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Rules of the Road in Chichester Harbour Avoiding collisions and navigating safely 01243 512301 www.conservancycouk Introduction All boats using the Harbour are subject to the International Rules for Preventing Collisions at Sea: known as the Collision Regulations (COLREGS) or Rules of the Road. Most incidents in the Harbour are caused by ignorance or misunderstanding of a few key rules: this leaflet aims to explain these and act as a reminder but should not be regarded as a substitute for for building a thorough understanding of the COLREGS. The full COLREGS cover a large and often detailed amount of information which can appear daunting on first sight. There are however many books, cards and online learning aids that help distil this information down to a learnable amount which will give you a sound working knowledge. ! Being equipped with this knowledge will make your boating safer for . everyone and certainly more enjoyable. Here we have used the terms ‘give way boat’ for
the boat required to keep clear, and ‘stand on boat’ for the one in normal circumstances should hold course. For the purposes of the Col Regs, a motor boat is any boat that is motoring or motor-sailing. The term port is used for left and starboard for right. The rules must be interpreted in seamanlike way if collisions are to be avoided. It should be noted that no vessel has a right of way and a ‘stand on’ vessel must take action if a risk of collision occurs. There are also special ISAF racing rules that apply between sailboats which are racing however the Col Regs continue to apply between racing and non racing boats and take precedence. 2 Rules of the Road: Chichester Harbour Rules which apply to and between all boats ! Avoiding dangerous situations (Rule 2) Though the rules state which boat should give way in every case, Rule 2 requires the . stand on boat to avoid danger and deal with any special situation in a seamanlike way. For example if the give way boat has
lost control or is unable to keep clear, the 8 on boat must take avoiding action to prevent a collision. stand Keeping a look out (Rule 5) One of the simplest but most important rules, but it’s all too easy to get distracted whilst boating. Many a near miss or collision could have been avoided by just looking. As well as sight, remember to listen and use all other available means (such as Radar) to assess the situation and any risk of collision. N 8 8 Safe speed (Rule 6) Skippers are expected to sail or motor at a speed which enables them to keep clear of other boats, allowing for the conditions. Safe speed may be . affected by the characteristics of the boat, number of other boats around, the wind and current direction and strength, and the width of the channel. This safe speed will often be less than the harbour speed limit of 8 knots! Narrow channels (Rule 9) ! All boats should keep to the right, and as close to the edge of the channel as is practical. Anchoring in a
narrow channel breaks Rule 9 The term narrow channel is relative and depends upon a vessels’ means of propulsion, size, manoeuvrability and the . prevailing conditions. For instance all vessels should treat mooring fairways as narrow channels where as broader stretches of water may only be considered narrow channels by larger vessels. . 3 Rules of the Road: Chichester Harbour 8 The red boat is not overtaking the green boat Overtaking (Rule 13) Sail or power, racing or not, if you are approaching another vessel from astern (22.5 degrees abaft her beam to be precise) and going to overtake, you must keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken. The vessel being overtaken must.maintain course and speed. 22.5° 67.5° The yellow boat is overtaking the green boat Avoiding a collision (Rules 8 and 16) The give way boat should make its avoiding manoeuvre obvious, and in plenty of time. This is its means of communicating with the other boat! It should also pass at a safe
distance: this . means a bigger margin for error than many racing manoeuvres. Standing on (Rule 17) To avoid misleading the give way boat, a stand on boat should not change course or speed, This is especially important where a non racer has to give way to a racer: though the racer may wish to alter course he must ‘stand on’ until the give way boat is clear. Of course, if it becomes obvious that the give way boat for some reason not keeping clear, the stand on boat must avoid a collision. If this late avoidance involves a turn, it should generally be to starboard. This will avoid ‘shadow dancing’ , if both boats turn simultaneously. . 4 Give Way Hierarchy Responsibility Between Vessels (Rule 18) When two different types of boat meet in situations not covered above, the following priorities apply. 1 Motor Boat gives way to Sailing Boat 2 3 Boat engaged in Fishing gives way to boat with Restricted Ability to Manoeuvre 4 Sailing Boat gives way to Boat engaged in
Fishing Boat with Restricted Ability to Manoeuvre gives way to Boat Not Under Command 5 Rules of the Road: Chichester Harbour Rules which apply between motor boats ! Motor boats meeting head on 1 3 (Rule 14). Both should alter course to starboard, and pass port to port side. This is logical, and consistent with rules 9 and 17. 2 3 3 2 1 3 2 N 8 2 1 (Rule 15) 1 Give way Boat Stand on Boat ! Motor boats on crossing courses The boat that has the other on its starboard side is the give way boat. In most circumstances it should turn to the starboard and pass behind the stand on boat. The phrase ‘if to starboard red appear, ‘tis your duty to keep clear’ can be a helpful way to remember this one. The red being the colour of the light on the port side. . 6 N 8 Rules which apply between sailing boats wind direction Sailing boats on opposite tacks (Rule 12 (i)) Stand on Boat ! 8 Unless one boat is overtaking another, the boat on the port tack is the
give way boat. A boat is on a port tack if her main boom is on the starboard side. Give way Boat wind direction . Give way Boat Sailing boats on the same tack (Rule 12 (ii)) The boat that is furthest to windward is the give way boat. The8windward side is the side opposite to the main boom. N Stand on Boat wind direction . Stand on Boat Not sure (Rule 12 (iii)) ! Give way Boat A port tack boat may be unsure of which tack a boat to windward is on, if for example its boom is obscured by a spinnaker. In this case, the port tack boat is the give way boat. . 7 Signals Signals & Lights & Lights Signals Signals Signals & Signals Lights Signals & Lights &Lights Lights & Lights & Lights Signals and When anchored, motor sailing, fishing,restricted restricted in ability to manoeuvre, notnot under When anchored, When anchored, motor sailing, motorfishing, sailing, fishing, restricted in ability in to ability manoeuvre, to manoeuvre, or notor or under
command, under command, the following the following signals are signals mandatory. are mandatory. Using and Using understanding and understanding When When anchored, When anchored, When anchored, motor When anchored, motor sailing, anchored, motor sailing, fishing, motor sailing, fishing, motor restricted sailing, fishing, sailing, restricted fishing, in restricted ability fishing, in restricted ability to in restricted manoeuvre, ability to in manoeuvre, ability to in manoeuvre, ability or to not manoeuvre, or to manoeuvre, not or not or not or not command, the following signals are mandatory. Using and understanding the correct under command, under command, under command, theunder following command, the following command, thesignals following the signals following the aresignals following mandatory. are signals mandatory. are signals mandatory. Using areismandatory. are Using and mandatory. Using understanding andway Using understanding and Using understanding and and understanding
and understanding theunder correct thesignals correct will signals clarify will which clarify boat which is the boat give way the give boat, andboat, avoid avoid signals will clarify which boat is the give way boat, and avoid misunderstandings. the correct the correct the signals correct the signals will correct the signals clarify correct willsignals clarify which willsignals clarify which will boat clarify will which isboat the clarify which boat is give the which is way boat give theboat, boat is way give theis boat, and way give theavoid boat, and give wayavoid way and boat,avoid boat, and avoid and avoid misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. Anchored Anchored Anchored Motor-sailing Anchored Anchored Motor-sailing Motor-sailing Motor-sailing Fishing Motor-sailing Fishing Fishing Not Fishing under Fishing NotNot under Notunder under Restricted Not under Not Restricted under Restricted in
Restricted in Restricted Restricted inin in in Anchored Anchored Motor-sailing Motor-sailing Fishing Fishing Not under Restricted in (Rule (Rule 30) 30) (Rule 30) (Rule 30)30) (Rule (Rule 30) 25e)30) (Rule 25e) (Rule 25e) (Rule (Rule 25e) (Rule 26) 25e) (Rule 26) 26) command (Rule command 26) 26) command command ability command ability to ability ability to ability to ability to to (Rule (Rule (Rule 25e) (Rule 25e) (Rule 26)(Rule (Rule 26) command command to ability to (Rule (Rule 27a) (Rule 27a)27a) (Rule 27a) manoeuvre (Rule 27a) manoeuvre 27a) manoeuvre manoeuvre manoeuvre (Rule (Rule 27a) manoeuvre manoeuvre (Rule (Rule 27b)(Rule (Rule 27b) (Rule 27b) (Rule 27b)27b) 27b) 27b) (Rule Motor Motor Boats Motor Boats Motor Boats Motor Boats Boats Motor Motor BoatsBoats Motor boats Sailing Sailing Sailing Boats Sailing Boats Sailing Boats Boats Boats Sailing Sailing BoatsBoats Sailing boats MotorMotor boatMotor boat Motor Motor boat Motor boat Motor boat Motor boat boat Motor Motor
boat Motor boat Motor boat Motor boat boat Sailing Motor boat Sailing Motor boat boat Sailing boat boat Sailing boat Sailing Sailing boat Sailing boat Sailing Sailing Sailing Sailing SailingSailing Sailing underunder 7m, under 7m, under under 7m, under 12m, under 7m, under 12m, under 7m, under 12m, under 20m, under 12m, under 20m, 12m, under under 20m, under under 7m 20m, under 7m 20m, yacht under 7m yacht under under 7m yacht under yacht 7m yacht under yacht under yacht under yacht under under yacht under yacht under under Motor Motor Motor boat boat Motor boat boat Motor Sailing boat boat Sailing boat Sailing Sailing Sailing Sailing less than less 7boat than less combined than 7less combined 7less thancombined than 7 Motor combined 7combined combined combined combined shows combined shows white combined shows white shows white 20m shows white 20m white 20m20m 20m 20m 20m 20m 20m 20m under 7m, under under 7m,knots under under 12m, 20m, under 20m, 7mto under yacht yacht yacht under
under yacht under knots knots knots masthead masthead knots masthead &12m, lantern & masthead lantern masthead & for lantern & forunder light lantern &forto lantern light forto light combined for light combined light to7m combined tounder tricolour combined tricolour combined tricolour tricolour tricolour stern light7 stern light sidelights light stern sidelights stern light sidelights light prevent sidelights prevent sidelights prevent sidelights prevent sidelights prevent & sidelights lantern &sidelights lantern & sidelights at lantern & at &lantern at at less thanless 7stern than combined combined combined combined shows white shows white 20m 20m 20m 20m orat lantern collision collision collision sternlight sternlight collision sternlight masthead sternlight masthead sternlight masthead masthead masthead knots knots masthead masthead & lantern & for lantern light for to collision light combined to combined tricolour tricolour stern
lightstern sidelights light sidelights prevent prevent sidelightssidelights & lantern & atlantern at collision collision sternlightsternlight masthead masthead Chichester Chichester Chichester Harbour Chichester Harbour Chichester Conservancy Harbour Conservancy Harbour Conservancy Harbour Conservancy Conservancy Harbour Harbour Office, Harbour Office, Harbour Itchenor Office, Harbour Itchenor Office, Itchenor Office, Itchenor Itchenor Chichester Chichester Chichester PO20 Chichester PO20 7AW Chichester PO20 7AW PO20 7AW PO20 7AW7AW Chichester Chichester Harbour Harbour Conservancy Conservancy www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk Harbour Harbour Office, Itchenor Office, Itchenor November November November 2008 November 2008 November 2008 20082008 01243 01243 512301 01243 512301 01243 512301 01243 512301 512301 Chichester Chichester PO20 7AW PO20 7AW www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk
www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk 2008 2008 01243 512301 01243 November 512301 November www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk Chichester Harbour Conservancy The Harbour Office, Itchenor, Chichester, West Sussex PO20 7AW T: 01243 512301 E: info@conservancy.couk www.conservancycouk
the boat required to keep clear, and ‘stand on boat’ for the one in normal circumstances should hold course. For the purposes of the Col Regs, a motor boat is any boat that is motoring or motor-sailing. The term port is used for left and starboard for right. The rules must be interpreted in seamanlike way if collisions are to be avoided. It should be noted that no vessel has a right of way and a ‘stand on’ vessel must take action if a risk of collision occurs. There are also special ISAF racing rules that apply between sailboats which are racing however the Col Regs continue to apply between racing and non racing boats and take precedence. 2 Rules of the Road: Chichester Harbour Rules which apply to and between all boats ! Avoiding dangerous situations (Rule 2) Though the rules state which boat should give way in every case, Rule 2 requires the . stand on boat to avoid danger and deal with any special situation in a seamanlike way. For example if the give way boat has
lost control or is unable to keep clear, the 8 on boat must take avoiding action to prevent a collision. stand Keeping a look out (Rule 5) One of the simplest but most important rules, but it’s all too easy to get distracted whilst boating. Many a near miss or collision could have been avoided by just looking. As well as sight, remember to listen and use all other available means (such as Radar) to assess the situation and any risk of collision. N 8 8 Safe speed (Rule 6) Skippers are expected to sail or motor at a speed which enables them to keep clear of other boats, allowing for the conditions. Safe speed may be . affected by the characteristics of the boat, number of other boats around, the wind and current direction and strength, and the width of the channel. This safe speed will often be less than the harbour speed limit of 8 knots! Narrow channels (Rule 9) ! All boats should keep to the right, and as close to the edge of the channel as is practical. Anchoring in a
narrow channel breaks Rule 9 The term narrow channel is relative and depends upon a vessels’ means of propulsion, size, manoeuvrability and the . prevailing conditions. For instance all vessels should treat mooring fairways as narrow channels where as broader stretches of water may only be considered narrow channels by larger vessels. . 3 Rules of the Road: Chichester Harbour 8 The red boat is not overtaking the green boat Overtaking (Rule 13) Sail or power, racing or not, if you are approaching another vessel from astern (22.5 degrees abaft her beam to be precise) and going to overtake, you must keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken. The vessel being overtaken must.maintain course and speed. 22.5° 67.5° The yellow boat is overtaking the green boat Avoiding a collision (Rules 8 and 16) The give way boat should make its avoiding manoeuvre obvious, and in plenty of time. This is its means of communicating with the other boat! It should also pass at a safe
distance: this . means a bigger margin for error than many racing manoeuvres. Standing on (Rule 17) To avoid misleading the give way boat, a stand on boat should not change course or speed, This is especially important where a non racer has to give way to a racer: though the racer may wish to alter course he must ‘stand on’ until the give way boat is clear. Of course, if it becomes obvious that the give way boat for some reason not keeping clear, the stand on boat must avoid a collision. If this late avoidance involves a turn, it should generally be to starboard. This will avoid ‘shadow dancing’ , if both boats turn simultaneously. . 4 Give Way Hierarchy Responsibility Between Vessels (Rule 18) When two different types of boat meet in situations not covered above, the following priorities apply. 1 Motor Boat gives way to Sailing Boat 2 3 Boat engaged in Fishing gives way to boat with Restricted Ability to Manoeuvre 4 Sailing Boat gives way to Boat engaged in
Fishing Boat with Restricted Ability to Manoeuvre gives way to Boat Not Under Command 5 Rules of the Road: Chichester Harbour Rules which apply between motor boats ! Motor boats meeting head on 1 3 (Rule 14). Both should alter course to starboard, and pass port to port side. This is logical, and consistent with rules 9 and 17. 2 3 3 2 1 3 2 N 8 2 1 (Rule 15) 1 Give way Boat Stand on Boat ! Motor boats on crossing courses The boat that has the other on its starboard side is the give way boat. In most circumstances it should turn to the starboard and pass behind the stand on boat. The phrase ‘if to starboard red appear, ‘tis your duty to keep clear’ can be a helpful way to remember this one. The red being the colour of the light on the port side. . 6 N 8 Rules which apply between sailing boats wind direction Sailing boats on opposite tacks (Rule 12 (i)) Stand on Boat ! 8 Unless one boat is overtaking another, the boat on the port tack is the
give way boat. A boat is on a port tack if her main boom is on the starboard side. Give way Boat wind direction . Give way Boat Sailing boats on the same tack (Rule 12 (ii)) The boat that is furthest to windward is the give way boat. The8windward side is the side opposite to the main boom. N Stand on Boat wind direction . Stand on Boat Not sure (Rule 12 (iii)) ! Give way Boat A port tack boat may be unsure of which tack a boat to windward is on, if for example its boom is obscured by a spinnaker. In this case, the port tack boat is the give way boat. . 7 Signals Signals & Lights & Lights Signals Signals Signals & Signals Lights Signals & Lights &Lights Lights & Lights & Lights Signals and When anchored, motor sailing, fishing,restricted restricted in ability to manoeuvre, notnot under When anchored, When anchored, motor sailing, motorfishing, sailing, fishing, restricted in ability in to ability manoeuvre, to manoeuvre, or notor or under
command, under command, the following the following signals are signals mandatory. are mandatory. Using and Using understanding and understanding When When anchored, When anchored, When anchored, motor When anchored, motor sailing, anchored, motor sailing, fishing, motor sailing, fishing, motor restricted sailing, fishing, sailing, restricted fishing, in restricted ability fishing, in restricted ability to in restricted manoeuvre, ability to in manoeuvre, ability to in manoeuvre, ability or to not manoeuvre, or to manoeuvre, not or not or not or not command, the following signals are mandatory. Using and understanding the correct under command, under command, under command, theunder following command, the following command, thesignals following the signals following the aresignals following mandatory. are signals mandatory. are signals mandatory. Using areismandatory. are Using and mandatory. Using understanding andway Using understanding and Using understanding and and understanding
and understanding theunder correct thesignals correct will signals clarify will which clarify boat which is the boat give way the give boat, andboat, avoid avoid signals will clarify which boat is the give way boat, and avoid misunderstandings. the correct the correct the signals correct the signals will correct the signals clarify correct willsignals clarify which willsignals clarify which will boat clarify will which isboat the clarify which boat is give the which is way boat give theboat, boat is way give theis boat, and way give theavoid boat, and give wayavoid way and boat,avoid boat, and avoid and avoid misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. misunderstandings. Anchored Anchored Anchored Motor-sailing Anchored Anchored Motor-sailing Motor-sailing Motor-sailing Fishing Motor-sailing Fishing Fishing Not Fishing under Fishing NotNot under Notunder under Restricted Not under Not Restricted under Restricted in
Restricted in Restricted Restricted inin in in Anchored Anchored Motor-sailing Motor-sailing Fishing Fishing Not under Restricted in (Rule (Rule 30) 30) (Rule 30) (Rule 30)30) (Rule (Rule 30) 25e)30) (Rule 25e) (Rule 25e) (Rule (Rule 25e) (Rule 26) 25e) (Rule 26) 26) command (Rule command 26) 26) command command ability command ability to ability ability to ability to ability to to (Rule (Rule (Rule 25e) (Rule 25e) (Rule 26)(Rule (Rule 26) command command to ability to (Rule (Rule 27a) (Rule 27a)27a) (Rule 27a) manoeuvre (Rule 27a) manoeuvre 27a) manoeuvre manoeuvre manoeuvre (Rule (Rule 27a) manoeuvre manoeuvre (Rule (Rule 27b)(Rule (Rule 27b) (Rule 27b) (Rule 27b)27b) 27b) 27b) (Rule Motor Motor Boats Motor Boats Motor Boats Motor Boats Boats Motor Motor BoatsBoats Motor boats Sailing Sailing Sailing Boats Sailing Boats Sailing Boats Boats Boats Sailing Sailing BoatsBoats Sailing boats MotorMotor boatMotor boat Motor Motor boat Motor boat Motor boat Motor boat boat Motor Motor
boat Motor boat Motor boat Motor boat boat Sailing Motor boat Sailing Motor boat boat Sailing boat boat Sailing boat Sailing Sailing boat Sailing boat Sailing Sailing Sailing Sailing SailingSailing Sailing underunder 7m, under 7m, under under 7m, under 12m, under 7m, under 12m, under 7m, under 12m, under 20m, under 12m, under 20m, 12m, under under 20m, under under 7m 20m, under 7m 20m, yacht under 7m yacht under under 7m yacht under yacht 7m yacht under yacht under yacht under yacht under under yacht under yacht under under Motor Motor Motor boat boat Motor boat boat Motor Sailing boat boat Sailing boat Sailing Sailing Sailing Sailing less than less 7boat than less combined than 7less combined 7less thancombined than 7 Motor combined 7combined combined combined combined shows combined shows white combined shows white shows white 20m shows white 20m white 20m20m 20m 20m 20m 20m 20m 20m under 7m, under under 7m,knots under under 12m, 20m, under 20m, 7mto under yacht yacht yacht under
under yacht under knots knots knots masthead masthead knots masthead &12m, lantern & masthead lantern masthead & for lantern & forunder light lantern &forto lantern light forto light combined for light combined light to7m combined tounder tricolour combined tricolour combined tricolour tricolour tricolour stern light7 stern light sidelights light stern sidelights stern light sidelights light prevent sidelights prevent sidelights prevent sidelights prevent sidelights prevent & sidelights lantern &sidelights lantern & sidelights at lantern & at &lantern at at less thanless 7stern than combined combined combined combined shows white shows white 20m 20m 20m 20m orat lantern collision collision collision sternlight sternlight collision sternlight masthead sternlight masthead sternlight masthead masthead masthead knots knots masthead masthead & lantern & for lantern light for to collision light combined to combined tricolour tricolour stern
lightstern sidelights light sidelights prevent prevent sidelightssidelights & lantern & atlantern at collision collision sternlightsternlight masthead masthead Chichester Chichester Chichester Harbour Chichester Harbour Chichester Conservancy Harbour Conservancy Harbour Conservancy Harbour Conservancy Conservancy Harbour Harbour Office, Harbour Office, Harbour Itchenor Office, Harbour Itchenor Office, Itchenor Office, Itchenor Itchenor Chichester Chichester Chichester PO20 Chichester PO20 7AW Chichester PO20 7AW PO20 7AW PO20 7AW7AW Chichester Chichester Harbour Harbour Conservancy Conservancy www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk Harbour Harbour Office, Itchenor Office, Itchenor November November November 2008 November 2008 November 2008 20082008 01243 01243 512301 01243 512301 01243 512301 01243 512301 512301 Chichester Chichester PO20 7AW PO20 7AW www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk
www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk 2008 2008 01243 512301 01243 November 512301 November www.conservancycouk www.conservancycouk Chichester Harbour Conservancy The Harbour Office, Itchenor, Chichester, West Sussex PO20 7AW T: 01243 512301 E: info@conservancy.couk www.conservancycouk
