Sociology | Demography » Traian Rotariu - Demography and Population Sociology

Source: http://www.doksinet DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION SOCIOLOGY „›”ƒ‹ƒ‘–ƒ”‹—ǡ ‘Ž‹”‘—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ‘—•‡ǡ ƒç‹ǡʹͲͲͻǡ͵Ͳͺ’ƒ‰‡• Ž‡šƒ†”—Ǧ˜‹†‹——ˆ‹Ž£ȏͳȐ ”ƒ‹ƒ‘–ƒ”‹—™ƒ• ‡ƒ†‘ˆ–Š‡‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰›‡’ƒ”–‡–ƒ––Š‡ ƒ —Ž–› ‘ˆ‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‘ ‹ƒŽ‘”‘ˆDzƒ„‡•Ǧ‘Ž›ƒ‹dz‹˜‡”•‹–›‹Ž—Œǡ‡š’‡”– ‘•‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰›ǡ•‘ ‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–‹•–‹ •ƒ††‡‘‰”ƒ’Š›Ǥ ‡ ‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡• –Š‡ Studia Censualia Transsilvanica •‡”‹‡• ™Š‹ Š •‘ ˆƒ” Šƒ• ‹ Ž—†‡† ͳͷ ˜‘Ž—‡• ™‹–Š †ƒ–ƒ ‘ ‡•—•‡• ‘†— –‡† ‹ ”ƒ•‹Ž˜ƒ‹ƒ „‡–™‡‡ ͳͺͷͲ ƒ† ͳͻͶͳǤ ‡ ‹• ‹”‡ –‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡–‡” ˆ‘” ‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ –—†‹‡•

‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ‹ Ž—Œǡ ƒ† ‹ –Š‹• ƒ’ƒ ‹–›Š‡‹‹–‹ƒ–‡† ƒ†‹•”—‹‰–Š‡ˆ‹”•–‘ƒ‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‘ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‹••—‡• ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ ‹–‡”†‹• ‹’Ž‹ƒ”› ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ ȋRomanian Journal of Population StudiesȌǡˆ‹”•–‹••—‡†‹ʹͲͲ͹Ǥ Š‡ „‘‘ ‡–‹–Ž‡† Dz‡‘‰”ƒ’Š› ƒ† ‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ ‡‘Ǧ ‰”ƒ’Š‹ –”— –—”‡• ƒ† ”‘ ‡••‡•dz „› ”ƒ‹ƒ ‘–ƒ”‹—™ƒ• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ ʹͲͲͻ ƒ– ‘Ž‹”‘ —„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ‘—•‡ ‹ ‹–• ‘ŽŽ‡‰‹— ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘Ǧ ‹‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ Š‡ „‘‘ ‹• •–”— –—”‡† ‹ –™‘ ’ƒ”–•ǣ ƒ”–  Dz‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ –”— –—”‡•dz ‹

Ž—†‡• –™‘ Šƒ’–‡”• ƒ† ƒ”–  Dz‘’—Žƒ–‹‘›ƒ‹ •dz ‹ Ž—†‡• ˆ‹˜‡ Šƒ’–‡”•Ǥ Šƒ’–‡” ‘‡ǡ Dz‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ •–”— –—”‡ „› ƒ‰‡ǡ •‡š ƒ† ƒ”‹–ƒŽ •–ƒ–—•dzǡ ’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒ†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‰‡Ǧ•‡š•–”— –—”‡ƒ†ƒ”‹–ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•‘ˆ–Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ •‡ ‘† ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Šƒ’–‡” ’”‘˜‹†‡• †ƒ–ƒ ‘ ƒ”‹–ƒŽ ȏͳȐ ǷŽ‡šƒ†”— ‘ƒ —œƒdz ‹˜‡”•‹–›ǡ –Š‡ ƒ —Ž–› ‘ˆ Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š› ƒ† ‘ ‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ  ‹‡ ‡•ǡ‡’ƒ”–‡–‘ˆ‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‘ ‹ƒŽ‘”ǡ–—†‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Dz ƒ‹Ž›ƒ†ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ ƒ‹Ž›‡•‘—” ‡•dzƒ•–‡””‘‰”ƒǡƒŽ‡š̴„—ˆ‹Žƒ̷›ƒŠ‘‘Ǥ ‘ Source: http://www.doksinet

   •–ƒ–—•‹‘ƒ‹ƒƒ• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡’ƒ•––™‘ ‡•—•‡•ȋͳͻͻʹǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ ‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ •–”— –—”‡ „› ƒ”‹–ƒŽ •–ƒ–—• ”‡ˆŽ‡ –• ƒ ™‹†‡ ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –”‡†• ™Š‹ Š‘ —”ƒ––Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ„ƒ•‹ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ †›ƒ‹ •ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ––Š‡ Œ— –‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š› ƒ† •‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰› ȋ’‰•Ǥ ͵ʹǦ͵͵ȌǤ Š‡ •‡ ‘† Šƒ’–‡”ǡ Dz‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ‰‡‹‰dzǡ ‹ Ž—†‡• ƒ †‡• ”‹’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ‰‡‹‰ǡ‹–• †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ‡ Šƒ‹••ƒ†–Š‡ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•‘ˆ Šƒ‰‡• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ‰‡ •–”— –—”‡ǡ ƒ‡Ž› –Š‡ ‹’ƒ – ‘ˆ ƒ‰‡‹‰ ‘ ’‡•‹‘ •›•–‡• ƒ† Š‡ƒŽ–Š ‹•—”ƒ ‡ •›•–‡•

ƒ† ‘–Š‡” •‘ ‹ƒŽ ‡ˆˆ‡ –•Ǥ Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ˆƒ –‘”• ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” Šƒ‰‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ‰‡ •–”— –—”‡ ƒ† ƒ‰‡‹‰ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ‘”–ƒŽ‹–›ǡ „‹”–Š ”ƒ–‡Ȁˆ‡”–‹Ž‹–› ƒ† ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ȋ’Ǥ ͸ͶȌǤ ‘ ƒ˜‘‹†–Š‡†ƒƒ‰‹‰ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡‡ ‘‘‹ ǡˆ‹ƒ ‹ƒŽƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽ „ƒŽƒ ‡ ‘ˆ —”‘’‡ƒ •–ƒ–‡•ǡ ‰‹˜‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‹‰ ’‡•‹‘ •›•–‡ ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ pay-as-you-go ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡ǡ ‹– „‡ ‘‡• Ž‡ƒ” –Šƒ– •‡”‹‘—• ‡ƒ•—”‡• ‡‡† –‘ „‡ –ƒ‡ –‘ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡ ‹••—‡ǡ ‡˜‡ –Š‘—‰Š •— Š ‡ƒ•—”‡• ƒ”‡ ‘– ‡ƒ•‹Ž› ‡„”ƒ ‡† „› –Š‡ ‘—–”‹‡•ǯ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘

‹–•‡ŽˆǤ Š‡ •‘Ž—–‹‘• –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘„Ž‡ ™‘—Ž† „‡ǣ –‘ ”‡†— ‡ ’‡•‹‘•ǡ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡ ‡’Ž‘›‡‡•ǯ ‘–”‹„—–‹‘–‘–Š‡’‡•‹‘ˆ—†ǡ”ƒ‹•‡–Š‡”‡–‹”‡‡–ƒ‰‡ǡ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡ –Š‡ ‡’Ž‘›‡– ”ƒ–‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ™‘”‹‰Ǧƒ‰‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ȋ‡•’‡Ǧ ‹ƒŽŽ› ™‘‡Ȍǡ ˆƒ –‘” ‹ –Š‡ ˆŽ‘™ ‘ˆ ˆ‘”‡‹‰‡”• ‘ˆ ™‘”‹‰Ǧƒ‰‡ ȋ’Ǥ ͺͷȌǤ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –• ‘ˆ ƒ‰‡‹‰ ƒ „‡ †‡†— ‡†ǡ ‘–Š‡”• ™‹ŽŽ ”‡˜‡ƒŽ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•‹–‹‡ǡ„—–‹–™‘—Ž†„‡’”‡ˆ‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‘ˆ‘”‡•‡‡–Š‡–Š”‘—‰Š ’”‘•’‡ –‹˜‡•–—†‹‡•‹™‡ŽŽǦ†‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ‹–‡”‡•–ȋ’ǤͳͲ͹ȌǤ Šƒ’–‡” ǡ DzŽ‡‡–• ‘ˆ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘

†›ƒ‹ • ƒƒŽ›•‹•dzǡ ‘’‡• –Š‡ •‡ ‘†ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆ–Š‡„‘‘ƒ†ˆ‘ —•‡•‘‹••—‡••— Šƒ•’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘”‡’”‘Ǧ †— –‹‘ǡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‰”‘™–Š ƒ† ‘†‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ Šƒ‰‡ ȋ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ƒ†•–”— –—”ƒŽ‰”‘™–Š‘†‡Ž•ȌǤŠ‡•Š‹ˆ–‹’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‹œ‡‹•–Š‡†‹”‡ – ”‡•—Ž– ‘ˆ ˆ‘—” ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‡˜‡–•ǣ „‹”–Š•ǡ †‡ƒ–Š•ǡ ‹Ǧ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ȋ’ǤͳͳͳȌǤŠ‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‰”‘™–Š‘†‡Ž•ƒ”‡’”‡Ǧ •‡–‡† ƒ• ƒ–Š‡ƒ–‹ ƒŽ ˆ‘”—Žƒ• ƒ† ˆ— –‹‘• ‹†‹ ƒ–‹‰ –‘–ƒŽ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‹œ‡ ƒŽ —Žƒ–‡†‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡–‹‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•

‘–Š‡”’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•ȋ’Ǥͳ͵͵ȌǤŠ‡•–”— –—”ƒŽ‰”‘™–Š‘†‡Ž•ƒ”‡†‡• ”‹„‡† „› —•‹‰ •‹’Ž‡ ƒ–Š‡ƒ–‹ ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž•Ǥ Š‹• †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ ƒ‡” ™ƒ• ”‡ƒ–‡† „› Žˆ”‡† ‘–ƒ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ –™‘ ‘”Ž† ƒ”• ƒ† Žƒ–‡” ‘ŽǤ Ȉ”ǤʹȀʹͲͳʹ ʹ͵͵ Source: http://www.doksinet    $ ‹’”‘˜‡† „› ‘–Š‡” ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”• ™Š‘ ‘–”‹„—–‡† •—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽŽ› –‘ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆˆ‘”ƒŽ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š›ȋ’Ǥͳ͵͸ȌǤ Šƒ’–‡” ǡ Dz‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ• ƒ ˆƒ –‘” ‘–”‹„—–‹‰ –‘ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‰”‘™–Šdzǡ ‡š’Ž‘”‡• ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ‡˜‡–• ƒ† –”‡†•ǡ ‡– ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ǡ –Š‡

˜ƒ”‹‘—•ƒ––‡’–•–‘‡š’Žƒ‹‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ǡƒ†–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –•‘ˆ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ǡ„‡ –Š‡› †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‘” •‘ ‹‘Ǧ‡ ‘‘‹ Ǥ Š‡ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ƒ•’‡ – ‘ˆ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ‹•Š‹‰ŠŽ›•‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ–†—‡–‘‹–• ‘’‘‡–•ǡ‹‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‡‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ™Š‹ Š Šƒ˜‡ ƒ †‹”‡ – ‹’ƒ – ‘ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘˜‡‡–ǡ ƒ† ˆ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘ ‹– —•– „‡ ‹ Ž—†‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‡‰‘”› ‘ˆ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ’Š‡‘‡ƒȋ’ǤͳͶ͸ȌǤ‡ ‘—Ž† ‘Œ‡ –—”‡ƒ†’”‡•‡––Š‡ –‡ Š‹ ƒŽ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‘ˆ Š‘™ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‡ƒ•—”‡† „› ‹ƒ‰‹‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” ‡˜‡–• ȋ–Š‡ ‹ ‘‹‰ ƒ† ‘—–‰‘‹‰ ‘ˆ

’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘Ȍ ‘ —””‡† ‹•–ƒ–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›ǡƒ‹‰‹–’‘••‹„Ž‡–‘”‡ ‘”†–Š‡‹–Š‡•ƒ‡ ™ƒ›ƒ• ™‡ ”‡ ‘”† †‡ƒ–Š• ƒ† „‹”–Š•ǡ „› ‡–‹‘‹‰ –Š‡ ›‡ƒ”ǡ –Š‡ ‘–Šǡ –Š‡ †ƒ›ƒ†–Š‡Š‘—”™Š‡–Š‡›‘ —””‡†Ǥ –Š‹• ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ –‘‘Ž• —•‡† ‹ –Š‡ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ƒƒŽ›•‡• ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡” ‡˜‡–• ƒ† –”‡†• ‘—Ž†ƒ’’Ž›Š‡”‡™‹–Š‘—––‘‘ƒ›ƒ†Œ—•–‡–•ȋ’ǤͳͶͺȌǤ –Š‡ƒ„•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ƒ —”ƒ–‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ˜ƒŽ‹† ‡–Š‘†• –‘ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ˆŽ‘™• ƒ† –Š‡ •–‘ • ‘ˆ ‹‹‰”ƒ–• ƒ† ‡‹‰”ƒ–•ǡ †‡‘Ǧ ‰”ƒ’Š‡”• ‘•– ‘ˆ–‡ •‡––Ž‡

ˆ‘” ‡•–‹ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ „ƒŽƒ ‡ „› ƒŽ —Žƒ–‹‰–Š‡‡–‹‰”ƒ–‹‘™Š‹ Š‹•™Šƒ– ‘—–•‹–Š‡†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ’”‘ ‡••‡•ǡ ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ †‡–‡”‹‹‰ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‰”‘™–Š ȋ’Ǥͳͷ͹ȌǤ ”‘ƒ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ǡ–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –•‘ˆ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ „‡ –‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ Šƒ‰‡• ‹ ‹–‡•‹–› ƒ† ’ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡” †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‡˜‡–• ȋˆ‡”–‹Ž‹–›ǡ ƒ””‹ƒ‰‡ǡ ‘”–ƒŽ‹–›Ȍǡ –‘ –Š‡ Šƒ‰‡• ‹ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ •–”— –—”‡• ƒ† –‘ –Š‡ ‹’ƒ – ‘ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ †›ƒ‹ • ȋ’Ǥ ͳ͹ͺȌǤ ‘ ƒ––‡”Š‘™•‘’Š‹•–‹ ƒ–‡†–Š‡–Š‡‘”‹‡•‘–Š‡ ƒ—•ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ƒ›

•‡‡ƒ––‹‡•ǡ‘‡ ƒ‘–†‡›–Šƒ–™Šƒ–Ž‹‡•„‡Š‹†–Š‹•’Š‡‘‡‘ ȋ˜‘Ž—–ƒ”›‹‰”ƒ–‹‘Ȍ‹•’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›ƒ‡ ‘‘‹ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡ȋ’ǤͳͺͷȌǤ Dz‘’—Žƒ–‹‘–”‡†•™‘”Ž†™‹†‡ƒ†‹‘ƒ‹ƒȂ„”‹‡ˆ‘˜‡”˜‹‡™dz‹•ƒ •Š‘”– Šƒ’–‡”™‹–Š•— ‹ –‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ†‡•‹‰‡†–Š‹•™ƒ›„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ ƒ••—’–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‹–‡”‡•–‡† ”‡ƒ†‡”• ƒ ˆ‹† ‘”‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‹ –Š‡ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡ ƒ† ‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ – –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—• Šƒ’–‡”• Šƒ† ʹ͵Ͷ ‘ŽǤ Ȉ”ǤʹȀʹͲͳʹ Source: http://www.doksinet    ‘˜‡”‡† ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ Šƒ‰‡ ‡š–‡•‹˜‡Ž› ™Š‡ –ƒ Ž‹‰ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‡˜‡–•

‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ •–”— –—”‡• ȋ’Ǥ ͳͻͶȌǤ Dz‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  –”ƒ•‹–‹‘dz–ƒŽ•ƒ„‘—––Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘ ‡’–ǡƒ„‘—––Š‡ –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  –”ƒ•‹–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ •‡ ‘† †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  –”ƒ•‹–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ’Š”ƒ•‡ economic transitionǡ ™‹†‡Ž› ‘™ ƒ† —•‡† –‘†ƒ›ǡ™ƒ• ‘‹‡†„› ”ƒ‘–‡•–‡‹‹ƒ ‘ˆ‡”‡ ‡Š‡Ž†‹Š‹ ƒ‰‘‹ ͳͻͻͶȋ’Ǥʹͳ͸ȌǤ–Š‡‘”›‘†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ –”ƒ•‹–‹‘’‡”•‡Šƒ•‘–„‡‡ ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‡†›‡–Ǥ•™‹–Š‘–Š‡” ‘’Ž‡š•‘ ‹ƒŽ‹••—‡•ǡŠ‡”‡–‘‘–Š‡”‡Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ƒ––‡’–• –‘ ‘ˆˆ‡” ‘”‡ ‘” Ž‡•• •—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ ‘”

‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ–‡ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘•™Š‹ ŠŠƒ˜‡„‡‡‡„”ƒ ‡†–‘˜ƒ”›‹‰†‡‰”‡‡•ȋ’Ǥʹ͵ͳȌǤ ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡• ”‹’–‹‘• ƒ† ƒ ‘—–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ –”ƒ•‹–‹‘ •–ƒ‰‡• ƒ† •—„Ǧ•–ƒ‰‡•‹†‹ ƒ–‡–Šƒ––Š‹•’”‘ ‡••‡†•™‹–Šƒ•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹™Š‹ Š–Š‡ „‹”–Š ”ƒ–‡ ƒ† ‘”–ƒŽ‹–› ”ƒ–‡ ‡˜‡ ‘—– ƒ– ƒ Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Žǡ ”‡•—Ž–‹‰ ‹ ƒ ƒ–—”ƒŽ‰”‘™–Š Ž‘•‡–‘œ‡”‘ȋ’Ǥʹ͵ͻȌǤ‡ ‘—Ž†ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ––Š‡ Dz•‡ ‘† –”ƒ•‹–‹‘‘ˆ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š›dz’Š”ƒ•‡‹•‹ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡ƒ†–Š‡‡ Šƒ‹•„› ™Š‹ Š ‹– ‹• ‡š’Žƒ‹‡† ‹• ‹ ‘•‹•–‡– ‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ ‹••—‡•Ǥ

–Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†ǡ‰‹˜‡–Š‡†‹• —••‹‘•”‡˜‘Ž˜‹‰ƒ”‘—†–Š‡ ‘ ‡’–ǡ ™‡—•–„‡ƒ”‹‹†–Š‡™‹†‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ”‡ ‡–ƒŒ‘” Šƒ‰‡•‹•‘ ‹ƒŽ Ž‹ˆ‡ ™Š‹ Š ‹ Ž—†‡ ‘ —””‡– —–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ ˆƒ‹Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ’”‘ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ȋ’ǤʹͶͻȌǤ Šƒ’–‡”•‹šǡDz‘’—Žƒ–‹‘’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘•dzǡ„‡‰‹•™‹–Š‰‡‡”ƒŽ ‘•‹†‡”ƒǦ –‹‘•ƒ„‘—–’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ˆ‘”‡ ƒ•–•‘”’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘•ƒ†‘–Š‡”–‡”‹‘Ž‘‰›Ǧ ”‡Žƒ–‡† Žƒ”‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘•ǡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡† „› ƒ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ƒŽ ‡–Š‘†ȋ–Š‡’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘–‡ Š‹“—‡ƒ†ƒ’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘• ‡ƒ”‹‘ǣ‘ƒ‹ƒǯ• ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘Ȍǡ –Š‡ Š‘‹

‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘ Š›’‘–Š‡•‡• ȋŠ›’‘–Š‡•‡• ‘ ‘”–ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ˆ‡”–‹Ž‹–› ƒ† ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘Ȍǡ ™‘”Ž† ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘• ƒ† ˆ‘”‡ ƒ•–•Ǥ › ’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘ •–ƒ”–• ™‹–Š ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ƒ– ƒ ‰‹˜‡ –‹‡ ‘” ƒ– Ž‘‰‡” –‹‡ ‹–‡”˜ƒŽ• ȋ’Ǥ ʹͷ͹ȌǤ ‘‰ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‡”•ǡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• Ž‡•• –ƒŽ ƒ„‘—– ˆ‘”‡ ƒ•–• ƒ† ‘”‡ ƒ„‘—– ’”‘Œ‡ –‹‘• ‘” ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ ƒŽ —Žƒ–‹‘• ™Š‹ Š ‘•– ‘ˆ–‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’”‡†‹ –‹˜‡ ”‘Ž‡ȋ’Ǥʹ͹ͶȌǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡–‘™‘”Ž†’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‹• ‘–‘Ž› †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘” ‹–‡”‡•– ‹ ™‘”Ž† ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ Šƒ‰‡ǡ „—– ƒŽ•‘

–‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ – –Šƒ–ǡ ƒ•‹†‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ„•‡ ‡ —–‹Ž ”‡ ‡–Ž› ‘ˆ •—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ ƒ —”ƒ–‡ ‘ŽǤ Ȉ”ǤʹȀʹͲͳʹ ʹ͵ͷ Source: http://www.doksinet    $ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡”–ƒ‹ •–ƒ–‡• ‘” –‡””‹–‘”‹‡•ǡ ™‘”Ž†™‹†‡ ’”‘‰‘•‡• ƒ”‡ — Š ‘”‡ ”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡ –Šƒ –Š‘•‡ ˆ‘” •ƒŽŽ‡” ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘• ȋ’Ǥ ʹͺͺȌǤ ‘”Ž† ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ’”‘‰‘•‡• ƒ”‡ ƒ• ‘Ž† ƒ• †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š›‹–•‡Žˆǡ‰‘‹‰„ƒ –‘–Š‡•‡ ‘†ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆ–Š‡ Ǧ–Š ‡–—”› ȋ’ǤʹͺͻȌǤ ”ƒ‹ƒ‘–ƒ”‹—ǯ•Demography and Population Sociology. Demographic Structures and Processes ‹• ‹–‡†‡† ƒ• ƒ –”‡ƒ–‹•‡ ‘ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š› ƒ†

’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ •‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰› –Šƒ– ‘’Ž‡‡–• –Š‡ ˜‘Ž—‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ ʹͲͲ͵ ƒ†‹•ƒ††”‡••‡†–‘ƒŽŽ–Š‘•‡™Š‘™ƒ––‘‡Šƒ ‡–Š‡‹”‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š›ǣ •–—†‡–• ‘ˆ •‘ ‹‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ‡ ‘‘›ǡ •‘ ‹ƒŽ ™‘”ǡ ’—„Ž‹  ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘”‘–Š‡”•’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡†ˆ‹‡Ž†• ‡–‡”‡†‘–Š‡†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒŽ †‹‡•‹‘‘ˆ•‘ ‹ƒŽŽ‹ˆ‡Ǥ  ʹ͵͸ ‘ŽǤ Ȉ”ǤʹȀʹͲͳʹ