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S t r a i g h t T r u t h W W W . T E H R A N T I M E S C O M From Inside • Iran FM meets Swedish ambassador, renews Tehran’s call for immediate release of Hamid Nouri P2 8 Pages | Price 100,000 Rials | 1.00 EURO | 4.00 AED | 44th year | No. 14294 | Tu e s d a y | August 23, 2022 | Shahrivar 1, 1401 | Muharram 25, 1444 Iran Response is ‘Reasonable,’ Now What? Page 3 Over the past Iranian calendar year, which ended on March 20, Iranian students won seven gold medals, 11 silver medals, and nine bronze medals at different international Olympiads. The minister said it was the fourth meeting of the interior ministers of the SCO and Iran was also invited to attend. “As the representative of Iran in this meeting, I announced my readiness and capacities to help the Shanghai Organization as much as possible. In addition to this meeting, bilateral meetings with the interior ministers of member states were also held, which was important.” Page 3

Russia, Azerbaijan P4 • Iran’s accessible foreign currency reserves exceed $41b in 2022: IMF P4 • “Student Movements of the 1960s” leading to Iranian bookstores P8 Interview World politics moving from the West to the East: academic Ministry of Defence Iranian drones up for export TEHRAN Iran’s drone capabilities are advancing. That’s no secret to the world But what is important in this regard is that Iran is using domestic knowledge to advance its defense capabilities and is ready to export drones. The brain behind all these developments, IRGC aerospace division commander Amir Ali Hajizadeh said on Monday, is that that the IRGC is working closely with knowledge-based companies. create these. If this happens, we can solve problems and create jobs in most of the industries” Referring to the role of knowledge-based companies in developing the aerospace industry, Hajizadeh noted, “In many production sectors, we do not have the background and resources for many

actions, and knowledge-based activities should He then pointed out that the country’s defense capabilities are the product of the interaction of the armed forces with knowledge-based companies. Page 2 ‘MIMS Automobility Moscow, a serious start for Iran-Russia car manufacturing co-op’ TEHRAN- MIMS Automobility Moscow 2022 kicked off at Moscow Expo Center on Monday. The international exhibition’s inaugural ceremony was attended by Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation Albert Karimov, Iranian Minister of In- dustry, Mining and Trade Reza Fatemi-Amin, and Iranian Ambassador to Russia Kazem Jalali. The head of Iran’s Trade Promotion Organization (TPO) considered Iran’s presence in the Moscow automobile exhibition as a serious start for great cooperation between Iran and Russia in the field of automobile manufacturing and more importantly in the fields of supply and export of automobile parts. Making the remarks on the sidelines of the inauguration

ceremony of the expo, Page 4 300,000 more foreign students to educate in Iranian schools TEHRAN – In the coming school year (starting September 23), about 300,000 new foreign students will be enrolled in Iranian schools. “The signing of this memorandum can make our relations wider, more comprehensive and stronger,” Vahidi said. He added, “Since Iran’s official membership in the Shanghai Organization has been agreed, it is necessary for the Islamic Republic of Iran to actively participate in these meetings.” • Iran inks trilateral customs co-op MOU with with Shiavosh Ensemble P8 TEHRAN – Iran’s Interior Minister Ahmad Vahidi has said that he signed a security memorandum of understanding (MOU) with his Uzbek counterpart during a recent ministerial meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Uzbekistan. For the time being, 560,000 foreign students are studying in schools across the country, Education Minister Yousef Nouri said on Monday.

volleyball.ir “Shanghai is an important organization in which Iran is present as an observer in this organization, but now Iran’s membership in the Shanghai Organization is going through,” Vahidi said in remarks to Iran’s state news agency IRNA on Monday. developments, Iran says P3 • Vocalist Homayun Shajarian to tour Canada Iran, Uzbekistan ink security MOU Iran’s request to become a member of the SCO was accepted last year. Iran needs to take some steps to become a full member. • Turkey should rectify views about Syrian inaugurated P7 Mehdi Ostad Mohammadi, Sepehr Salamat, Mohammad Mehdi Abedian, Farhad Azizi Satari, Seyed Yousef Miryousefi, Sahand Esmailzadeh, Sahand Akramipour, Aria Ghanbari, and Arsam Majd won the gold medals and Alireza Alaei Hareh Dasht won the silver medal. The main goal of the IOAA is to promote the growing interest in Astronomy and related STEM subjects, especially through the general education of young people, and to enhance the

development of international contacts among different countries in promoting Astronomy and Astrophysics in schools. Ministry P3 • 37 environmental projects to be The Iranian team won first place in the tournament for the second time by winning 9 gold medals and 1 silver medal. 250 students from 45 countries participated in this competition. Established in Thailand in 2006, it was initiated by five countries including Thailand, Indonesia, Iran, China, and Poland with the aim to proliferate astronomy among high school students. • Iran-Saudi talks moving forward: Foreign 4.038m bpd P4 TEHRAN – Iran ranked first in the world in the 15th International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics (IOAA 2022) held at Kutaisi in Georgia from August 14 to 22. International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics is an annual event for highly performed high school students from all around the world. yet P2 • Iran’s oil production capacity to reach Iranian students top World

Astronomy Olympiad In IOAA 2021, the Iranian delegation won 2 gold medals, 5 silver medals, 2 bronze medals and an honorary diploma at the competition, held in Colombia on November 14-21. • Iran: U.S has not responded to our proposal Iran runners-up at 2022 Asian U18 Volleyball Championship TEHRAN – Iran lost to Japan in straight sets (25-22, 25-22, 25-23) here in the final match of the 2022 Asian Men’s U18 Volleyball Championship at the Federation Hall on Monday. Earlier in the day, India defeated South Korea in hard-fought five-set thriller 25-20, 25-21, 26-28, 19-25, 15-12 in the third-place playoff. Top four teams Japan, Iran, India and South Korea qualified for the 2023 FIVB Volleyball Boys’ U19 World Championship as the AVC representatives. He considered the high density of students in classrooms as a serious problem and challenge in education, which has been exacerbated by the increase in migration to some urban areas and the outskirts of cities, IRNA reported. New

classes should be created, but due to credit and property limitations, it is not possible to increase classes in these neighborhoods and areas in a quick and appropriate time, he further noted. Page 7 Off-road vehicles, unlicensed tours banned from entering Abr forest TEHRAN – Off-road vehicles and unlicensed tours have been barred from entering the Abr forest in Semnan province, Shahrud’s tourism chief said on Saturday. “The entry of off-road vehicles and [package] tours without official permission to the desert and forest areas, especially Hyrcanian Abr forest, is prohibited,” Mehr quoted Morteza Nazari as saying on Sunday. Pointing to the problems caused by off-road vehicles and unauthorized tours in this area, the official said: “The ban is enforced to prevent further damage to the environment of this areas and to prevent social problems.” Abr forest, which is a portion of the UNESCO-registered Hyrcanian Forests, has its own protection criteria that should be

observed, the official said. “Any damage to this natural property, including burning plants, cutting down trees, cutting bushes, destroying vegetation and bringing in farm livestock, etc. is considered a violation and is subject to legal prosecution” Arranging the entry of licensed off-road vehicles and determining predetermined routes to prevent damage to Abr forest are among the activities carried out to protect this World Heritage as much as possible, he concluded. Abr (meaning “Cloud”) forest is situated almost on the border of Semnan and Golestan provinces and is known by this name because most of the time the space of this forest is covered by an ocean of clouds. In this forest, the clouds are so close to the trees that one may imagine walking through the clouds. Page 6 By Mohammad Mazhari TEHRAN – A senior Pakistani lecturer in the department of politics and international relations at the University of Sialkot says that world politics is shifting from the West to

the East as Iran and China show resistance to America’s hegemony. “World politics is moving from the West to the East,” Muhammad Tanvir Khan tells the Tehran Times. Tanvir Khan believes that the foundations of the new order are established. “There is growing talk that an anti-Western alternative order may replace this dual purpose and hypocritical Western world order, and the countries that will lead the establishment of such an order will be Eastern bloc countries,” he argues. Following is the text of the interview: How do you evaluate the performance of the new government in Pakistan? Do you see a meaningful change? The coalition government’s recent electoral losses and a Supreme Court ruling that halted its efforts to retain control of the post of Punjab chief minister have led the Muslim League-N to regain control of the country’s largest province. While it leads the federal government, the PML-N does not control any of the country’s four provinces and relies

heavily on allies for its meager three-seat effective margin in the National Assembly. Page 5 Top miniaturist Mahin Afshanpur passes away at 81 TEHRAN – Mahin Afshanpur, a prized Iranian miniaturist who was honored as a living human treasure, died as a result of complications related to old age at her home in Tehran on Monday. She was 81 She was one of five eminent miniaturists Iran introduced as its living human treasures after the art of miniature painting was inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2020. Ashanpur was interested in painting from childhood as she made use of every moment to do drawings with chalk and charcoal on the courtyard walls and floor of her family’s home. Like many of her contemporaries, she married very early, when she was only 16, but the marriage did not stop her pursuing her dreams in art. She soon learned that she would have to improve her skills in art through academic studies. To that end, she

sought and gained admission to the Kamalolmolk School of Art, where she received instruction from several master miniaturists. Page 8 Iran FM meets Swedish ambassador, renews Tehran’s call for immediate release of Hamid Nouri POLITICS 2 AUGUST 23, 2022 S t r a i g h t T r u t h TEHRAN TIMES Iranian drones up for export From page 1 “We need knowledge-based measures in many sectors so that we would not be dependent on foreign countries, since knowledge-based production can create leaps,” on Monday that the valuable achievements of scientists and elites in the defense industry are not just for the country, but for “the Islamic world and the lovers of the Islamic Revolution.” The IRGC aerospace division chief stated that these measures have been taken in the defense field, noting that Iran did not possess the capabilities it now has in the military. Visiting an exhibition of electronic warfare and military equipment held by the Defense Ministry, Raisi said

innovations in manufacturing all kinds of birds in the defense industry are “highly honorable.” “In the past, we imported barbed wire, but now we export drones. Undoubtedly, this path has been paved by establishing a relationship between knowledge-based departments, universities and military elites,” he underscored. Hajizadeh added that in the aerospace division the IRGC invested in research sector so that it can overcome obstacles. “This gave Iran superiority in the airspace, and we heard many times that the Westerners expressed the priority of negotiations in limiting our drones and missile power,” he remarked. Emphasizing that it is necessary that officials motivate the brilliant and creative youth, the commander noted, “The officials should give hope and motivation to the youth and elites and be bold and risk-taking in their actions.” Indeed, Iran is now capable of exporting drones worldwide due to its revolutionary ideology and motivated youth. The revolutionary

ideology does not wait for the arrival of drones from other countries. They produce them Similarly, Iran’s President Ebrahim Raisi said In mid-July, American media leveled accusations against Iran and claimed that it was supplying Russia with drones. “We have information that the Iranian government is preparing to provide Russia with several hundred UAVs, including weapons-capable UAVs,” U.S National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan told CNN at the time. Citing U.S officials, CNN also said that Iran began showcasing the Shahed-191 and Shahed-129 drones, also known as UAVs or unmanned aerial vehicles, to Russia at Kashan Airfield south of Tehran in June. The Western propaganda came at a time when Iran has already said that it does not support the war in Ukraine and is of the opinion that the war should come to an end through dialogue. This propaganda could be aimed at undermining Iran’s technological advances. But Iran has made it clear that it will not stop advancing its

technology under any circumstances. FM meets family of Iranian citizen detained in Saudi Arabia during Hajj TEHRAN Iran’s Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian on Sunday met with the family of Khalil Dardmand, an Iranian national detained in Saudi Arabia during this year’s Hajj rituals. Amir Abdollahian informed the Hajj pilgrim’s family about the measures taken so far by his ministry and also future plans to secure Dardmand’s freedom as soon as possible. Amir Abdollahian assured the Dardmand family that the ministry will spare no efforts to secure the release of Iranian citizens detained abroad. Iran’s foreign ministry has reached out to Iraq and Oman in its efforts to get Dardmand released, according to the head of the Hajj and Pilgrimage Organization in Isfahan province. Alireza Sadeghi told Fars News on Sunday that the pilgrim has been detained in Saudi Arabia for taking photos and that the Hajj and Pilgrimage Organization has been following up his case. He said the

organization informed the foreign ministry of the issue and the ministry has asked Iraq and Oman to mediate and help release the pilgrim. “The representative of the Hajj and Pilgrimage Organization in Saudi Arabia is also monitoring the affairs and is ready to take immediate action in this regard if an order is received,” he added. On Thursday afternoon, Foreign Minister Amir Abdollahian also spoke with the father of Dardmand. In recent days, the foreign minister held separate talks with his counterparts from Iraq and Oman and asked for their assistance in releasing Dardmand in the shortest possible time. UAE says decision to send ambassador to Tehran is intended to restore bridges On Sunday, the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that Ambassador Saif Mohammed Al Zaabi will return to the Iranian capital, Tehran “in the coming days to contribute to pushing bilateral relations forward in coordination and cooperation with officials in Iran to achieve the common interests of

the two neighboring countries and the region.” TEHRAN – Anwar Gargash, the diplomatic advisor to the President of the Emirates, explained on Monday that the decision to return ambassador to Iran, after 6 years of withdrawing it, comes within Abu Dhabi’s regional orientation towards “restoring bridges” and strengthening relations. “The wise leadership’s decision to return the country’s ambassador to Tehran comes within the UAE’s regional orientation towards restoring bridges, strengthening relations, maximizing the common and building on it to create an atmosphere of trust, understanding and cooperation,” Gargash wrote on his Twitter account, according to Hoshyar Pakistan. Gargash added, “We are firmly convinced of the necessity of Arab and regional work and coordination for a stable region and a prosperous future.” The UAE downgraded its diplomatic relations with Iran in 2016 after the attacks on the Saudi embassy in Tehran and the Saudi consulate in Mashhad

during protests against Riyadh’s execution of prominent Shiite cleric Nimr al-Nimr. The ministry said in a statement that the decision comes within the framework of the UAE leadership’s keenness to strengthen its relations with Iran, and in implementation of its previous decision to raise the level of diplomatic representation to the rank of ambassador, and the phone call that took place on July 26 between Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and his Iranian counterpart, Hossein Amir Abdollahian in this regard. After years of animosity on different sides of geopolitical rivalries, the UAE started re-engaging with Iran, Al Jazeera reported on Sunday. Last year, Saudi Arabia also moved to improve ties with Iran at a time when the regional Arab states are closely eyeing efforts to revive Tehran’s 2015 nuclear pact with world powers. The UAE has business and trade ties with Iran stretching back more than a century, with the emirate of Dubai long being one of

Iran’s main links to the outside world. Fellow Persian Gulf state Kuwait earlier this month appointed its first ambassador to Iran since 2016. TEHRAN Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian on Saturday reiterated Tehran’s call for the release of the Iranian citizen jailed in Sweden. need for the Swedish court to hear from the witnesses and from Hamid Nouri himself. The accusations against Nouri arise from claims by members of the terrorist Mojahedin-e Khalq Organization (MKO). The accusations have been vigorously denied by Nouri. Amir Abdollahian discussed the matter in a meeting with Swedish ambassador to Tehran Mattias Lentz. Tehran has harshly criticized the Swedish court’s decision to sentence Nouri to life in jail, stating that the court is illequipped to handle the situation. Amir Abdollahian described the illegal court proceedings and verdict in the case of Hamid Nouri as unacceptable. He also underlined the necessity of his full acquittal and immediate

release. The Iranian foreign minister also called for ensuring Nouri’s basic rights, including access to medical services and contact with his family. The Swedish ambassador, in turn, promised to convey the issue to his government quickly, saying the policy of his country is continued consultations with the aim of maintaining and improving relations with Iran. Hamid Nouri, a former Iranian judiciary official charged in Sweden on false charges, has been held in solitary confinement for over three years, according to his son Majid Nouri who recently spoke to the press. The son also indicated that their family had recently been kept in dark about the father’s circumstances. “My father has not been able to contact his family and he has been held in solitary confinement for 1,000 days,” Majid Nouri told reporters. In November 2019, Hamid Nouri was detained upon arrival at Stockholm Airport. The former official was given a life sentence by a Swedish court in July. Iran has demanded

Nouri’s release and rejected the Swedish court’s ruling as unconstitutional. Nouri mentioned at a press conference held on Tuesday by the Judiciary spokesperson that the Swedish police just needed to express remorse for the abuse of his father. Nouri’s son said that his father hadn’t yet received the text of the judgment in Persian. “He hasn’t read the verdict, the choice of his new attorney hasn’t yet been made, and there are only around 40 days left for the appeal,” the son stated. Iranian Judiciary spokesman Masoud Setayeshi said last week that Hamid Nouri is being held in the worst circumstances possible. He is denied access to even basic rights like communication with his family, the spokesman said. Setayeshi emphasized the Nasser Kanaani, the spokesman for the Iranian Foreign Ministry, said in mid-July that the court’s statement is essentially twisted and undesirable, and that the court lacks legal jurisdiction to deal with the matter. The spokesperson

stated that Iran holds Sweden liable for the harm done to ties between the two nations by unsubstantiated remarks and the verdict. He asserted that the Swedish court system actively supports and promotes terrorism in contrast to Iran’s government, which opposes permitting a terrorist organization to operate freely. Kanaani lamented that Sweden had used its legal system to advance the evil intentions of the MKO terrorist organization. EU says Iran has given ‘reasonable’ response to proposal to restore nuclear deal Borrell hopes for U.S response on nuclear deal proposal this week TEHRAN - The European Union’s foreign policy chief said on Monday he hoped the United States would respond positively as early as this week to an EU proposal that aims to save a 2015 nuclear deal with Iran, US News reported. ‘this is the equilibrium we reached, I don’t think we can improve it on one side or the other’. and there was a response from Iran that I considered reasonable,” Borrell

told a university event in the Spanish city of Santander. Josep Borrell also said that Iran had given a “reasonable” response to the proposal, which follows 16 months of fitful, indirect U.SIranian talks with the EU shuttling between the parties. The contents of the proposal have not been made public. “It was transmitted to the United States which has not yet responded formally. I hope the response will put an end to the negotiations,” he added. “There was a proposal from me as coordinator of the negotiations saying An EU official has previously said the proposal is the bloc’s “final offer” to revive a pact suspended in 2018 by the administration of then-U.S President Donald Trump “The world would be a much safer place if we can make this agreement work,” Borrell said. Iran: U.S has not responded to our proposal yet TEHRAN Iran’s Foreign Ministry spokesman says that the negotiations for reviving the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is still

ongoing. Speaking at his weekly press conference on Monday, Nasser Kanaani referred to the oneyear anniversary of the Raisi administration, saying, “We were under the pressure of sanctions, regional crises and complex international conditions, but the adoption of a balanced foreign policy and intelligent interaction, as well as dynamic diplomacy have had their effects and results in practice. He went on to note that the government’s foreign policy is based on neighborliness policy, as well as Asia-oriented policy with emphasis on looking to the East. According to the diplomat, economic-oriented diplomacy is also among the plans that the government announced as the core of its agenda. “The Foreign Ministry has acted based on the government’s policies and based on the results, we see a good and promising status,” he remarked. Facing a question regarding the Vienna talks, the spokesman said that up until this moment, Iran has not received a response from the United States. “So

far, we have not received a response from the other party, specifically the American government to the proposals delivered by the European side. We should disregard the unofficial narratives, and in the atmosphere of negotiations, we should make comments and judgments about the official exchange of ideas of the countries regarding the negotiation process,” he noted. Stating that there has been a relatively good progress in the talks so far, Kanaani said that negotiations are a package of issues. “Until all issues are agreed upon, we cannot say that we have reached an agreement and prejudge or welcome the next step,” he added. words, we can move to the next stage,” the diplomat suggested. Kanaani noted that Iran had announced that it was seeking an agreement and its negotiators attended the Vienna talks with the aim of realizing the legal demands of the Iranian government and nation with determination. Iran will not condition its economy on the JCPOA revival As it has been

emphasized Discussing the remaining issues between Iran and the U.S, the repeatedly by high-ranking Iranian spokesman clarified that although officials, the Foreign Ministry the remaining one are few, they spokesman also said Tehran will not condition the are important people’s livelihood and decisions “Until all issues and the country’s should be made are agreed upon, economy to a and an agreement revival of the should be made we cannot say that JCPOA. regarding them. we have reached The diplomat “Iran has always went on to state been a serious, an agreement and his assumptions constructive and responsible prejudge or welcome on why the United States has not yet participant in the next step,” responded to Iran’s the negotiations, proposal, citing “the both in the past inaction of the European side, the and in the recent round, and after receiving the proposals of the internal issues of the American European side, it responded in government, the pressure of time and

showed the necessary extremists inside Washington flexibility in order to achieve an alongside the pressure of the Zionist regime’s lobby on the agreement,” Kanaani underlined. American government and the Lamenting Washington’s erosion of the negotiations” as indecision and erosion in main factors. responding to Iran’s proposal, However, he said, these factors Kanaani said he believes the “will not stop Iran from pursuing American government is its priorities.” responsible for the current The spokesman added if predicament of the JCPOA. Iran needs an agreement, the “In other words, the United American and European sides States is responsible for the nonneed it more. implementation of the agreement Zionist regime’s role regarding so far and the current situation. If it Iran has always been destructive seriously shows its political will in action along with its promises and Responding to a question about the Israeli lobby’s pressure on Washington, the spokesman said

it is in the interest of the American government to move the process of the talks forward based on the interests of the American people. “The role of the Zionist regime regarding Iran has always been destructive. We have no expectations from this regime and its nature is clear and its role has been to reject peace and stability,” the spokesman stated. “What is related to us is the legal interests of the Iranian nation, and it is the American government that must make a decision based on Washington’s interests,” he noted. Iran will never forget cowardly assassination of Gen. Soleimani The spokesman went on to reiterate that the government and the nation of Iran will never forget the cowardly assassination of Lieutenant General Qassem Soleimani, who was assassinated by the United States on January 3, 2020. “Iran’s position regarding the assassination of General Soleimani is clear, and the government and people of Iran will never forget the cowardly assassination of this

great commander by the American government. Revenge against the perpetrators of General Soleimani’s assassination cannot be forgotten and will not be amenable to reconciliation and compromise.” He added Iran will use all means to bring the assassinators of “this great general to the court of justice, and this issue will have nothing to do with the JCPOA revival negotiations.” Iran response is ‘reasonable,’ now what? TEHRAN – While the United States and its European allies are still tight-lipped about the response Iran submitted a week ago to the European Union’s final proposal, the EU coordinator for the talks broke the silence Monday on the response and lauded it a “reasonable.” The European Union’s foreign policy chief, Josep Borrell, said he had submitted a proposal to Iran and asked Iran to provide an answer. And then Iran gave its “reasonable” response. “There was a proposal from me as coordinator of the negotiations saying ‘this is the

equilibrium we reached, I don’t think we can improve it on one side or the other’. and there was a response from Iran that I considered reasonable,” Borrell said, according to Reuters. Borrell also appeared to be kept in the dark by the U.S and the E3 – France, Germany, and the UK – about the U.S response, as he expressed hope that the U.S will positively respond soon. He added, “It was transmitted to the United States which has not yet responded formally. I hope the response will put an end to the negotiations.” The EU’s chief diplomat hoped the United States would respond positively as early as this week to the proposal that aims to salvage the 2015 Iran nuclear deal, officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). the coming days,” he stated. Iran has shown flexibility but it’s unlikely to give up its rights in the talks. On Sunday, Iranian President Ayatollah Seyed Ebrahim Raisi underlined that Iran will not neglect its rights in any

negotiations. Although a week has passed since Iran submitted its response, the U.S is yet to make up its mind And it seems to be coordinating things with the E3. On Sunday, US President Joe Biden spoke with the leaders of France, Germany, and the UK. “They discussed ongoing negotiations over Iran’s nuclear program,” according to a White House statement. Pundits believe that the ball is now in the U.S’s court Reza Nasri, an expert on international relations, has said that Biden now faces a choice between accepting a text that is deemed reasonable by its Western allies and following in the footsteps of his predecessor, Donald Trump, which would amount to rejecting reason and wisdom. “The Biden administration should now either adhere to a text that even US Western allies deem ‘reasonable’; Or choose Trump’s way and hence reject ‘reason’ and ‘collective wisdom’!” Nasri said on Twitter. He added, “The ball is in Biden’s court.” The reasonability of the

Iranian response seems to be derived from Tehran’s logical demands and its huge flexibility. After submitting the response, Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian made it clear that the salvation of the JCPOA hinged on flexibility on the part of the U.S “America knows very well how much flexibility we have shown, now it is the turn of the American side to be flexible. In the recent Vienna negotiations, the American side expressed its verbal flexibility on two issues. This should be in writing,” Amir Abdollahian said, adding that a third issue existed on which the U.S should show flexibility “If America shows flexibility, we will reach a point of agreement in “We will not neglect the rights of the nation in any meeting and negotiations. The government will try to improve the country and resolve the problems with strength. We will not tie people’s living to any external factor and will diligently pursue solving the problems of the country and people,” he said,

addressing the 17th World Mosque Day meeting held on Sunday morning at the Organization of Islamic Culture and Communication. Borrell said Monday that a meeting is likely to be held this week in Vienna on reviving the nuclear deal. But this meeting depends on the response of the U.S If the US responds positively, the talks will probably enter a new stage. In his recent phone conversation with Omani Foreign Minister Badr Al-Busaidi, Amir Abdollahian underscored Iran’s goodwill and seriousness about reaching a good and lasting agreement. He said after receiving Washington’s response, if Iran is assured that it will enjoy full economic benefits from the deal and that its red lines are respected, all parties will enter a new stage in Vienna, according to the Iranian Foreign Ministry. Iran, Uzbekistan ink security MOU Frome Page 1 The Uzbek acting foreign minister, Vladimir Norov, said in late July that planning is underway for Iran to sign the document needed for its full membership

in the SCO in the next summit of the organization, which will be held soon, according to a Fars News report. Norov said the annual SCO summit would be held on 15-16 September. “It is also expected that the memorandum granting the status of dialogue partner in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Qatar will also be signed. In this way, the legal registration of their presence in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is completed in the mentioned format,” he added. He made the remarks after a meeting of SCO foreign ministers held in Tashkent. “The foreign ministers welcomed the requests of Bahrain and the Maldives to receive the status of dialogue partner in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The relevant decisions will be signed within the framework of the meeting of the Council of Presidents of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the city of Samarkand,” Norov said. “The parties are also actively considering Belarus’ request for full

membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” He noted, “In the framework of the meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers, opinions were exchanged regarding the preparations for the important event - the meeting of the Council of Presidents of the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which will be held on September 15 and 16, 2022 in the city of Samarkand. The foreign ministers coordinated a large package of documents for the upcoming meeting of the Council of Presidents.” He said these documents included the draft Samarkand statement, a comprehensive plan for the implementation of the Good Neighbor Agreement, friendship and long-term cooperation, the theory of cooperation for the development of interconnection and the creation of effective transportation corridors, the program of encouraging industrial cooperation, and the regulations for the honorary title of “Goodwill Ambassador of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” Turkey should

rectify views about Syrian developments, Iran says TEHRAN - Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Nasser Kanaani has said that the Turkish government should correct its view of developments in Syria and play its valuable and effective role in restoring peace, stability and tranquility to this country. “We are witnessing the development of new situations in Syria, and that the Syrian government has overcome the conditions of crisis and instability and achieved great success in the fight against terrorism,” Kanaani told a weekly press conference on Monday. “The Syrian government has shown that from the point of view of the Syrian people, it is a government that has been able to fight a strong war against terrorists, restore se- curity to sensitive areas in Syria and preserve the country’s sovereignty,” he remarked. Kanaani continued, “We are witnessing a gradual return of countries that left Damascus and closed their embassies during the past years as a result of

miscalculations. Now the situation is changing and some countries have opened their embassies and sent some delegations.” The spokesman called on Turkey to correct its view of the developments in Syria and start playing a constructive role in restoring peace to the war-torn country. “We believe that the Turkish government should correct its view of the developments in Syria and play its valuable and effective role in restoring peace, stability and tranquility to Syria,” he said, according to Al Alam. He added, “The course of developments is good, and the statements we hear from senior officials in the Turkish government are encouraging. We encourage this process We hope to witness practical steps in the future and see the beginning of constructive relations between Syria and Turkey.” The Foreign Ministry official said a resumption of ties between Turkey and Syria will benefit the two countries. “Rebuilding the relations between the two countries, resolving differences,

taking steps towards bilateral dialogues and resuming official relations will benefit both countries and peace and stability in the region and all countries in the region.” The Turkish foreign minister, Mevlut Cavusoglu, said earlier this month that there has to be a reconciliation between the Syrian government and the Syrian opposition, which sparked speculations about a possible Turkish move to restore ties with Syria. In the context of his response to questions related to his country’s policy in Syria, the Turkish minister revealed that he had held a “swift meeting” with his Syrian counterpart, Faisal Mekdad, on the sidelines of the Non-Aligned Movement meeting in October 2021. Iran-Saudi talks moving forward: Foreign Ministry TEHRAN – Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Nasser Kanaani said on Monday that the negotiation between Iran and Saudi Arabia to restore ties are making progress. Speaking at a regular press conference, Kanaani said, “Our relationship with Saudi

Arabia is based on bilateral issues and topics, and in our opinion, it has nothing to do with the process of talks to lift sanctions.” He added, “We have many common issues with Saudi Arabia, both in bilateral and regional areas, and we believe that talks to resume of- ficial relations between the two countries will meet the interests of both sides.” The spokesman said the two sides have taken “very good steps” to heal the rift between the two countries. “It is natural that there are differences of opinion and complex issues, but so far the process of negotiations has been positive and we have taken very good steps forward, but the resumption of relations is not a one-day action where negotiations are immediately carried out and the next step occurs immedi- ately,” Kanaani stated. “The important thing is that there is political will and Iran has taken a step in this direction, and so far we have seen reciprocal steps from the Saudi sides, and we should be optimistic

that we can take an effective step forward in the path of communication and diplomatic talks,” he pointed out. He went on to say, “Fortunately, the conditions in the region are good and we can hope that the regional relations between Iran and its neighbors are moving in a better direction.” Iran’s consul general in Peshawar meets Amir Abdollahian TEHRAN - Iran’s consul general in Peshawar, Pakistan, on Sunday met with Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian and gave him a report on the place of his mission. Amir Abdollahian underlined the importance of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and also the need to expand bilateral ties in different fields. IRAN IN FOCUS Meanwhile, the foreign minister gave some recommendations on all-out efforts by diplomatic missions of Iran in Pakistan to expand cooperation between Tehran and Islamabad. At the end of the 21st session of the Pakistan-Iran Joint Economic Commission held in

Islamabad this month, the two sides inked agreements to expand relations, espe- cially in trade and maritime areas. Iranian Transport and Urban Development Minister Rostam Qassemi and Pakistani Minister for Commerce Naveed Qamar inked four memorandums of understanding in the fields of trade, tourism, maritime, and media, IRNA reported. On the sidelines of the signing ceremony, the Pakistani official said the two neighboring countries are expected to sign a free trade agreement (FTA) within the next six months amid efforts to boost their bilateral trade to up to $4 billion per year. Iran and Pakistan are currently on a preferential trade arrangement under which the two countries have sought to reduce some trade barriers and tariffs. AUGUST 23, 2022 S t r a i g h t T r u t h TEHRAN TIMES Iran Greco-Roman champion of U20 World C’ships TEHRAN – Iran’s Greco-Roman wrestling team claimed the title of the U20 World Championships. The Iranian grapplers won three gold medals and two

bronzes in the final day in Sofia, Bulgaria. At 60kg, Saeid Esmaeili defeated Suren Aghajanyan from Armenia in the final bout. Alireza Mohammadi defeated Georgian Achiko Bolkvadze 9-1 in the final match of the 82kg. “Bolkvadze is a good wrestler and he won a gold medal last year at U17,” Mohmadip Piani said. “I won the Asian Championships So great bout but I won against him at the end.” “The weight class has many good wrestlers. We have Azerbaijan [Rafig HUSEYNOV] and Turkey [Burhan AKBUDAK] but I’m well trained and I think I can win,” he added. The third gold medal for Iran came in emphatic fashion as Ali Abedi Darzi won the 97kg weight class over Kazakhstan’s Iussuf Matsiyev 9-4. Danial Sohrabi in the 67kg and Amir Abdi in 72kg also won two bronze medals. Iranian wrestler Iman Mohammadi had also won a gold medal in the 63kg. Abolfazl Choubani (87kg) and Fardin Hedayati (130kg) had also claimed two silvers. Iran won the Greco-Roman title with 174 points. Azerbaijan

finished second with 119 points while Ukraine managed to jump to third with 93 points. Sherzod Temirov leaves Persepolis TEHRAN – Uzbekistan international forward Sherzod Temirov parted ways with Iranian football club Persepolis. The 23-year-old forward joined Persepolis from Uzbekistan’s Pakhtakor in early March but failed to meet the expectations. He scored just one goal for the Reds. Temirov will join another Iranian club Paykan. Former Esteghlal striker Cheick Diabate will reportedly join Persepolis in the coming days. Iran start 2022 AVC Cup for Women on high TEHRAN – Iran defeated South Korea in straight sets (25-10, 25-15, 25-13) in their opening match of the preliminary round of the 2022 AVC Cup for Women in Pool A on Monday. It was a historic win for the Iranian team. Aytak Salamatgharamaleki led all scorers on the board with 11 points, while Elahe Poor Saleh Shahdehsari added another 10 points for the victory. “As an Italian coach working in Iran, I am trying to

bring in a new methodology, how to select, scout and train talents. Iran has a huge number of players, and this gives a huge possibility to train these talents,” said coach Alessandra Kampedelli in an interview after the match on Monday evening. Iran have been drawn in Pool A along with the Philippines, South Korea, Vietnam and China. Team Melli will meet Vietnam on Tuesday. Pool B consists of Japan, Thailand, Kazakhstan, Chinese Taipei and Australia. The 2022 Asian Women’s Volleyball Cup, so-called 2022 AVC Cup for Women, is being held at the PhilSports Arena in Pasig, the Philippines from Aug. 21 to 29 The seventh edition of the Asian Cup, a biennial international volleyball tournament, is organized by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Philippine National Volleyball Federation (PNVF). 3 Alessandra Campedelli’s women have recently won a silver medal in the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games in Konya, Turkey. Iran battle back to beat Japan at 2022 Asian U20 Volleyball

Championship TEHRAN – Iran defeated Japan 3-2 (2725, 23-25, 23-25, 25-22, 15-8) at the 2022 Asian Men’s U20 Volleyball Championship on Monday. Iran are pitted against Japan and India in Pool B. The Iranian team will play India on Wednesday. The 2022 Asian Men’s U20 Volleyball Championship is the 21st edition of the Asian Men’s U20 Volleyball Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organized by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Bahrain Volleyball Association (BVA). The tournament is being held in Riffa, Bahrain from Aug. 22 to 29 This tournament serves as qualification tournament for 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men’s U21 World Championship. The top two teams will book their places at the World Championship. Iran’s Bam Khatoon ready for match against Sogdiana-W TEHRAN - Sogdiana-W head coach Sherali Bobokulov believes his side is more than ready for their AFC Women’s Club Championship 2022 (West) rematch against Bam Khatoon FC on Tuesday. It will

be a winner takes all match at the Markaziy Stadium, after both sides played to a 1-1 draw in their opener two days ago. Sogdiana-W had a slow start to their debut in the pilot tournament, but slowly dominated the match with Khabibullaeva Diyorakhon opening the scoring in the 20th minute, only to be denied a win when Zahra Ghanbari equalised for the Iranian champions. “I’ve analyzed the opponents in detail with our coaching staff,” said Bobokulov. “This will help us prepare for the next game and show what we can do. “You will certainly see it in the match. Due to the fact that we already know each other much better, we will play carefully. “The strong sides of our opponents are defense, discipline and the ability to fight to the end. We will take all these aspects into account and prepare accordingly.” Bobokulov said he has told his players they need to maintain their fighting spirit if they are to emerge victorious. “I told my team that we need to better prepare for

the next game, that we need to fulfil our goal without unnecessary emotions and worries. “The team is 100 percent ready for the next game. Today we did recovery training We have no problem with injured players. I believe that we will be able to achieve our goal,” Bobokulov added. Bam Khatoon head coach Marziyeh Jafaribaravati, meanwhile, is expecting an even more difficult match ahead, but is sure her charges will perform better than the first match. “It won’t be easier. In fact, because it’s the last match, it will be tougher,” said Jafaribaravati. “We analyzed the first match and the players are ready for the match. The match is like a final but as we have already played against them, I think we will play better. “All I can say to my players is to do their best and try as much as possible so we can go home happy,” she added. ECONOMY 4 TEHRAN - Iran’s official accessible foreign currency reserves have increased significantly in 2022, registering a more than

94 percent rise to exceed $41 billion, Tasnim News Agency reported on Sunday, citing data released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). AUGUST 23, 2022 S t r a i g h t T r u t h TEHRAN TIMES ‘MIMS Automobility Moscow, a serious start for Iran-Russia car manufacturing co-op’ international exhibition, so the Islamic Republic of Iran is the country with the largest presence in this exhibition, in a pavilion with 1,700 square meters of the dedicated hall and 900 square meters of booths, which is unique in the history of overseas exhibitions. Iranian automakers and auto part manufacturers are showcasing their latest products and achievements in this exhibition, which will run until Thursday. Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation Albert Karimov (R), Iranian Minister of Industry, Mining and Trade Reza Fatemi-Amin (C), and Iranian Ambassador to Russia Kazem Jalali (L) cut ribbon in MIMS Automobility Moscow 2022 inaugural ceremony From page 1 Alireza

Peyman-Pak said, “Automobile sector”, “auto parts” and “automobile value chain” are important axes that lay the foundation for the development of economic relations and the increase of commercial cooperation between the two countries. This is the largest presence of Iran at an Over 40 Iranian auto part manufacturing companies besides the two major Iranian automakers, Iran Khodro and Saipa, will discuss bilateral cooperation with their counterparts at this international event. In this four-day exhibition, the center for the exchange and transfer of technology and technical knowledge in the field of parts manufacturing and automobiles is considered, which is expected to use the high capacity of Iran in parts manufacturing due to the embargo on the Russian automobile industry. Negotiations regarding the creation of a joint platform between Iran and Russia or Iran, Russia and China are also underway, which have good prospects. Iran inks trilateral customs co-op MOU with

Russia, Azerbaijan TEHRAN – The Islamic Republic of Iran Customs Administration (IRICA) signed a trilateral memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the customs of Russia and Azerbaijan on Monday to facilitate the transit of goods between the parties, IRNA reported. The official noted that the activity of all commercial corridors passing through Iran has increased over the past year and commercial exchanges and transit of goods have risen significantly. “Iran’s customs diplomacy has been developed considering the country’s membership in the World Customs Organization as well as other conventions, especially with neighboring countries, and this has been the government’s priority regarding foreign trade,” the IRICA head said in an interview with national TV. Emphasizing that good measures have been taken to facilitate trade in different corridors, Moghadasi said: “The Islamabad-Tehran-Bazargan route for sending goods to Europe, as well as the EmiratesIran-Turkey, the

South-North and East-West corridors and Russia-Kazakhstan-TurkmenistanIran-India are the routes whose activity has been expanded to increase trade and transit.” According to the official, since the current government took office in August 2021, the transport policy of Iran has actively focused on The IMF put Iran’s foreign currency reserves at nearly $15 billion in 2019, a year after former U.S President Donald Trump unleashed a “maximum pressure” campaign on Iran by imposing “toughest ever” sanctions. It was a dramatic drop from the data in 2018 when Iran’s reserves stood at $122.5 billion The international financial institution blamed the nosedive on U.S unilateral sanctions, which blocked Iran’s access to its funds overseas. According to Tasnim, the decline deepened in 2020 to hit $12.4, the lowest in 18 years. close cooperation with the neighboring countries to enhance regional connectivity. Moghadasi noted that for the first time Iran has been granted permission

to launch an Asia-Pacific Regional Training Center for transport and transit courses, saying: “We can invite different countries for training, and there are many supporting institutions in this regard.” Regarding the control of smuggling from the country’s borders, the official said: “vulnerable border points and methods of smuggling have been identified so that they can be eliminated with timely planning and taking effective measures.” The policy of paying attention to neighbors and developing political and economic relations with neighboring countries in the current government, increasing attention to road and rail routes in the world, and the efforts and cooperation of transportation and trade-related organizations in establishing or activating corridors through the country have led to significant growth in transit of goods through Iran. However, the slide was reversed in 2021, after the current government administration took office and the country managed to add

approximately $8.9 billion to its ready-to-use deposit to reach Rasoul Kouhestani-Pajouh said that the export shows 15 percent fall in terms of weight, but no change in terms of value, as compared to the first four months of the previous year. He named ceramic products, fruits, cast iron and iron, nonorganic chemical products, carpets and flooring as the main exported products and Iraq, UAE, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Turkey, Italy, Ghana, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Myanmar, South Korea and Azerbaijan as the major export destinations. Kouhestani-Pajouh also announced that commodities worth $200.831 million have been imported to the province in the first four months of the present year. As previously announced by the official, the value of export from Isfahan province rose 56 percent in the past Iranian calendar year (ended on March 20), as compared to its previous year. He said that 2.151 million tons of TEHRAN – National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) is

planning to boost the country’s oil production to 4.038 million barrels per day (bpd) in the current Iranian calendar year (ends on March 20, 2023), Shana reported on Monday, quoting an official with the company as saying. According to Hormoz Qalavand, NIOC’s director of oil and gas production supervision, every year NIOC prepares a comprehensive plan to determine the targets for oil production and recovery maintenance, and in the current year the company has set it on the agenda to increase the country’s daily oil output capacity to 4.038 million “In addition to the detailed review of the plans, financial aspects of the programs have also been discussed in these meetings and an operational plan is formed in accordance with the country’s current economic conditions. The plan is now ready to be TEHRAN – Head of Iran’s Securities and Exchange Organization (SEO) Majid Eshqi has said the guidelines and regulations related to marketmaking activities at Tehran Stock Exchange

(TSE) should be amended. Speaking at a meeting of the Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mining and Agriculture (ICCIMA) Stock Market Committee on Monday, Eshqi also emphasized the need to introduce more goods to the Iran Merchandise Exchange (IME), and to stop interference in the stock market, the ICCIMA portal reported. During the meeting, the members products worth $1.355 billion were exported from the province in the past year, indicating also 14 percent growth in terms of weight. He named iron and steel, petrochemicals, carpets, and dairy products as the major items exported from the province, and Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkey, and Armenia as the major export destinations in the previous year. According to the data released by the Islamic Republic of Iran Customs Administration (IRICA), the value of Iran’s non-oil exports reached $17.24 billion in the first four months of the current Iranian calendar year, up 22 percent compared to the last year’s Over 6.132 billion

securities worth 32542 trillion rials (about $116.2 million) were traded at the TSE The first market’s index lost 8,002 points, but the second market’s index rose 1,158 points. TEDPIX rose 20,931 points (0.2 percent) in the past Iranian calendar week (ended on Friday). As reported, 40.58 billion securities worth 228.555 trillion rials (about $816267 million) were traded through 1.874 deals at the TSE in the past week. The number and value of traded securities rose $21.3 billion Based on the IMF data, despite being subjected to harsh sanctions over the past few years Iran’s economy was reported to be larger than 173 countries in the mentioned year. Tasnim attributed the jump in the country’s gross official reserves to the government of President Ebrahim Raisi’s active The International Monetary Fund has recently predicted that Iran’s GDP, based on purchasing power index, will increase by $137 billion in 2022 to $1.573 trillion approved by the NIOC board of

directors,” Qalavand added. According to the official, the most important items needed for achieving the targeted production capacity are drilling rigs, core tubes and the equipment needed for drilling new wells and repairing and restoration of existing wells. Modifying or replacing the coating of transmission pipelines, overhauling exploitation, desalination, and pressure boosting units, as well as repairing or replacing existing turbo-compressors are also among the measures that are needed to be taken to reach the targeted capacity, Qalavand said. Back in July, Qalavand said that NIOC was ready to return to the maximum level of oil production. “This would be rapidly done if the country needs to increase export, or domestic refineries need more feed”, Qalavand stressed. In early April, Oil Minister Javad Oji said that the country’s crude oil production has reached the presanction level. Saying that the current capacity of Iran’s oil production has reached more than 3.8

million bpd, the minister said, “We hope that through the efforts of all those active in this sector, we will reach higher figures in the exports of crude oil, gas condensate, oil products, and petrochemicals in [the current Iranian calendar year] 1400 (started on March 21)”. “By taking effective measures in onshore and offshore oil fields, drilling new wells, repairing wells, rebuilding and modernizing facilities, and oil collection centers, the current oil production capacity has reached before the sanctions, and we have no problem in performance and this amount of production”, Oji added. Market-making regulations should be amended: SEO head of the mentioned committee and the SEO head discussed recent issues in the stock market and exchanged ideas for resolving such issues. Regarding the activities of market makers, the attendees underlined the need for revising marketmaking guidelines and stressed the importance of defining a transparent income system for this sector.

Creating the necessary technical infrastructure for the implementation of algorithmic transactions in the capital market and holding think-tank meetings between market supervisors and same period. Based on the mentioned data, Iran exported 35.656 million tons of nonoil commodities in the mentioned four months, IRIB reported. Meanwhile, some 11.159 million tons of goods valued at $17.24 billion were imported into the country in the said period, indicating a 17-percent rise in terms of value compared to the last year’s same time span. In total, the Islamic Republic traded about 46.815 million tons of non-oil goods worth $34.48 billion with its trade partners in the first four months of the current Iranian calendar year, up 19 percent in terms of value, the IRICA data showed. TEDPIX falls 5,400 points on Monday TEHRAN- TEDPIX, the main index of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), fell 5,416 points to 1.424 million on Monday. In the latest ranking of the world’s largest economies by IMF,

Iran was ranked 20th and stands higher than many European countries such as Poland, the Netherlands, Argentina, Switzerland, Belgium, and Austria. Iran’s oil production capacity to reach 4.038m bpd Commodities worth over $420m exported from Isfahan province in 4 months TEHRAN- Commodities valued at $421.899 million were exported from Isfahan province in the first four months of the current Iranian calendar year (March 21-July 22), the director-general of the province’s customs department announced. According to the Islamic Republic of Iran Customs Administration (IRICA), Iran’s non-oil trade surpassed $100 billion in the past 11 months, after Raisi took office in August last year. It showed a 31 percent increase compared to the previous corresponding period. According to the international organization, the value of Iran’s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita when adjusted by PPP was $1.436 trillion in 2021 In order to provide the requirements and conditions to achieve

the mentioned goal, numerous technical, expert and management meetings have been held between NIOC and its subsidiary companies, Qalavand said. According to IRICA Head Alireza Moghadasi, based on the said MOU Iran’s access to Russia will be facilitated through Azerbaijan’s land borders. “Iranian trucks won’t need to wait in long lines to reach Russia and goods will reach their destination more quickly,” Moghadasi said. The Islamic Republic’s gross official reserves are seen to increase by about $20 billion from $21.3 billion in 2021 to reach $41.4 billion in 2022, the IMF data showed. Iran’s accessible foreign currency reserves exceed $41b in 2022: IMF diplomacy to offset U.S sanctions 30 percent and 34 percent, respectively, while the number of deals increased 114 percent in the past week from the preceding week. TSE is one of the four Iranian stock exchanges, the other three ones are Iran Mercantile Exchange (IME), Iran Energy Exchange (IRENEX), and Iran’s

over-the-counter (OTC) market, known as Iran Fara Bourse (IFB). market makers were also among the topics discussed at the mentioned meeting. As for the IME, focusing on cultural issues, providing clear and accurate information about the merchandise exchange, strengthening IME, introducing more commodities into the market and empowering it at the world level, focusing on the proper management of available liquidity, forming an expert group to review the experience of other countries, supporting the participation of knowledge-based companies in the IME and creating transparency in this area, developing commodity funds in the market, and establishing a strong law in order to deal with ordered pricing and interference in the market processes were the most important issues raised in the meeting. At the end of the gathering, Eshqi emphasized the need to attend the ICCIMA meetings to learn about the issues and problems that exist in the capital market, and suggested: “To deal with the

problems, it is necessary for the ICCIMA representatives to communicate with SEO and experts in the field.” Tax income up 65% in 4 months on year TEHRAN- Iran’s tax revenues increased 65 percent in the first four months of the current Iranian calendar year (March 21-July 22) from the same period of time in the previous year, Head of Iran’s National Tax Administration (INTA) Davoud Manzour said. Manzour noted that 2,500 people with tax debts were identified in the mentioned period and 12 trillion rials (over $44.2 million) of tax dues were collected from the mentioned people, IRNA reported. Iran’s tax income reached over 3.54 quadrillion rials (over $12.7 billion) in the previous Iranian calendar year (ended on March 20). Gas supplied to 1,670 rural families in Sistan-Baluchestan province TEHRAN- As announced by the managing director of Gas Company of Sistan-Baluchestan province, in southeast Iran, gas has been already supplied to 1,670 families in the rural areas of the

province. Mohammadreza Mir-Shekari also put the number of families supplied with natural gas at 110,070 in urban regions of the province. Back in mid-March, the managing director of National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) had said that gas had been supplied to 291 deprived villages in less than six months. Majid Chegeni said that the process of supplying gas to the rural areas has accelerated, especially with the approvals of the provincial trips of the president in the current government. The official has previously announced that all of the country’s rural and urban population will have access to natural gas through the national gas network within the next two years. According to Chegeni, currently over 98 percent of the urban population, as well as 90 percent of the country’s rural population, have access to natural gas through the national network. Currently, only a few cities and about 7,000 villages across the country have not been supplied with gas through the pipeline network,

the official has said. “Currently, 1,260 cities and more than 35,000 villages in the country enjoy natural gas through the national network,” Chegeni announced. World politics moving from the West to the East: academic From page 1 So far, the coalition leadership is publicly committed to serving out its term next summer. However, it could quickly fall apart if one of the parties in the coalition chooses to withdraw its support. power but to the current world order, which fails to question states like the United States and Israel when they break the rules and violate international law.” Historically, the policymakers in Pakistan have a soft corner for the Afghan Taliban. Islamabad has backed the Taliban for years. But, after the Taliban took power in Afghanistan, more problems than solutions have been created for Pakistan. Since August 2021, the TTP has been conducting operations along the Pak-Afghan border, often against Pakistani security forces. Apart from this, there is

political instability in Pakistan which is having negative effects on the economy of Pakistan. There is no strong indication that Pakistan is ready to take action against the Taliban. This may be due to ideological inertia in seeing the Taliban as the safest challenge to Indian influence in Afghanistan. It may also be due to the lack of a viable political alternative to support the Taliban in AUGUST 23, 2022 S t r a i g h t policy and move towards regional alliances with China and Russia. Four months into this new government, it seems that the balancing policy of the previous government has now shifted towards the United States. In my opinion, instead of pursuing an independent foreign policy, the new government is pursuing policies that are more in line with the wishes of the United States. How do you see Pakistan-India ties in the new government? The new government consists of eleven parties. The main objective of the coalition government coming to power is to create a political

vacuum and withdraw the cases filed against it and withdraw the electoral amendments to the constitution. So basically the objectives are national political interests. As far as relations with India are concerned, there is strong public sentiment for Kashmir. No party in the coalition government will dare to develop relations with India ignoring public pressure and sentiment. So, the new government, like the previous one, will find it difficult to move forward in improving ties with India, until concerns on Kashmir are addressed by India. Do you expect Iran, Pakistan, and China to form an economic alliance in the region? World politics is moving from the West to the East. China and Iran are showing signs of resistance not only to American power but to the current world order, which fails to question states like the United States and Israel when they break the rules and violate international law. The foundations of this order are established. There is growing talk that an anti-Western

alternative order may replace this dual purpose and hypocritical Western world order, and the countries that will lead the establishment of such an order will be eastern bloc countries. Pakistan, China and Iran are situated in the same region brimming with natural resources, blessed with geographic significance and endowed with massive economic potential. The prospects of trilateral cooperation are bright as apart from being geographically contiguous to one another, their strategic and economic interests also overlap. Economic initiatives of regional connectivity, being channelized mainly by China in this part of the world, are in total collaboration with Pakistan and Iran’s respective economic and foreign policies in the region. Therefore, in my opinion, China, Pakistan and Iran have a natural alliance and it should be based on economic and political interests. India set to overtake China The world is expected to have eight billion people living on it by 15 November this year,

according to the United Nations. And India will become Earth’s most populated country in 2023. the end of the century. In contrast, sub-Saharan African nations are likely to keep growing through 2100, while the next quarter century will see over half of the world’s population increase come from just eight nations. These are among the latest projections published by the UN in its World Population Prospects report, which also highlights the rapid decline in global population growth – now at its slowest rate since 1950 – continuing into the second half of the century. The UN predicts global population could reach a further 8.5 billion by the end of this decade, 9.7 billion by 2050, and peak at 104 billion by the end of the century. That’s a reduction of around 300 million people in 2100 from its estimates three years ago. It’s still higher than other projections in recent years, suggesting the world population might peak before the end of the century. Research from the

University of Washington published in 2020 predicted that the world population would peak at about 9.73 billion in 2064, observing that increases in female education and access to contraception would see declines in fertility and population growth. That followed a 2018 report from the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre that predicted a peak of 9.8 billion between 2070 and 2080, but also suggested rapid social development and education reach in line with sustainable development goals could see a They include India – which will overtake China to be the world’s most populous nation next year – the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and Tanzania. peak of 8.9 billion by 2060 The reason for these different projections comes down to the assumptions researchers make along the way. of population growth, stability and decline as their economies develop. From periods of stability with high birth and death rates, populations

increase as mortality drops. At the most basic level, explains Associate Professor Gour Dasvarma, from Flinders University in Adelaide, a population projection considers trends in birth and death rates. Over time, fertility rates begin to decline, causing stabilisation in population numbers. It’s only when death rates nudge above births that populations begin to naturally decrease. “Projections are done by extrapolating past trends, long term trends in fertility, mortality and migration for a country population,” he explains. “For the world population, migration doesn’t matter. For nations like those in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand, this demographic transition was completed between the pre-industrial era and the mid20th century – a period of about 200 years. “One of the things with the projections is that as and when new data become available, people will revise those. “But after 1950, some developing countries like China, other parts of

Southeast Asia [] and also Latin America have done it within 70 years because of the increase of contraceptives and faster decline in fertility,” says Dasvarma. “The latest predictions for the UN is that the world’s population will peak at 10.4 billion by 2100 and then it will start declining. “By that time, the trends indicate that fertility in most of the countries of the world will have declined to a sufficiently low level, the ageing of the population will take hold, and the so-called momentum of population growth will slow down.” What are the world’s population trends? Nations transition through cycles 5 Calls for restraint as attacks continue near Ukraine power plant The world is about to hit eight billion people “The cumulative effect of lower fertility, if maintained over several decades, could be a more substantial deceleration of global population growth in the second half of the century,” says UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs population

division director John Wilmoth. T r u t h TEHRAN TIMES place. Whatever the motive, the bottom line is that the Taliban are unwilling to act against the TTP in any meaningful way. Therefore, it is important for the Pakistani leadership to sit together and discuss the challenges through a strategic vision based on cooperation where the sovereignty and integrity of the state is ensured and its economic and strategic interests are protected regionally and globally. As for as the performance of this coalition government is concerned, they are accepting tough International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditions, Pakistan is known to bet on the U.S more than record inflation, energy crisis, stalled economic activities besides big tax breaks to favorites. The other powers Do you think the new government PDM government broke all records of inflation. is following policies that are more aligned with 21.2 percent CPI Inflation was recorded in July, the America’s wishes or it would return to China

as a highest in 14 years. The increase in petrol and diesel strategic partner? prices will affect the prices of public A politically unstable and transport, agricultural tube wells, economically weak Pakistan is “China and Iran tractors, food items and essential suitable for the U.S to achieve its commodities as the prices of all are showing strategic objectives. In fact, Pakistan daily commodities have increased is envisioned as a linchpin in U.S signs of by 30 to 50 percent. So far, this new regional strategy for South and government is moving the country resistance not Central Asia. The main reason for the into a new height of inflation, chaos of Imran Khan’s government only to American ouster and disorder in the society. was to pursue an independent foreign What is Pakistan’s stance towards the Taliban in Afghanistan? cooperation or tension? INTERNATIONAL With life expectancy projections increasing, nations in the Global South will continue to see their populations to do

likewise. Although more than half of the world’s population lives in East, South-east (29% of global population), Central and Southern Asia (26%), the UN expects these regions along with Latin America, the Caribbean, Europe and Northern America to begin declining before Populations are ageing quickly Two thirds of the world’s population now live in areas where lifetime fertility has dropped below 2.1 births Long term, that equates to zero population growth: one child to replace each parent in nations with low mortality. Leaders of the United States, United Kingdom, France and Germany have called for restraint around the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in Ukraine, as artillery shells continued to rain down on a city near the facility. In a statement on Sunday, the White House said the four leaders spoke by phone and discussed the situation at Zaporizhzhia, “including the need to avoid military operations near” the plant, which is Europe’s biggest atomic power

station. U.S President Joe Biden, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and French President Emmanuel Macron also spoke about the importance of a visit to the nuclear site by independent inspectors of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as soon as possible, it added. These decreases in national fertility rates will see populations age further in the coming years. By the century’s midpoint, 16% of the global population is expected to be aged over 65 – the same proportion as people under 12 years of age. It’s prompted the UN to recommend nations with ageing populations invest in social safety nets to meet the needs of older people. (Source: cosmosmagazine.com) “If the worst case happens, if there is a malfunction at the plant, if there is a radioactive cloud, and if it drifts into a NATO member country, what are they going to do? They likely talked about this. Remember, Article 5 of the NATO charter says a direct attack on any NATO

country means that NATO then instantly gets involved in the war. Well, would a radioactive cloud be considered a direct attack on that country?” said Culhane. The leaders issued a readout of their conversation as a message to the Kremlin and to Putin that “this issue is one that these leaders are taking very seriously,” said Culhane, and was intended to “send a message that they are working on what the response would be”. A flare-up in fighting around the nuclear power station, with both sides blaming each other for attacks, has raised the spectra of a disaster worse than in Chernobyl. The world’s worst nuclear disaster took place in 1986, about 110km (68 miles) north of the capital Kyiv, when an explosion at the plant’s fourth reactor sent clouds of radiation billowing across much of Europe. The White House said that during their talks on Sunday, Biden, Johnson, Scholz and Macron “affirmed their continued support for Ukraine’s efforts to defend itself against

Russian nuclear aggression”. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has previously said the consequences of a radiation accident at Zaporizhzhia “could be even more catastrophic than Chernobyl, and essentially the same as the use of nuclear weapons by Russia, but without a nuclear strike”. Nikopol was shelled on five different occasions overnight, regional governor Valentyn Reznichenko wrote on Telegram. He said 25 artillery shells hit the city, causing a fire at an industrial site and cutting power to 3,000 residents. United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres last week said he was “gravely concerned” at the situation around the facility, renewing his call for demilitarization of the plant. Russia meanwhile has accused Ukraine of preparing a “provocation” at the site that would see Moscow “accused of creating a man-made disaster at the plant”. The four leaders’ call came as Ukrainian officials reported the shelling of Nikopol, a city near Zaprozhzhia,

overnight. Local authorities also reported overnight missile attacks in Ukraine’s Odesa region, home to ports critical to a UN-brokered plan to help Ukrainian agricultural exports reach world markets again. Amid the fighting and the tensions, the French presidency on Friday said Russian President Vladimir Putin has agreed that IAEA inspectors can travel to the nuclear plant for an inspection. Five Russian Kalibr cruise missiles were fired from the Black Sea at the region overnight, a regional administration spokesperson said, citing information from the southern military command. Two were shot down by Ukrainian air defences, and three hit agricultural targets, but there were no casualties. Al Jazeera’s Patty Culhane, reporting from Washington, DC, said the four leaders were likely to have discussed Macron’s conversation with Putin, as well as contingency plans for a possible disaster Russia said on Sunday the missiles had destroyed an ammunition depot containing missiles for

U.S-made HIMARS rockets Kyiv said a granary had been hit. Russian ambassador says we ‘simply have no contact’ with Western diplomats spoken with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov once in the past six months. Gatilov said Western military support for Ukraine and preventing peace talks means the war will have a military end. “And so they [Kiev and its Western supporters] will fight until the last Ukrainian,” he said. COVID-19 has also impacted population data – with a drop in global life expectancy (now 71, down from 72.9 before the pandemic) and short-term decreases in pregnancies and births. But the pandemic’s impact was unevenly distributed around the world. In regions hardest hit by deaths, life expectancy at birth dropped by nearly three years. In contrast Australia and New Zealand saw this indicator increase by more than a year, likely thanks to border closures imposed throughout much of 2020. at Zaporizhzhia. In an interview with the Financial Times, a top

Russian diplomat says there is no communication with Western diplomats at the UN. The complete freeze in contact led the Kremlin to assess there is no possibility of a diplomatic solution to the war in Ukraine. Gennady Gatilov, Russia’s permanent representative to the UN in Geneva, told FT, “We do not have any contacts with the western delegations,” he said of his day-to-day work in Geneva. “On the protocol side we do not see each other?.???Privately we do not have any contacts, unfortunately?.???we simply do not talk to each other.” Lavrov said Ukraine made a workable proposal in March before Kiev broke off talks the following month. Multiple sources reported UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson visited Kiev as talks were progressing, discouraging Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky from engaging with the Kremlin. Gatilov praised Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan for attempting to facilitate a diplomatic end to the war in Ukraine. Ankara has hosted talks between Kiev

and Moscow. Turkey and the UN were essential in crafting a deal that allows wheat to be exported through Black Sea ports. He said the lack of contact between officials means there is no potential to end the war through talks. “Now, I do not see any possibility for diplomatic contacts. And the more the conflict goes on, the more difficult it will be to have a diplomatic solution,” Gatilov said. While Russia is happy with Turkey’s mediation efforts, FT reported two weeks ago that Western diplomats were concerned about Ankara’s ties with Moscow. On Saturday, Deputy Treasury Secretary Wally Adeyemo told Turkish Deputy Finance Minister Yunus Elitas that Russian companies and individuals are attempting to bypass Western sanctions in Turkey. Adeyemo warned the White House was attempting to enforce those sanctions. U.S Secretary of State Antony Blinken has only (Source: antiwar.com) TOURISM 6 AUGUST 23, 2022 S t r a i g h t T r u t h TEHRAN TIMES Off-road vehicles,

unlicensed tours banned from entering Abr forest According to the UN cultural body, Hyrcanian forests form a unique forested massif that stretches 850 km along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The history of these broad-leaved forests dates back 25 to 50 million years when they covered most of this Northern Temperate region. The woodland might be investigated through the mists and is viewed as perhaps of the most stunning regular scene in Iran by numerous sightseers. Because of the perfect and lavish nature of these woods, it is difficult to accept that its southern parts are lined by the somewhat infertile Khar Turan National Park. From page 1 These ancient forest areas retreated during the Quaternary glaciations and then expanded again as the climate became milder. Their floristic biodiversity is remarkable: 44% of the vascular plants known in Iran are found in the Hyrcanian region, which only covers seven percent of the country. To date, 180 species of birds typical of

broad-leaved temperate forests and 58 mammal species have been recorded, including the iconic Persian Leopard. Ruins of 13th academic complex getting ready to host visitors TEHRAN–The ruins of Rab’-e Rashidi, which was a thriving academic complex in northwest Iran centuries ago, are getting ready to host visitors, researchers, and cultural heritage buffs. During its long history, Rab-e Rashidi was damaged by natural disasters. Most of the structure is covered by six meters of soil and dust. Today it is an archeological site in Tabriz, East Azarbaijan’s capital. According to sources, thousands of students from Iran, China, Egypt and Syria studied their desired subjects here under the supervision of scientists, physicians, and Islamic scholars. More than 30,000 houses, stores, and other urban constructions existed in the residential quarter. Also known as the Rashid Foundation or Estate, the main function of Rab-e Rashidi was that of a university city, and its main purpose was

the study and documentation of Rashideddin’s writings. Furthermore, the foundation maintained a library, a hospice, a hospital, a Khanqah (a building designed for holding Sufi gatherings), and a tomb with winter and summer mosques. The tomb was originally that of Rashideddin, built by his son Muhammed Ghiyath. In addition to the components of the foundation, the estate also served as a residential quarter. It contained caravanserais, shops, baths, storehouses, mills, factories, and some 30,000 houses. The entire complex was surrounded by a wall that Ghazan Khan had begun building to enclose the entire city of Tabriz, and later by a second one that enclosed its suburbs. Rab-e Rashidi began to decline after the death of Rashideddin in 1318. Although Rashideddin’s son, Muhammed Ghiyath, attempted to expand the foundation after his father’s death, he too was put to death in 1336, and the foundation was again looted. A local ruler by the name of Malek Ashraf later took over the site

in 1351 and expanded it further by building fortifications, mosques, hospitals, and schools. Today, the historical elements of the Rab-e Rashidi can no longer be identified. All that remains are masonry bases of the fortifications that were built either during the 14th century or by Shah Abbas in the 17th century. The most prominent of the masonry bases still extant has a rectangular projection, which is believed to have been the foundation of an astrological observatory mentioned in Rashideddin’s writings. In addition, mosaic fragments that may date from Rashideddin’s time up until the Safavid period were also found at the site. with its historical sites, makes it a top tourist destination, Mohammad Sheikh said on Monday. Exploring a cave may not be on the “to-do list” of travelers in Iran. However, Karaftu, Ali-Sadr and Quri Qaleh, and Katale-Khor are among the most visited caves. Among the capacities that can contribute to the growth and development of tourism are caves

and rock shelters in the heights of Dargaz, the county’s tourism chief has said. The amazing nature of the region, along The carpet, which bears depictions of various national flags as well as iconic monuments, was unveiled at an exhibition dedicated to handwoven rugs and carpets in Tehran, ISNA reported. Two different versions of the rug are right now being woven in Tabriz, which has long been a thriving hub for handwoven carpets. According to experts, they are sought after internationally for their delicate designs and high quality. One of the carpets will be presented to the emir of Qatar while the third one will be kept in the Islamic Republic, the report said. Moreover, an exhibition of Iranian handicrafts and hand-woven carpets is planned to be held on the sidelines of the Qatar World Cup, the spokesperson of the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade said last week. Doha will also host five more Iranian Iran is geologically a part of the AlpineHimalayan organic belt. According

to the Britannica Encyclopedia, the enigmatic evidence of human presence on the Iranian plateau is as early as Lower Paleolithic times. The first well-documented evidence of human habitation is in deposits from several excavated cave and rock-shelter sites, located mainly in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran and dated to Middle Paleolithic or Mousterian times (c. 100,000 BC) exhibitions in the fields of food, furniture and chandeliers, decoration, construction materials, clothing, Islamic fashion, hotel and catering, and technical and engineering services, the official added. Back in May, Iran’s Cultural Heritage, Tourism, and Handicrafts Minister Ezzatollah Zarghami and Qatar’s Minister of Culture and Sports Abdulrahman bin Hamad bin Jassim bin Hamad Al-Thani met in Tehran, exchanging views on how to facilitate tourism during the major event. Zarghami says the country must take the immense opportunity to introduce the county to the international spectators of the major event.

“A significant number of travelers, mostly young people, would arrive in Qatar to attend the World Cup It provides an exceptional opportunity for us to promote tourist attractions of the country.” Head of the Iranian Tour Operators Ebrahim Pourfaraj believes the World Cup should be a turning point in Iran’s tourism industry. “By attracting World Cup spectators to Iran, the Iranian tourism industry could secure a brighter future.” There is also a need for the Iranian southern islands of Kish and Qeshm to re-affirm their accommodation centers’ capacity to receive foreign travelers, he noted. Iran football team became the 14th team to book their place in the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Moreover, the ‘Persian Leopards’ became the first Asian team to book their place in a major competition. Iranian travel insiders, Pakistani fellows discuss ways to expand religious tourism Shia Muslims; his sister Hazrat Masumeh (SA); his brothers Ahmad and Mohammad; as well as the late founder

of the Islamic Revolution Imam Rouhollah Khomeini. TEHRAN–On Sunday, Pakistan’s Karachi hosted a business-to-business (B2B) meeting between Iranian travel insiders and counterparts from Pakistan to boost and promote religious tourism. Tourism between the two countries was discussed during the meeting along with removing obstacles and identifying problems, CHTN reported on Monday. As a result of the meeting, the Iranian private tourism sector expressed its strengths and capabilities in various areas and the Pakistani side raised its challenges and obstacles. Khorasan Razavi to boost cave tourism TEHRAN–Tourism authorities in Dargaz county in Khorasan Razavi province plan to boost cave tourism in the region. TEHRANOn Monday, Iran unveiled a handwoven carpet it is going to present to the FIFA Museum in the near future. Other issues were also discussed during this meeting, including providing the necessary infrastructure in the transportation sector, extending insurance

coverage, visa issuance obstacles, and accepting the PCR test for travelers, the report added. A team of constructors is currently busy creating a special tourist route to the historical site, CHTN quoted East Azarbaijan province’s tourism chief as saying on Sunday. Founded by Hulagu Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, Rab-e Rashidi served as an academic complex in the 13th century during the Ilkhanid era. Hulagu took with him many Chinese scholars and astronomers, who helped the famous Persian astronomer Nassereddin al-Tusi learn about the Chinese calculating tables. 2022 World Cup: Iran unveils carpet to be presented to FIFA Museum Due to Pakistan’s role in the development of tourism as one of the five target countries of Iran, solving the challenges between the two countries is of great importance. Iran is home to hundreds of shrines, Imamzadehs, mausoleums, churches, and even fire temples amongst other religious destinations which are dedicated to different faiths. Among the

top destinations for international tourists to Iran are the religious cities of Mashhad, Qom, Shiraz, and the capital Tehran. These cities are respectively home to the holy shrines of Imam Reza, the eighth Imam of A unique time for visiting Iran for religious tourists is during the first ten days of the lunar month of Muharram, when Iranians, who are mostly Shia Muslims, hold special ceremonies to commemorate the martyrdom anniversary of Imam Hussein (AS), the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his 72 loyal companions. Based on available data, some 700,000 Pakistani pilgrims annually traveled to Mashhad to visit the holy shrine of Imam Reza (AS) before the coronavirus outbreak. Mashhad is the prime destination for Pakistani travelers who come to go on pilgrimage to the shrine of the eighth Shia Imam. According to official data, the holy shrine of Imam Reza (AS) hosts an average number of 500,000 pilgrims each day. Restoration work begins on Maragheh observatory corridor are six

rooms, the pair at each end being smaller than the rest. Outside the main building towards the south, south-east and north-east are five circular constructions. These were the places where the smaller observational instruments were once mounted. TEHRAN–Centuries-old Maragheh observatory in East Azarbaijan province, northwest Iran, has undergone some rehabilitation work, the provincial tourism chief has said. Flooring, painting the structure’s dome, installing new lighting systems, and developing green spaces are parts of the project, Ahmad Hamzezadeh said on Sunday. The project is carried out in collaboration with Maragheh Municipality, the official added. Construction of the Maragheh observatory commenced in the mid-13th century under the patronage of Hulagu Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, who selected Persian polymath Nasir al-Din al-Tusi as the director of the observatory. Abundant evidence suggests astronomers at Maragheh carried out complicated programs in observational

and computational astronomy to update the Ptolemaic parameters. Experts say ideas initiated by the Maragheh school created a considerable impact beyond the Islamic territories and influenced the astronomical revolution of the 16th century. According to the UNESCO Astronomy and World Heritage Web portal, the Maragheh observatory represents a new wave of scientific activities in the Islamic world in the 13th century, it had a key role in the development of some sophisticated pre-Copernican non-Ptolemaic systems for explaining the planetary motions, and it was the model for several observatories that were built in Persia, Transoxiana and Asia Minor up to the 17th century. In addition, the Maragheh observatory represents a turning point in the development of alternatives to Ptolemy’s planetary models that were compatible with Aristotelian cosmological principles. These elaborate models, together with further innovations developed at the Samarqand observatory and later at Damascus,

found their way to Europe and formed a critical part of the mathematical tools that enabled Copernicus to create the heliocentric model of the universe. The scientific institute had the main building for the observational equipment, some auxiliary buildings, and accommodation quarters. The central structure is circular at 22 meters. A 15m-wide entrance opens into a 3.1m-wide corridor that marks the meridian line and contains the remains of the mural quadrant, of which 5.5m has survived. On each side of the central There is also a separate building, with an area of 330 square meters, which is assumed to be once the library of the observatory. In addition, archaeologists have discovered a unit where the metal parts of the instruments were cast and assembled. The observatory and its surroundings were excavated in the 1970s by an Iranian archaeological team supervised by P. Vardjavand They recovered the remnants of 16 original constructional units: some are located at the central

observatory building, while others are assumed to be auxiliary structures. There have not been any further investigations since this time. In recent years, a dome-shaped shelter has been constructed above the remnants to preserve them from further destruction. Tourism projects to come on stream in northern Iran sectors of the province. TEHRAN–A total of 23 tourism-related projects are scheduled to be inaugurated in the northern province of Golestan on the occasion of Government Week (August 24-30), the provincial tourism chief has said. This budget is set aside for 55 projects in the areas of tourism, cultural heritage, and handicrafts, he mentioned. Golestan is reportedly embracing some 2,500 historical and natural sites, with UNESCOregistered Gonbad-e Qabus –a one-millenniumold brick tower– amongst its most famous. A budget of 506 billion rials ($1.7 million) has been channeled into the projects, Rahman Farmani explained on Monday. The projects include an eco-lodge unit,

apartment hotel, travel agency, and tourism farm in different cities across the province, the official added. Some 130 job opportunities are estimated to be generated upon the inauguration of the projects, he noted. Back in May, the official announced that the Iranian government has allocated some 1.1 trillion rials ($3.7 million) to the tourism and handicrafts Narratives say the tower has influenced various subsequent designers of tomb towers and other cylindrical commemorative structures both in the region and beyond. The UNESCO comments that the tower bears testimony to the cultural exchange between Central Asian nomads and the ancient civilization of Iran. 37 environmental projects to be inaugurated The country has been repeatedly exposed to sand and dust storms due to its presence in the arid and semi-arid part of the world, so in 2006-2007, the dust storms originating in Iraq and Syria affected Iran, haunting a wide area of the country so that it reached the central areas

and southern slopes of Alborz and also included Tehran. The projects will be inaugurated in 14 provinces of East Azarbaijan, Semnan, Qom, Golestan, Yazd, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Isfahan, Sistan-Baluchestan, Fars, Mazandaran, Qazvin, Khuzestan, and Lorestan, Ali Salajeqeh, head of the Department of Environment (DOE), said on Monday. The credits of the public sector for the implementation of these projects were about 370 billion rials (nearly $1.3 million) and the credits of the private sector were 1.3 trillion rials (around $4.6 million), he noted During the environment week (June 6-12), 88 environmental projects were implemented in 20 provinces of the country, he highlighted. Dealing with environmental issues Urban development, expansion of AUGUST 23, 2022 S t r a i g h t agricultural lands, large-scale tree cutting, and destruction of forests under the pretext of road and dam construction, which led to subsequent drying of wetlands and rivers, extinction of plant and animal species,

sand and dust storms, and the occurrence of various sea and land environmental problems. According to estimates, 16.4 tons of soil erodes in Iran per hectare, which is more than three times the global average. A total of 2 billion tons of soil erosion occurs in Iran annually, and the volume has been on the rise in recent years due to heavy floods. Each ton of soil is valued at $28 in terms of metal ores, so the loss of two billion tons of soil annually means the annual loss of $56 billion, which is more than revenues from the sale of oil and agricultural products, gardens, livestock, poultry, and fisheries. Meanwhile, according to the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), 11 percent of the Iranians are affected by mild drought, 21.5 percent of whom also are under pressure of moderate drought; while severe drought is exerting pressure Air pollution is responsible for around 40,000 premature deaths in Iran annually, Mohammad-Sadeq Hassanvand, head of the air

pollution research center at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, has said. Between 4,000 and 5,000 people residing in the capital city of Tehran lose their lives per year due to air pollution, according to statistics published by the ministry of health in 2019. Abdolreza Daneshvar Amoli, an official with the Iranian Biological Resource Center affiliated with the Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) said in 2019 that 150 species of animals in Iran are on the verge of extinction. Nanotechnology holds 30% share of registered patents TEHRAN- Some thirty percent of all Iranian patents registered in the United States and Europe are related to nanotechnology. nanotechnology sector reveals that the country exported $553 million worth of nanotechnology products in the Iranian calendar year 1399 (March 2020-March 2021). Iran ranked 24th in 2021 for its patents registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), IRNA reported. According to the

report, 12,199 articles related to nanotechnology were indexed by Iranian researchers in the Web of Science (WoS) in 2021, equaling 41.5 percent of total nanotechnology articles published in that year. According to the national nanotechnology development headquarters, Iran patented 307 innovations by the end of 2021 at registration offices in the United States and Europe. The patents related to nanotechnology at USPTO were 21 in 2021, while 34 other innovations were also being registered in the office. A comprehensive report on the development of the According to StatNano, nearly 202,000 nano-articles were issued in JCR- (Journal Citation Reports) indexed journals, accounting for approximately 8.2 percent of the total articles indexed in WoS in 2021. Alternatively stated, about 8 percent of all scientific publications across the globe are in the field of nanotechnology. These figures put Iran in fourth place in the world compared to the year 2000 in which Iran had published just 8

articles in the field of nanotechnology, ranking the country 58th in the world. In terms of the ratio of nano-articles to the total number of articles, Iran still possesses the highest share in this index with 18.7 percent of the total articles falling in the category of nanotechnology The ratio of nano-articles to the total number of articles published in Iran is the highest in the world, highlighting the amount of attention and priority given to nano-sciences in the country. Iran ranked 43rd among the 100 most vibrant clusters of science and technology (S&T) worldwide for the third consecutive year, according to the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2020 report. T r u t h TEHRAN TIMES on 32.5 percent of the people TEHRAN – On the occasion of Government Week (August 24-30), 37 environmental projects will come of stream across the country. The projects include renovating natural history museums; launching air quality monitoring stations; dredging rivers; building waste

incinerators, and opening wildlife clinics. SOCIETY 7 300,000 more foreign students to educate in Iranian schools From page 1 The new academic year will begin with 16 million students attending schools nationwide, Nouri said. Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei has placed special emphasis on “covering the education of foreign nationals” and this enabled these students to enjoy educational facilities and services just like Iranian students, he said. Iran is home to over 800,000 registered refugees and some 2.6 million undocumented Afghans Today, more than 500,000 Afghan children- including undocumented Afghans and those who have newly arrived in Iran following the Taliban-takeover-are benefitting from Iran’s inclusive education policies, one of the most progressive in the world. Many of the refugees living in Iran are the second and third generation, according to the UNHCR. Iran spends about 20 trillion rials (nearly $77 million) every year on the

education of foreign national students residing in the country, head of the international affairs department of the Ministry of Education Gholamreza Karimi said in March 2020. Foreign students Iranian universities Currently, foreign nationals constitute 1.64 percent of the country’s student population, which is about 0.14 percent higher than the goal set by the Sixth Five-Year National Development Plan (2016-2021), Mohammad Javad Salmanpour, the deputy head of the Iran spends Organization for Student Afabout 20 trillion fairs, said in April. rials (nearly $77 million) every year on the education of foreign national students. attend Some 57,675 foreign nationals from 133 countries are studying in Iranian universities, 30,600 of whom are studying in universities affiliated with the Ministry of Science, while 25,000 others are receiving education at Azad University and about 2,000 in medical universities. Twenty-five percent of the foreign students studying in Iranian universities

are Afghan nationals, he added. Afghan students attend Iranian universities in three ways; some enter the university by participating in the national entrance exam of Iran, and some others receive admission from universities that have non-Iranian student licenses. The third group also attended the country’s universities through scholarships, he explained. Many of the Afghan students are studying master’s and Ph.D courses in Iranian universities, he added BIRDS IN IRAN Se d con An nc nou e Part 6 nt me In other cases, individuals breeding in north or central Iran tend to be migratory, while many or all of the individuals breeding in the south are sedentary. IN THE NAME OF GOD ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN BROADCASTING INTERNATIONAL SINGLE-STAGE TENDER No: 1401/103-36/03 Tender Holder: ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN BROADCASTING (IRIB) Subject of Tender : Leasing 3MHz bandwidth capacity on TürkmenÄlem Satellite for 3 years in accordance with the technical specification and other

terms and conditions mentioned in the tender documents. In a third group of species, mainly those breeding in the highlands of north and west Iran, there is some movement of individuals, particularly young birds, out of the breeding grounds into the central desert basin and southern lowlands in the autumn. 98 species are breeding summer visitors, with the great bulk of the Iranian breeding population migrating in autumn either southwest to winter in the Arabian peninsula and Africa or southeast to winter in the Indian subcontinent. Tehran to host INOTEX 2020 in June The fee of the tender documents and how to deposit it: Submission of payment receipt for the amount of 1,000,000 Rials to account 4101029171204273 with BIC No.IR 310100004101029171204273 IRAN Central Bank in the name of IRIB. The 9th International Innovation and Technology Exhibition (INOTEX 2020) will be held at Tehran Permanent International Fairground on June 7-10. It is expected that more than 18,000 people will

attend the event which is aimed to attract investment for startups and introduce investment opportunities to them. Over 500 companies, startups, and investors will set up booths at the exhibition representing their latest achievements, with more than 600 B2B sessions and 20 side events to be held during the three-day event. Established in 2012, INOTEX is a platform for innovation and technology, which seeks to introduce latest technologies to large and medium-sized industries in addition to connecting customers of technology products to their manufacturers, and also introduces investors to the opportunity to invest in technological projects or start-ups. Time and place of opening Qualification Evaluation envelopes: The date of opening the Qualification Evaluation envelopes is on Saturday 01 Oct 2022 (1401/07/09) at 10:00 a.m in the office of International Purchasing Dept. Time and place of opening Envelopes: The envelopes A of those eligible participants who meet the qualification

criterion and approval of Technical and Commercial committee will be opened on Sunday 02 Oct 2022 (1401/07/10) in the office of Financial Vice President .In case of complete content in the envelopes A the envelopes of B and C of eligible participants will be opened at the same time and place. The participant must be qualified by the competent authorities. Fore more information please see : www.iribofficeir/tenders and http://ietsmporgir/ Tel: 00982122167053 Purchasing (Kala) Dept.,IRIB Of the non-breeding visitors to Iran 86 species are winter visitors from breeding grounds. Two-thirds of these are waterfowl (particularly ducks, geese, swans, and shorebirds) and birds of prey Banding studies have shown that the bulk of ducks wintering in Iran originate from breeding grounds in the basin of the Ob and Irtysh rivers in Western Siberia. To be continued LEARN NEWS TRANSLATION Place of receiving the tender document: Interested participants may refer to purchasing (KALA) Dept. ,4th Floor

of IRIB Administration Complex ,Hotel Esteghlal St. Vali –Assr Ave,Tehran, Iran Time and place of delivering Bidding Envelopes: The sealed (A,B&C) packages/envelopes and the qualification evaluation package/envelope separately packed , should be submitted no later than 09:00 a.m on Saturday 01 Oct 2022 (1401/07/09) at the address mentioned in 4th clause In many species, a small number of individuals occasionally overwinter in the extreme southwest or southeast of Iran. ENGLISH IN USE Deadline and how to receive the tender documents: From Monday 22 Aug 2022 (1401/05/31) 08:00 a.m until Wednesday 24 Aug 2022 (1401/06/02) by 02:00 pm with presentation of introductory letter by company or its representative and the receipt of paying the documents fee. Type and amount of guarantee for participation to tender: The amount of deposit for participating in tender is USD 8/100 fixed or its equivalent in Rials 2/110/000/000 which should be in the form of Bank Guarantee. Among a few

species there seems to be a “migratory divide,” with birds breeding in western Iran migrating southwest in autumn and those breeding in eastern Iran migrating southeast, e.g, swallow Hirundo rustica and sand martin Riparia riparia ۲۰۲۰‫تهرانمیزباننمایشگاهاینوتکس‬ ‫در خرداد‬ ‫) با شعار‬۲۰۲۰ ‫نهمین نمایشگاه بین المللی نوآوری و فناوری (اینوتکس‬ ‫ خرداد ماه سال‬۲۱ ‫ تا‬۱۸ »‫«اکوسیستم نوآوری و فناوری زیر یک سقف‬ .‫ در محل دائمی نمایشگاه‌های بین‌المللی تهران برگزار می‌شود‬۹۹ ‫ نمایشگاه اینوتکس با هدف اصلی «جذب سرمایه برای استارتاپ‌ها‬،‫به گزارش ایرنا‬ .‫و شرکت‌ها و نیز معرفی فرصت‌های نوین سرمایه‌گذاری» برگزار می‌شود‬ ‫

«دیجیتال» و «توسعه پایدار» تمرکز‬،»‫این نمایشگاه بر سه حوزه «هوشمندسازی‬ ‫ آموزش آخرین استراتژی‌های‬،‫ اطالع از آخرین تغییرات نوآوری منطقه‬.‫می‌کند‬ ‫ یافتن بازار‬،‫کارآفرینی با حضور فعال کارشناسان و صاحب‌نظران ملی و بین‌المللی‬ ،‫ و نیز جذب سرمایه برای استارتاپ‌ها و شرکت‌ها‬،‫جدید برای محصوالت و خدمات‬ .‫از دیگر فرصت‌هایی است که برای شرکت‌کنندگان در نمایشگاه اینوتکس وجود دارد‬ ‫ هزار نفر از این نمایشگاه بازدید خواهند‬۱۸ ‫پیش بینی می شود بیش از‬ ‫ و سرمایه‌گذار در این نمایشگاه‬،‫ استارتاپ‬،‌‫ شرکت‬۵۰۰ ‫ بیش

از‬.‫کرد‬ ‫ رویداد‬۲۰ ‫ و بیش از‬B۲B ‫ جلسه‬۶۰۰ ‫غرفه خواهند داشت و بیش از‬ .‫جانبی برگزار خواهد شد‬ COVID-19 UPDATES ON AUGUST 22 New cases 4 ,08 8 Total deaths 1 43,4 49 Total recovered patients 7,241,811 New deaths 62 New hospitalized patients 8 92 Diagnostic tests conducted 53,665,028 Total cases 7,51 0,702 Patients in critical condition 1 ,328 Doses of vaccine injected 153,677,247 TEHRAN TIMES w w w.t e h ra n t i m e s c o m Managing Director: Mohammad Shojaeian TEHRAN – Vocalist Homayun Shajarian along with Siavosh Ensemble will be in Canada during September to delight the fans of Persian music with performances of their memorable songs. Editor-in-Chief: Ali A.Jenabzadeh Editorial Dept.: Fax: (+98 21) 88808214 88808895 Email: info@tehrantimes.com Switchboard Operator: Tel: (+98 21) 43051000 Advertisements Dept.: Telefax: (+98 21) 43051430 Public Relations

Office: Tel: (+98 21) 88805807 Te h r a n t i m e s 7 9 Subscription & Distribution Dept.: Tel: (+98 21) 43051603 Printed at: Jame Jam Bartar Borna - 44197737 No. 18, Bimeh Alley, Nejatollahi St, Tehran, Iran P.o Box: 14155-4843 Zip Code: 1599814713 AUGUST 23, 2022 GUIDE TO SPIRITUAL AWAKENING One who rushes madly after inordinate desire, runs the risk of encountering destruction and death. Imam Ali (AS) Prayer Times Noon:13:07 Evening: 20:03 Dawn: 5:01 (tomorrow) Sunrise: 6:30 (tomorrow) Iranian calligraphy (khattati, khoshnevisi) Part 3 2. The particular shape of each letter, both when standing alone and when joined by a ligature; 3. The shape of the letter, whether consistent or erratic and whether easily legible and graceful; 4. The spaciousness or crampedness, the proportion of straight to round strokes, the openness or blotching of the so-called eyes (chashm) and loops, and the presence or absence of tufts (sarak, sorra) on letters; 5. The size of the elongations,

ranging from a full elongation, which may be three times as long as an alef, to a short elongation; 6. Whether a pen is moved rapidly or slowly; and 7. The special purposes for which each script was used. To teach calligraphy practice sketches (siahmashq) and models for practice (sar-mashq) have been in com­mon use. Siah-mashqs are sheets on which a calligrapher has written rows of letters and letter combinations for practice, usually in nastaliq or shekasta-nastaliq. Besides attesting to the skill and zeal of the writer, a siah-mashq often has a pleasing appearance and some­times displays virtuosity. For this reason practice sketches by leading masters are included in the treatises on calligraphy. Sar-mashqs are specimens of good handwriting that teachers give pupils to copy out for practice. Collections of sar-mashqs are reproduced and published in textbooks, and recently works of great masters have been made available to students of calligraphy. The following scripts will be

discussed here: Kufic, naskh, mohaqqaq, rayhan, thulth, tawqi’, reqa’, ghobar, ta’liq, nastaliq, shekasta-nastaliq and shekasta, toghra. Kufic The Kufic script was in common use in Persia for five centuries following the Arab conquest, mainly for copying the Quran and for decorating buildings, vessels, and books. The use of decorative (moshajjari) Kufic script attained its highest artistic perfection in Persia, where it was widely used up to the 16th century and continued thereafter to be cultivated up to the present time. Two main styles of Kufic script can be distinguished: One, used in manuscripts, has simple shapes, of which one-eighth to onesixth are round and the rest straight; when used for decorative purposes it is called mowashah or tazyini. The other, used on buildings, is entirely straight and is called ma’qeli or bannai; its degree of legibility depends on the design. In several surviving specimens of manuscript Kufic the letters have been written separately and

then joined by hair-thin lines written with the comer of the nib. Some modern scholars regard this as a distinct style resembling Pahlavi and Avestan writing; they therefore describe it as Persian-style Kufic. The following early manuscripts are considered to be in the so-called Persian-style Kufic: a folio of the Quran in the library of the Astan-e Qods-e Razavi at Mashhad; part of the Quran written by Osman ibn Hosayn Warraq and dated 1073-74 in the same library; Quran written in the 11th century, in the Toledo Museum of Art; some folios of the Quoran written in Persia in the 11th century, in Berlin; ms. of the Sefat al-Shi’a of Shaikh Saduq; ms of the al-Abnia an haqa’eq al-adwia of Abu Mansur Heravi, written by Asadi Tusi, in the Vienna Public Library; ms. of the Tahdid nehayat al-amaken le- Vocalist Homayun Shajarian to tour Canada with Shiavosh Ensemble tas’hih masafat al-masaken of Abu Rayhan Birunu, dated 1025 and probably in the author’s own handwriting, in the Fatih

library, Istanbul; ms. of the Tarjoman al-balagha of Mohammed ibn Omar Raduyani, dated 1113-14 and copied by Abul-Hayja Deylamsopar, in the Fatih library, Istanbul; Tafsir-e Qor’an-e pak, in Lahore Univer­sity library. Persian-style Kufic has been fully described by Faza’eli. Among modern researchers, Rokn ad-Din Homayun Farrokh is alone in identifying the script of the above-named and some other manuscripts, including the chapter titles (onwan) of Manafe al-hayawan written at Maragha in 1291, 1297-98, or 1299-1300, now in the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York, with the Piramuz script mentioned by Ebn al-Nadim. They will reprise “Be Rang-e Seda” (“In Color of Voice”), a series of concerts performed at the Grand Hall of the Interior Ministry in Tehran during July. The concert tour will begin on September 2 at Meridian Hall in Toronto, which will also host the ensemble and their fans the following night for two more performances. All the performances are completely sold

out. The ensemble will be in Montreal on September 4 to perform at Théâtre Maisonneuve. They will give their next performance on September 5 at Theater im Hafen in Montreal. The group will leave the city for Vancouver to stage another gig at the Orpheum on September 10. The final leg of the concert tour will be held on September 11 at Jack Singer Concert Hall in Calgary. Shajarian will perform a repertoire of his songs and some memorable hits by his father during the concerts, which will be conducted by Arash Guran. Vocalist Homayun Shajarian performs with Siavosh Ensemble in his concert “Be Rang-e Seda” at the Grand Hall of the Interior Ministry in Tehran on July 10, 2022. (Tasnim/Masud Shahrestani) “Be Rang-e Seda” was so warmly received by Iranian concertgoers in Tehran that the organizers extended the concerts for several days due to popular demand. Earlier this month on Swiss National Day, Shajarian was honored with a letter of appreciation that the Embassy of

Switzerland in Tehran handed over to him “for his outstanding contribution to the field of culture and art.” Frome Page 1 She was heavily influenced by Abbas Jalali Susanabadi, who was famous for his innovative approach to miniature, which is known as Persian painting in Iran. Ahmad Golchin-e Ma’ani has suggested that the Quran folio in the Astan-e Qods library may be Piramuz. These surmises, however, are unproved and not supported by other researchers. In Kufic the bottoms of alefs are usually bent backward. In some varieties the pen is moved slowly, in others quite quickly, but in general more slowly than in other scripts, and it cannot be swung back freely. Some styles, for instance ma’qeli, acquire a virtually pictorial appearance. In an interview published by the Tehran Times in 1999, Afshanpour said that miniature paintings are also produced in China and India, and noted that the best miniature paintings have been created by Iranian artists. The amounts of

“blackness” (i.e, written matter, not necessarily black) and “white­ ness” (e.g, background, not necessarily white) are as a rule carefully planned so as to mark off words or groups of words. Its legibility depends on the width of the spacing and the extent of the use of extraneous lines and frills to fill gaps. In ma’qeli Kufic of medium legibility the spaces are not large, and extra­neous lines are not inserted. In the difficult variety designs are carefully planned so as to make the gaps part of the reading. Specimens of ma’qeli Kufic can be seen in some of the Timurid and Safavid mosques and edifices at Mashhad, Isfahan, and elsewhere. Today there are still a few tile designers expert in ma’qeli, which is sometimes (but not often) still used in decorative tile-work on buildings. Naskh “Sheik Sanan and the Christian Girl” by Afshanpour is one of the works recorded in a file sent by Iran to UNESCO for registration on the Representative List of the Intangible

Cultural Heritage of Humanity. She produced the artwork based on the Sheikh Sanan story from Persian poet Attar Neyshaburi’s “The Conference of the Birds”. Her paintings have been showcased in solo and group exhibitions in Iran and several countries, including Lebanon. Master miniaturist Mahin Afshanpur is seen creating a painting in an undated photo. of international perspectives about historic events. This fascinating volume explores the historical and cultural events leading up to and following the student movements of the 1960s. Qoqnus is the publisher of the book, which originally came out in 2012. It has been rendered into Persian Fatemeh Shadab. The book is from the series “Perspectives on Modern World History”, which provides multiple views of momentous events in recent history. Each book helps readers develop critical thinking skills, increase global awareness, and enhance their understanding Readers will learn about issues surrounding the goals of the activists,

black power, feminism and the role of drugs and music. Front cover of the Persian edition of Alexander Cruden’s book “Student Movements of the 1960s”. This book also includes personal narratives from people who experienced the student movements of the 1960s. Essay sources include Lyndon B. Johnson, Kathie Sarachild, Kathryn Jean Lopez and the U.S House Committee on UnAmerican Activities Personal narratives include a girl’s experience of feminism in the sixties, and Mario Savio’s tense words about the California students who were facing trial. Cruden has also authored “The End of Apartheid”, “The Bosnian Conflict” and “Watergate” for the series “Perspectives on Modern World History”. An interview with Davoud Amirian, the author of the book “World Cup” When the war began, I was just ten years old and in the third grade. In 1982, we arrived in Tehran I wanted to be in the front but couldn’t because I was young and immature, but in 1985 I finally

succeeded. * And you also wrote a book about the war in the first place, right? A similar variety of naskh, sometimes looking almost like ta’liq, is found in Persian translations of the Quran up to the 11th and 12th centuries. After Ebn Moqla had formulated the basic principles and rules of calligraphy and defined the geometric shapes of the letters, that is from the late 9th and early 10th century onward, naskh advanced beyond its primitive phase and in the course of time attained such a degree of beauty that most Korans and other books came to be written in it. The video was produced to encourage people in the battle against the virus during the home quarantine. “I often work from night until morning,” Afshanpur said adding, “At dawn, when I hear the call to prayer, I feel that I am close to God. The peace I feel at that time cannot be explained by words.” TEHRAN – “Student Movements of the 1960s” by Alexander Cruden has been published in Persian in Tehran. The

earliest example is a page of a land conveyance deed thought by D. S Margoliouth to have been written in 1010-11, but it may be older. The naskh script at first stood on a par with Kufic. Its original, defective, form was called Hejazi Later, while Kufic became an art, naskh was used for communication. During the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020, Shajarian and Guran along with the Tehran Philharmonic Orchestra recorded “Student Movements of the 1960s” leading to Iranian bookstores For ordinary writing purposes the Persians used a variety of naskh which differed somewhat from both the old and new style of naskh. A complete work in this style is the ms. of the Hedayat al-mota’allemin fi’l-tebb of Abu Bakr Rabi ibn Ahmad Akhawayni, dated 1085-86, in the Bodleian library at Oxford. a video of the memorable Iranian song “Morghe Sahar” (“The Bird of Dawn”) in collaboration with a number of world-renowned musicians that included German violist Tabea Zimmermann and

German-Egyptian double bass player Nabil Shehata. Top miniaturist Mahin Afshanpur passes away at 81 Inspired by numerous Persian classical poets such as Ghazali, Rumi, Khayyam, Attar and Hafez, she created a massive collection containing over 400 works that are preserved in private collections and several museums. The ma’qeli or bannai style is an unadorned form of Kufic consisting entirely of straight lines set vertically or at acute or obtuse angles. Swiss Ambassador Nadine Olivieri Lozano, who attended a Shajarian’s performances for “Be Rang-e Seda”, praised Iranian culture on her Instagram post reading, “My heart is filled with respect and gratitude to a culture rooted in several thousands of years in this beautiful country.” Davoud Amirian was born in Kerman in 1970, began writing in 1990 with his diaries from the front, and is currently active in several genres including children’s and teenage literature, comedy, novels, and martyr biographies. He has released

roughly thirty books thus yet. * Are you from the south? Or from Kerman? No, even though I was merely born there, Kerman is not where I come from. My dad was from Azerbaijan He was a free man who frequently traveled. We visited several other cities as a result, and my siblings are all from various cities. We moved back to Tehran in 1981 after spending two years living in Abadan. Source: Encyclopedia Iranica * Where did you first experience the tension of war? To be continued At the time of the revolution, I was in first grade. Yes. My very basic first piece was called “Goodbye Karkheh.” I’ve always loved reading, and in 1989 I discovered the Art Bureau of the Islamic Ideology Dissemination Organization. After that, I gained confidence and decided to pursue my passion in this field more. * To learn how to write, did you participate in any classes or courses? I believe that writing is a skill that cannot be learned in a writing class. They merely present the foundation. What

makes the author successful is the effort and passion behind it. I primarily learned this by reading. * There is a noticeable sense of seriousness about the war. How did you hilariously convey a serious environment? Every nation and religion considers war to be abhorrent and violent, and anyone who embraces it is sick. We were forced into this war, which we had neither desired nor sought to engage in. Our defenders were from the common people, and they included all different types of people. like a neighborhood where many types of individuals live. I had never experienced anything else like what I had at the front. And, there is definitely fun when the environment is like real life. * How do you separate the story worlds of teenagers and adults? I don’t believe in separation at all! I believe that teenagers can read and understand anything just as well as adults. * Where would you recommend that young people who are interested in writing go for ideas for stories to write? We are

surrounded by ideas! A newspaper may have two or more topics on each page. For instance, I recently read about a dog that got lost and had to walk 700 kilometers to get home, and this may be a really interesting subject for a piece of writing. The best kind of human capital is experience. You just have to be cautious and curious. If someone lives alone, even on a remote island, their life will be the subject of numerous novels. * Which author’s story would you most like to write? The book Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. It’s also possible that he envies me for not creating my stories