sail Close reach Luff sail, stop Within 10 feet of mark Tacking Commands “Prepare to tack/Ready/Tacking” Steering Smooth steady turn Switch sides Windward to
windward, timing Tiller hand exchange Behind back, constant contact 16 LEADERSHIP – Our efforts in a positive environment are meant to inspire those under instruction to learn more, do more and become more confident as sailors. Knowledge and enthusiasm build self-confidence as sailing skills improve and mutual respect grows. Created 3/15/13 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Mainsail Mast Lower Mast Boom Block Tiller Tiller Extension Rudder Pintles Daggerboard Mainsheet Boom Vang Hull Gunwale Bow Stern Mast Thwart Mast Step Jib Luff 24 Tack Foot Clew Leech Head 25 Laser Pico 15. Watch fingers and feet between boats, docks, and moving parts. 16. Club owned boats must be properly returned and put away after use . 17. Sailors must make every effort to avoid collisions 18. All injuries must be reported to staff no matter how small 19. All youth students will be escorted to bathroom facilities by an adult. 20. All volunteers that work with
students must have a background check. 21. During special events all non-members going on the water must sign a release waiver. Youth must have parents consent. 22. All safety boat personnel must be approved by Safety Officer prior to operating power boats. Any operator 18 and under and all operators joining in 2016 and forward must have a Florida Safe Boating Card. 20 Port = Left Starboard = Right 23. Bring water and refillable container to class each day RECOMMENDED SAFETY ITEMS FOR ALL 21 23 22 Sunscreen Towel Knee pads Sunglasses with strap Change of clothes Plenty of liquids Hat Gloves Snack NOTE: Drink plenty of water starting the day before classes begin. DISCIPLINARY ACTION THREE WARNINGS WILL BE ISSUED AFTER WHICH ABUSE OF THE RULES WILL RESULT IN EXPULSION FROM THE PROGRAM. 2 15 SAILING PROGRAM RULES AND MANDATORY SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL ESA PROGRAMS Sunfish 1. No students are allowed on the beach or water without supervision and a life jacket . 2. Life
jackets must be worn at all times on docks, beach, boats, or in the water (by students, instructors, and coaches). 3. All students and on-water staff are required to pass a swim check. 4. Closed toe and heel footwear must be worn at all times 5. No running, hitting, or pushing in the park 6. No swimming (except with the permission of the instructors) . 7. No jumping off boats (except with the permission of the instructors) . 8. Respect one another – no hitting, pushing, or roughhousing 9. Use respectful language – no swearing, foul, or rude language . 10. No littering on land or water 11. Stay with the class unless you have permission from an instructor to leave. 15 12. No destruction of club or private property 13. No smoking, drugs or alcohol 14. No playing on boat racks 14 3 SAILING (Nautical) TERMS ABOUTto tackwhen bow passes through the eye of the wind. BATTENthin rigid strip used to keep the leech of the sail extended. BEAMwidth of a vessel at the widest point. BOOM
horizontal spar which holds the foot of the main sail. CENTERBOARDvertical fin used to keep boat from slipping sideways. CLEAT fitting to which halyard or other line may be secured. CLEWcorner of the sail after end of boom, or after corner of jib. COCKPIT opening space in deck. DOWNWINDin the direction the wind is blowing (see RUN). DRAFTthe deepest part of the centerboard below water. FOOT bottom edge of sail GUDGEONSfittings attached to transom for securing rudder to the boat. HEAD top most corner of the sail. HALYARDline that raises and lowers sail. HULLbody of the boat. JIBsmall sail forward of mast. JIBEchanging course with wind crossing over stern, causing the boom and sail to flop over. LAYLINE a straight line (or bearing) extending from the next mark to indicate the course a boat should be able to sail on the one tack in order to pass to the windward side of the mark. LEECHtrailing edge of sail. LEEWARDthe direction toward which the wind is blowing. (downwind) LINEgeneral term
used for rope on board boat. LUFFleading edge of sail. MASTlarge vertical pole to support the sails. MAIN SAILlarge sail aft of mast. OUTHAULholds clew of main to after end of boom. PORTthe left side of a boat looking forward. PORT TACKwhen the wind is coming over the portside of the boat. PINTLEmetal pins passed through gudgeons to secure the rudder. REACHany angle between “close-hauled” and “running”. RUDDERmovable fin on stern used to steer boat. RUNto sail directly downwind. SHEETlines used to control sails, jib sheet & main sheet. STARBOARDthe right side of a boat looking forward. STARBOARD TACKsailing with the wind coming over the starboard rail. STERNthe after (or rear) end of the boat. TACKlower forward corner of sail. Also synonym for coming about TELL TALEwin indicator mounted on sail, shroud or mast to show wind direction. TILLERhandle that moves rudder. TRANSOMstern facing of boat. WINDWARDthe direction from which the wind is blowing (upwind) 4 13
FUNDAMENTALS 1. The tiller is the steering wheel on your boat. If you push the tiller to starboard the boat will go to port, and vice versa. Get comfortable with the tiller in your hand. Learn to tack and jibe while quickly changing hands behind your back. The best way to overcome any trouble is to practice until it becomes a natural instinct. 12 5 RIGHT-OF-WAY ANGLES OF SAILING RULES There are 4 basic right-of-way rules. Whenever 2 boats are sailing near each other, one of them has the right of way and the other must keep clear. WIND Right-of-way boat 6 11 RULES OF THE ROAD SAILBOAT VS. SAILBOAT: A boat on a port tack shall keep clear of a boat on a starboard tack. A windward boat shall keep clear of a leeward boat. A boat clear astern shall keep clear of a boat clear ahead. When boats are overlapped, the outside boat shall give the inside boat mark room to clear mark or obstruction. SAILBOAT VS. POWERBOAT A powerboat shall keep out of the way of a sailboat. A
sailboat shall keep clear of traffic lanes in channels. A sailboat shall keep clear of commercial fishing boats, tugboats, or other working boats. IN GENERAL A boat, if obliged to cross traffic lanes, shall do so at right angle to the traffic flow. Every vessel shall maintain a proper look-out and make full appraisal of risk of collision. PRACTICE GOOD SEAMANSHIP ALWAYS AVOID COLLISIONS EVEN IF YOU ARE RIGHT! Reference: www.navcenuscggov Racing Rules of Sailing for 2009-20012 10 7 Pico Pico Pico Pico TIPS ABOUT CAPSIZING 1. STAY WITH YOUR BOAT Do not swim to shore It’s usually farther than you think. 2. Do not swim under sails or hulls 3. Signal to safety boat that you’re OK with a thumbs up HOW TO TACK (turn into the direction of the wind): Check new course, keep moving forward, call to crew “prepare to tack.” Crew responds “ready” Call “tacking” Push tiller toward boom, then straighten tiller on new course as wind fills sails. HOW TO JIBE (turn away from
the direction of the wind): Check new course. Call “prepare to jibe” Crew responds “ready” Call “jibing,” pull tiller away from boom while sheeting in. When sail fills with wind on other side, sheet out and straighten tiller on new course. In high winds the boom will cross the boat with some force.be careful and watch your head. DIRECTIONAL TERMS: 1. HEAD UPTurn the boat toward the wind 2. HEAD DOWN/FALL OFFturn the boat away from the wind 3. HEADINGthe direction that the boat is pointing 4. COURSEpre-determined route that the boat is traveling 8 4. Release all sheet lines immediately A cleated sail can become a water bucket and make it heavy to upright the boat. Or it can fill with wind once it turns upright and may come up to capsize again or sail away in the leeward side. 5. Check that the daggerboard is in place and pushed in all the way. 6. Point the boat into the wind 7. Swim around the stern 8. Climb on the daggerboard close to the hull Excess weight on the outer
edge could break it. 9. Upon entering the boat after righting it, be sure to duck to avoid the swinging boom. 10. Be prepared to “get out of irons” and haul in sheet lines to sail away. 9
of Sail Close hauled Close reach Correct heading and sail trim for each point of sail on both tacks Beam reach Broad reach Run 10 11 his booklet is a supplement to our Introduction to Sailing Program. After successfully completing this program you may be eligible to enroll in more advanced programs that are offered by ESA. STANDARD 12 Irons Select tack Current and opposite tack Tiller position Toward new heading while backing Resume sailing Centered when out of no-go-zone Upwind Sailing Steering Consistent, stay in the groove Finding a layline Makes windward mark within 10 feet Sail trim Close hauled Capsize Recovery Single-handed righting Point head to wind Give OK signal Right boat, get aboard, get underway 13 Figure-8 Overboard Recovery Correct turns Safety position 14 Beam Beamreach, reach,55boat boatlengths, lengths,tack tackto to broad broadreach, reach,then headhead up toupclose reach Stopped within 3 feet of mark Rules of the Road First priority Avoid
collision regardless of who’s right Stand-on vs. give-way Correct responsibilities for each Sailboat rules Port/starboard tack, windward/leeward, overtaking, tacking/jibing Sail vs. power Powerboat is give-way (unless working) Sail vs. muscle Sailboat is give-way 17 SMALL BOAT SAILING SKILLS RECORD NAME CLASS DATES SKILL STANDARD 2 3 4 5 6 7 Weather and Tides The Englewood Sailing Association, Inc. is an all volunteer, not for profit 501(c)(3) organization established in 2002. We teach small boat sailing in a safe, fun and educational waterfront environment by sharing our skills, knowledge, and resources with Englewood area youth and adults. The ESA VALUES Light air5 mph Heavy air 15+ 1 Mission Statement N/A Identify wind indicators Three different indicators Identify wind direction Within 10 degrees Know forecast wind and tides Internet or TV Rigging/Derigging/Boat
Parts N/A Name required boat parts ID when named/name when pointed to Safely getting in/out of rack Four to a boat Mast aligned and stepped 2 to a mast, jib halyard padeye lined up Take wraps Reasons for wrapping Rigging correct Downhaul, outhaul, boom vang Installing rudder/daggerboard Rudder on only when in water Clean, sails folded When to rinse sail Knots/Lines FUN – We strive to create a healthy, enjoyable learning experience for all students during their introduction to sailing programs. Enjoyment breeds enthusiasm N/A Bowline Around post Cleat hitch Around cleat Coiling Secured Figure 8 Close to end of line Beach Launch/Landing Select tack to depart on Avoid dock, mangroves Rudder/daggerboard down/up Down w/in 10 yds, no grounding on landing Head-to-wind on landing Within 10 feet of mark Control boat on exit From the bow Steering tiller/extension use Steady course Hold w/in 10 degrees for 30 sec Proper tiller/sheet use Frying pan grip,
sheet-to-tiller Balance Fore-and-aft, no excessive heel SAFETY – All activities emphasize our commitment to safe boating practices while teaching the essential elements of sailboat handling, water safety skills and respect for changing weather conditions. EDUCATION – Our core purpose is teaching the fundamentals of sailing. We provide quality direction, coaching and low cost instruction in small sailboats on Lemon Bay, while at the same time recognizing and emphasizing our responsibility as stewards of the environment. TEAMWORK – Our team of diverse adult volunteers delivers meaningful sailing instruction afloat and ashore with emphasis on teamwork, sportsmanship, open communication, respect and cooperation. Student coaches help novice sailors in the learning process. Safety Position Proper point of sail Close reach Luff sail, stop Within 10 feet of mark Tacking Commands “Prepare to tack/Ready/Tacking” Steering Smooth steady turn Switch sides Windward to
windward, timing Tiller hand exchange Behind back, constant contact 16 LEADERSHIP – Our efforts in a positive environment are meant to inspire those under instruction to learn more, do more and become more confident as sailors. Knowledge and enthusiasm build self-confidence as sailing skills improve and mutual respect grows. Created 3/15/13 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Mainsail Mast Lower Mast Boom Block Tiller Tiller Extension Rudder Pintles Daggerboard Mainsheet Boom Vang Hull Gunwale Bow Stern Mast Thwart Mast Step Jib Luff 24 Tack Foot Clew Leech Head 25 Laser Pico 15. Watch fingers and feet between boats, docks, and moving parts. 16. Club owned boats must be properly returned and put away after use . 17. Sailors must make every effort to avoid collisions 18. All injuries must be reported to staff no matter how small 19. All youth students will be escorted to bathroom facilities by an adult. 20. All volunteers that work with
students must have a background check. 21. During special events all non-members going on the water must sign a release waiver. Youth must have parents consent. 22. All safety boat personnel must be approved by Safety Officer prior to operating power boats. Any operator 18 and under and all operators joining in 2016 and forward must have a Florida Safe Boating Card. 20 Port = Left Starboard = Right 23. Bring water and refillable container to class each day RECOMMENDED SAFETY ITEMS FOR ALL 21 23 22 Sunscreen Towel Knee pads Sunglasses with strap Change of clothes Plenty of liquids Hat Gloves Snack NOTE: Drink plenty of water starting the day before classes begin. DISCIPLINARY ACTION THREE WARNINGS WILL BE ISSUED AFTER WHICH ABUSE OF THE RULES WILL RESULT IN EXPULSION FROM THE PROGRAM. 2 15 SAILING PROGRAM RULES AND MANDATORY SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL ESA PROGRAMS Sunfish 1. No students are allowed on the beach or water without supervision and a life jacket . 2. Life
jackets must be worn at all times on docks, beach, boats, or in the water (by students, instructors, and coaches). 3. All students and on-water staff are required to pass a swim check. 4. Closed toe and heel footwear must be worn at all times 5. No running, hitting, or pushing in the park 6. No swimming (except with the permission of the instructors) . 7. No jumping off boats (except with the permission of the instructors) . 8. Respect one another – no hitting, pushing, or roughhousing 9. Use respectful language – no swearing, foul, or rude language . 10. No littering on land or water 11. Stay with the class unless you have permission from an instructor to leave. 15 12. No destruction of club or private property 13. No smoking, drugs or alcohol 14. No playing on boat racks 14 3 SAILING (Nautical) TERMS ABOUTto tackwhen bow passes through the eye of the wind. BATTENthin rigid strip used to keep the leech of the sail extended. BEAMwidth of a vessel at the widest point. BOOM
horizontal spar which holds the foot of the main sail. CENTERBOARDvertical fin used to keep boat from slipping sideways. CLEAT fitting to which halyard or other line may be secured. CLEWcorner of the sail after end of boom, or after corner of jib. COCKPIT opening space in deck. DOWNWINDin the direction the wind is blowing (see RUN). DRAFTthe deepest part of the centerboard below water. FOOT bottom edge of sail GUDGEONSfittings attached to transom for securing rudder to the boat. HEAD top most corner of the sail. HALYARDline that raises and lowers sail. HULLbody of the boat. JIBsmall sail forward of mast. JIBEchanging course with wind crossing over stern, causing the boom and sail to flop over. LAYLINE a straight line (or bearing) extending from the next mark to indicate the course a boat should be able to sail on the one tack in order to pass to the windward side of the mark. LEECHtrailing edge of sail. LEEWARDthe direction toward which the wind is blowing. (downwind) LINEgeneral term
used for rope on board boat. LUFFleading edge of sail. MASTlarge vertical pole to support the sails. MAIN SAILlarge sail aft of mast. OUTHAULholds clew of main to after end of boom. PORTthe left side of a boat looking forward. PORT TACKwhen the wind is coming over the portside of the boat. PINTLEmetal pins passed through gudgeons to secure the rudder. REACHany angle between “close-hauled” and “running”. RUDDERmovable fin on stern used to steer boat. RUNto sail directly downwind. SHEETlines used to control sails, jib sheet & main sheet. STARBOARDthe right side of a boat looking forward. STARBOARD TACKsailing with the wind coming over the starboard rail. STERNthe after (or rear) end of the boat. TACKlower forward corner of sail. Also synonym for coming about TELL TALEwin indicator mounted on sail, shroud or mast to show wind direction. TILLERhandle that moves rudder. TRANSOMstern facing of boat. WINDWARDthe direction from which the wind is blowing (upwind) 4 13
FUNDAMENTALS 1. The tiller is the steering wheel on your boat. If you push the tiller to starboard the boat will go to port, and vice versa. Get comfortable with the tiller in your hand. Learn to tack and jibe while quickly changing hands behind your back. The best way to overcome any trouble is to practice until it becomes a natural instinct. 12 5 RIGHT-OF-WAY ANGLES OF SAILING RULES There are 4 basic right-of-way rules. Whenever 2 boats are sailing near each other, one of them has the right of way and the other must keep clear. WIND Right-of-way boat 6 11 RULES OF THE ROAD SAILBOAT VS. SAILBOAT: A boat on a port tack shall keep clear of a boat on a starboard tack. A windward boat shall keep clear of a leeward boat. A boat clear astern shall keep clear of a boat clear ahead. When boats are overlapped, the outside boat shall give the inside boat mark room to clear mark or obstruction. SAILBOAT VS. POWERBOAT A powerboat shall keep out of the way of a sailboat. A
sailboat shall keep clear of traffic lanes in channels. A sailboat shall keep clear of commercial fishing boats, tugboats, or other working boats. IN GENERAL A boat, if obliged to cross traffic lanes, shall do so at right angle to the traffic flow. Every vessel shall maintain a proper look-out and make full appraisal of risk of collision. PRACTICE GOOD SEAMANSHIP ALWAYS AVOID COLLISIONS EVEN IF YOU ARE RIGHT! Reference: www.navcenuscggov Racing Rules of Sailing for 2009-20012 10 7 Pico Pico Pico Pico TIPS ABOUT CAPSIZING 1. STAY WITH YOUR BOAT Do not swim to shore It’s usually farther than you think. 2. Do not swim under sails or hulls 3. Signal to safety boat that you’re OK with a thumbs up HOW TO TACK (turn into the direction of the wind): Check new course, keep moving forward, call to crew “prepare to tack.” Crew responds “ready” Call “tacking” Push tiller toward boom, then straighten tiller on new course as wind fills sails. HOW TO JIBE (turn away from
the direction of the wind): Check new course. Call “prepare to jibe” Crew responds “ready” Call “jibing,” pull tiller away from boom while sheeting in. When sail fills with wind on other side, sheet out and straighten tiller on new course. In high winds the boom will cross the boat with some force.be careful and watch your head. DIRECTIONAL TERMS: 1. HEAD UPTurn the boat toward the wind 2. HEAD DOWN/FALL OFFturn the boat away from the wind 3. HEADINGthe direction that the boat is pointing 4. COURSEpre-determined route that the boat is traveling 8 4. Release all sheet lines immediately A cleated sail can become a water bucket and make it heavy to upright the boat. Or it can fill with wind once it turns upright and may come up to capsize again or sail away in the leeward side. 5. Check that the daggerboard is in place and pushed in all the way. 6. Point the boat into the wind 7. Swim around the stern 8. Climb on the daggerboard close to the hull Excess weight on the outer
edge could break it. 9. Upon entering the boat after righting it, be sure to duck to avoid the swinging boom. 10. Be prepared to “get out of irons” and haul in sheet lines to sail away. 9
